This study investigates the influence of the male breadwinner norm on fathers' decisions regarding childcare responsibilities. We study the complex interplay between economic factors and gender norms in shaping the division of household labor within families by analyzing the impact a...

Der demografische Alterungsprozess, der in Deutschland aktuell in eine akute Phase tritt, erzeugt Risiken für die langfristige Tragfähigkeit der öffentlichen Finanzen. Die im Auftrag des Bundesministeriums der Finanzen erstellte Studie leistet Vorarbeiten für den Sechsten...

Over the past two decades, there have been significant changes in family dynamics and labor market interactions, with shifts in fertility, marriage, divorce, cohabitation, family labor supply, gender inequality, and childrearing. This chapter examines the impact of government policies on these...

Over the past two decades, there have been significant changes in family dynamics and labor market interactions, with shifts in fertility, marriage, divorce, cohabitation, family labor supply, gender inequality, and childrearing. This chapter examines the impact of government policies on these...

This paper analyzes the welfare implications of children’s enfranchisement within a political economy framework that emphasizes the trade-offs in public policy when the electorate includes different age groups. Public spending is financed by tax revenues, meaning that higher spending on...

Countries often encourage part-time work among new parents as part of their family policies, aiming to foster mothers' labor market attachment. However, this approach may unintentionally impede women's long-term career prospects. We examine the impact of a 1999 Spanish reform that allowed...

Over the past two decades, there have been significant changes in family dynamics and labor market interactions, with shifts in fertility, marriage, divorce, cohabitation, family labor supply, gender inequality, and childrearing. This chapter examines the impact of government policies on these...

We formalize and estimate the dynamic marginal efficiency cost of redistribution (MECR) in the spirit of Okun’s “leaky bucket” to compare the MECR of an income-contingent childcare subsidy program and of the income-contingent tax and transfer schedule. We set up a dynamic structural model...

Worldwide governments discuss how to increase maternal labor market participation and to reduce the child penalty, i.e. labor market earnings losses after child birth. This study analyses the long run effects of a German paid parental leave reform, which aims to increase maternal labour market...

We study the fertility effects of the 1997 Quebec Family Policy, which introduced universal childcare and simultaneously ended its newborn allowance. Using a 20% sample of Canadian tax returns, we find that the reform reduced overall fertility at the intensive margin but had varying impacts by...

European fascist regimes have attached great importance to nationalistic families and designed policies to perpetuate them. Most offered policy packages with interest-free loans repayable through childbirth, along with allowances and tax deductions for large families. Using a...

Der demografische Alterungsprozess, der in Deutschland aktuell in eine akute Phase tritt, erzeugt Risiken für die langfristige Tragfähigkeit der öffentlichen Finanzen. Die im Auftrag des Bundesministeriums der Finanzen erstellte Studie leistet Vorarbeiten für den Sechsten...

This paper examines the impact of the 2014 Italian divorce law on help-seeking behavior of domestic violence victims and femicides. I find that contrary to expectations, the reform, which aimed to make divorce cheaper while requiring mutual consent, led to a decrease in help-seeking behavior...

Increasing fathers' involvement in childcare is seen as an important strategy to reduce women's child penalties in the labour market. However, very little is known about the extent to which family policies can enhance fathers' engagement in domestic work. This paper examines the impact of the...

The extent of social protection provided to families with children varies according to each country's unique economic, social, and demographic conditions. The most important factors for assessing social protection were studied and identified by means of the multivariate statistical analysis...

Using German administrative data from the 1960s onward, this paper (i) examines the long-term evolution of child-related gender inequality in earnings and (ii) assesses the impact of family policies on this inequality. We present three sets of findings. First, child penalties (i.e., the...

Over the past two decades, there have been significant changes in family dynamics and labor market interactions, with shifts in fertility, marriage, divorce, cohabitation, family labor supply, gender inequality, and childrearing. This chapter examines the impact of government policies on these...

This paper examines how the necessary socio-ecological transformation can be shaped through welfare state institutions and measures in such a way that it does not cause social tensions and avoids any new environmentally harmful maladjustments, but rather is as socially just and ecologically...

Using German administrative data from the 1960s onward, this paper (i) examines the long-term evolution of child-related gender inequality in earnings and (ii) assesses the impact of family policies on this inequality. We present three sets of findings. First, child penalties (i.e., the...

Germany is characterised by large gender gaps in the labour market. Both the gender pay gap as well as the gender gap in working hours are among the highest in Europe. Family policy reforms such as increasing the parental leave period that is ear-marked for fathers as well as reducing the high...

The lives of families in Germany have changed fundamentally in recent decades. In particular, young women are increasingly share an equal division of tasks between men and women. This makes it necessary to have fitting institutional childcare facilities. However, at present there is still a lack...

Before the 2023 summer recess, family policy was, surprisingly, the centre of political debate. Guaranteed child allowance, the abolition of parental benefits for the highest earners, the abolition of income tax relief for married couples, and the pension for surviving dependents were up for...

Mit dem aktuellen Haushaltsentwurf 2024 von Bundesfinanzminister Christian Lindner und den geplanten Kürzungen im Bereich Familie ist eine heftige Debatte darum entbrannt, welche familienpolitischen Maßnahmen sinnvoll sind, wie sie wirken und welche Alternativen es überhaupt gibt. Die gute...

Early childhood is a key life stage and early childhood experiences are crucial not only for children's well-being, but for their subsequent development. There is increasing evidence that social inequalities in outcomes emerge even before children start school, and a large body of international...

Die Ampel-Regierung nähert sich der Halbzeit der Legislaturperiode. In ihrem Koalitionsvertrag hat sie 2021 eine Reihe von Vorhaben vereinbart, die die Grundsicherung reformieren sollen. Das betrifft das inzwischen umgesetzte Bürgergeld, das das ungeliebte "Hartz IV" ablöst. Die...