We provide a lower-bound estimate of the undetected share of corporate fraud. To identify the hidden part of the "iceberg," we exploit Arthur Andersen's demise, which triggered added scrutiny on Arthur Andersen's former clients and thereby increased the detection likelihood of preexisting...

This original research delves into the public's awareness of environmental crimes related to pollution and illegal waste operations in Brescia, Italy. It investigates residents' perceptions of the seriousness of environmental crimes occurring in their proximity. Brescia is an ideal location for...

“A development is not a development if it destroys our planet. ”This article gives an encapsulation of the jurisprudence on sustainable development. It gives an overview of the concept of sustainable groundwater resource development. The world is progressing at an alarming rate where...

The Bangladesh Environment Conservation Act (BECA) was enacted in 1995 containing certain recognized and valued principles of environmental law. Despite the incorporation of such principles, the provisions themselves contained in this Act are in contradiction. This writing aims to highlight...

Enforcing environmental laws and policies has been one of the pressingagenda globally. Despite the mandate given to the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) by the Act 490, there are still numerous environmentalissues unaddressed in Ghana. This paper is geared towards unravellingand identifying...

The 2030 UN Sustainable Development Agenda aims at ‘transforming our world’ to protect universally agreed sustainable development goals (SDGs) that – due to globalization – can no longer be secured by any state without international law and multilevel governance of global public goods...

Conventional wisdom describes environmental law as a field filled with rigid mandates. Many critiques of the field start with that rigidity as a key premise, and they allege that inflexibility is a central failing or, alternatively, a squandered virtue. Influential reform proposals follow from...

Switzerland has undertaken a commitment to reduce its greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by 50 per cent by 2030 compared to 1990 levels under the Paris Agreement on Climate Change. Throughout 2020 and 2021, the Swiss Federal Government and civil society were working towards achieving this target...

This volume examines the impact of globalization on international environmental law and the implementation of sustainable development in the Global South.Comprising contributions from lawyers from the Global South or who have experience in the Global South, this volume is organized into three...

With respect to climate change, the principal focus of both research and public policy has been on mitigation – on reducing greenhouse gas emissions so as to reduce anticipated adverse effects. But it is increasingly clear that adaptation must also be a high priority. Climate-related risks –...

The crime of ‘ecocide’ has been discussed for almost 50 years and is of increasing relevance. Starting as scientific and biological debates during the Vietnam War, ecocide arguments became foremost political and then juridical. Recently in 2021, the ‘Stop Ecocide Foundation’ proposed to...

In this paper, I distinguish three types of harm that can arise in the context of artificial intelligence (AI): individual harm, collective harm and societal harm. Societal harm is often overlooked, yet not reducible to the two former types of harm. Moreover, mechanisms to tackle individual and...

This study examines the uneven effects of air pollution from maritime ports on physical and mental health across racial groups. We exploit quasi-random variation in vessels in port from weather events far out in the ocean to estimate how port traffic influences air pollution and human health. We...

In this paper, I distinguish three types of harm that can arise in the context of artificial intelligence (AI): individual harm, collective harm and societal harm. Societal harm is often overlooked, yet not reducible to the two former types of harm. Moreover, mechanisms to tackle individual and...

In the last two decades prolonged instances of corporate wrongdoing in Europe have been un-covered: from Siemens’ systemic bribery to HSBC and other major bank’s money laundering issues, Dieselgate, LIBOR price-rigging, and the recent Wirecard debacle. What has driven European firms to...

The African Union’s environmental year 2019 makes it possible to draws attention of scholars and decision-makers on the most recent developments in environmental law and policy in the framework of the continental organisation. Throughout 2019, the African Union main organs, the Assembly of...

The public trust doctrine is an ancient doctrine of public property law that governs sovereign stewardship of natural resources. The doctrine both promote public access to trust resources and requires sovereign protection of them for the benefit of the public, including future generations. The...

This article proposed three innovative and heterodox ways to aid understanding and unleashing a sustainable economy in Three Essays on Environmental Justice: First, behavioral insights are presented about real-world relevant, easily-implementable nudges to steer human into future-oriented...

As conventionally understood, social movements, law reform, and society interact in a unidirectional fashion. Social movements seek to secure law reform; in turn, changes in the law bring about changes in society. While this conventional understanding may be helpful for some purposes, it is an...

The Wisconsin Supreme Court confronted the tensions inherent in state environmental enforcement actions, issuing a ruling in State v. Chrysler Outboard Corp., 219 Wis. 2d 130, 580 N.W.2d 203 (1998), that both helps and hinders state environmental enforcement actions.State environmental...

Cash penalties in US environmental court cases can be mitigated if a defendant volunteers to undertake an in-kind project in the location of their violation, for example, by creating an education program or building a public park. A stated goal of the policy is to address environmental justice...

The intersection of the fields of Intellectual Property Law (IPL) and Environmental Law (EL) is a multi-dimensional space requiring consideration not only of specialized areas and topics within each of these fields, but also of general law principles and a variety of approaches to analysis and...

Central Appalachia, a region encompassing parts of West Virginia, Kentucky, Tennessee, and Virginia, often is characterized as a “national sacrifice zone.” Fossil fuel industries have devastated the landscape here and in broader Appalachia for more than a century. They also have profoundly...

The COVID-19 pandemic is a seismically disruptive event. This commentary explores some of the key ways this seismic shift will interact with environmental law. It explores four types of change triggered by the pandemic: (1) behavioral changes (including of behaviors with environmental impacts);...

For lawyers and legal scholars, legislation seems a known quantity – a relatively permanent, public expression of democratic processes in parliamentary democracies and of the rule of law. This ‘knowable’ character can however be misleading, particularly in the field of environmental law....

The prospect of the UK leaving the European Union poses significant challenges for UK environmental law. Fundamentally, this is because environmental issues, both legal and physical, cannot be hermetically sealed within a single jurisdiction. Environmental law is an inherently...

Despite the large number of environmental agreements at the global, regional and bilateral levels, the role of customary international law remains of great importance in practice. First, many treaties which are in force remain largely unimplemented. Secondly, treaties only bind those States that...

Climate change has reached its “all hands on deck” moment, requiring simultaneous mitigation and adaptation efforts and the participation of all branches of government at all levels—including (and maybe especially) the administrative state. However, while certain agency exercises of...

In this study, we examine the interplay between public environmental enforcement and private lender monitoring and its effects on borrowers’ environmental activities. To capture lender environmental monitoring, we use environmental covenants in loan agreements that require borrowers to take...

Modern energy and natural resource development has always been, at heart, a global enterprise. Energy companies and developers, by necessity, frequently work in far-flung locations scattered among nations with vastly different legal systems and environmental regulatory systems. If one of their...