Gibt es eine europäische Identität? Der Begriff "europäisch" hängt davon ab, was der Einzelne unter "Europa" versteht. Es kann durch sprachliche, religiöse, rechtliche, geografische, kulturelle, historische, wirtschaftliche oder politische Konzepte definiert werden. Oft ist es eine sehr...

In Varietate Concordia - United in diversity, the motto of the European Union is often mentioned by some politicians and in EU-related literature. However, one wonders what this motto actually means for the EU and how it is implemented in reality. To this end, the terminology of the motto is...

In the early 1950s, the drive to find a practical solution to European antagonisms led to the construction of the first Common Market at the European scale, between Belgium, France, Germany, Italy, Luxembourg and the Netherlands. At the heart of the Coal and Steel Community, was the idea that...

This paper studies the labor market effects of out- and in-migration in the context of cross-border commuting. It investigates an EU policy reform that granted Czech citizens full access to the German labor market, resulting in a Czech commuter outflow across the border to Germany. Exploiting...

Within the scope of its initiative on “Compulsory Licensing in the EU”, the European Commission launched a call for evidence on 1 April 2022 and a public consultation on 7 July 2022 with the aim of gathering views from stakeholders. The objective of this initiative is to explore the...

This paper analyzes the recent judicial reform in Albania, which is in progress since 2015. The new mechanisms and institutions established by the reform are analyzed to identify the solutions to the problems of the judiciary system. After the fall of the communist regime, Albania has undergone...

The circular economy concept focuses on the prevention, reduction, reuse, recovery and recycling of materials and energy. Its aim is to replace the "end-of-life" concept with new possibilities for reuse, restoration and renewal. The circular economy is a strategic concept to promote the...

This paper analyses how Italy's decades-long decline turned the country into the euro area's Achilles heel, the most vulnerable spot in the common currency. We use a structuralist framework to synthesise different (competing) supply-side and demand-side explanations, accounting for long-term...

In March 2023, the European Commission published a legislative proposal for an EU response to the US Inflation Reduction Act: the Net Zero Industry Act (NZIA). It is an unconvincing policy proposal, both for what is in it and for what is not in it. The proposal has five problematic aspects....

The economic tradition of ordoliberalism, understood as the theoretical and policy ideas of the Freiburg School, emerged in 1930s and 1940s Germany. In the years thereafter, it was quickly superseded by Keynesianism and other theories imported from the English-speaking world. The crisis in...

The participation of the European Union in the settlement of the Transnistrian conflict created favorable conditions for the implementation of the concept of "involvement without recognition" of the Transnistrian region in the legal field of the Republic of Moldova. The effectiveness of this...

The Great Recession renewed calls for a return of state activism in support of the European economy. The widespread nationalization of ailing companies and the growing activism of national development banks led many to celebrate the reappearance of industrial policy. By reviewing the evolution...

Auf der Grundlage einer unzureichend gefestigten "europäischen Identität" sah sich die Europäische Union in den vergangenen Jahren etlichen Herausforderungen gegenüber: der Globalisierung, der Finanzkrise, der Migration und dem populistischen Nationalismus, dem Brexit sowie der...

The present paper has two aims. The first aim is to test whether six new member states of the European Union (the six Central and Eastern European Countries) form an optimum currency area (OCA) with the eurozone, in an attempt to assess their readiness for euro adoption. The second aim is to...

This paper explores the impact of refugees on the size of the underground economy in 28 European Union countries over the period from 1998 to 2017. It applies a nonlinear methodology by employing dynamic panel threshold estimations. The main findings uncover a nonlinear connection between...

Historiography on European integration before 1914 has acknowledged that the level of entanglements between the European nation-states was quite advanced. Indeed, historians were able to confirm a high level of cooperation on the legal, social, technical and even political level. And yet, the...

The European Court of Justice (‘ECJ’) recently examined the statutory provisions in the context of European Value Added Tax (‘VAT’) regulations to opine upon the extent of restrictions that can be imposed upon entities which are under liquidation. This decision addresses a situation...

The European Commission has published its Draft Horizontal Guidelines (DHG), which include an assessment of “sustainability agreements”. The dedicated paragraphs enlarge the scope for the consideration of sustainability benefits. We review the various ways how such an extended consideration...

The paper presents issues related to milk production in the Member States of the European Union. The conducted analysis and research cover the period from 2015 to 2019. The study evaluates milk production and milk prices and uses the linear Pearson’s correlation in order to find out whether...

The phenomenon of geo-blocking is one of the new challenges of the digital era. Geo-blocking is a modern form of discrimination that differentiates between consumers on the basis of their geographical location. The phenomenon ultimately affects the situation of the citizen concerned and may also...

Die Europäisierungsforschung widmet sich der Erforschung der Rückwirkungen der europäischen Integration auf die EU-Mitgliedstaaten. Trotz der Bedeutung von Kapital und Arbeit und ihren Organisationen für die politischen Ökonomien der EU-Mitgliedstaaten hat die Europäisierungslite-ratur den...