The composition of Japan's current account balance has changed over time, with an increasing income balance primarily reflecting a growing net foreign asset position and higher corporate saving. A comparison of Japan's income balance with peer countries highlights: (i) relatively high yields on...

I discuss the tax treatment of transborder capital income, focussing on prevailing arrangements rather than de novo design of optimal tax arrangements. These comprise unilateral reliefs from double taxation under credit or exemption systems, and treaty reliefs (largely following the OECD model...

Whether the United Kingdom enjoyed an exorbitant privilege over the period 1871–1914 is analysed with a new dataset. The use of microdata on financial securities sheds light on some issues arising from US studies. A monthly proxy for the British international investment position and estimates...

International financial integration allows countries to become net creditors or net debtors with respect to the rest of the world. In this paper, we show that a small set of fundamentals--shifts in relative output levels, the stock of public debt and demographic factors--can do much to explain...

We develop a portfolio-based framework to understand the deterioration of the U.S. net foreign asset (NFA) position and the returns earned on U.S. NFA (exorbitant privilege). We show global savings gluts and monetary policies widened the U.S. NFA position, while investor demand shifts offset...

The global financial markets have the most vulnerable economic backgrounds ever. Thus, small shocks in the financial markets can trigger an enormous crisis in 2008, or even to a larger extent. External adjustments on foreign assets and liabilities will play an important role in international...

We investigate the medium-term determinants of the current account using a model that controls for factors related to institutional development, with a goal of informing the recent debate over the existence and relevance of the "savings glut." The economic environmental factors that we consider...

Does the center country of the International Monetary System enjoy an "exorbitant privilege" that significantly weakens its external constraint as has been asserted in some European quarters? Using a newly constructed dataset, we perform a detailed analysis of the historical evolution of US...

Since the 2008 global financial crisis, China has rolled out a number of initiatives to actively promote the international role of the renminbi and to denominate more of its international claims away from the US dollar and into the renminbi. This paper discusses the factors shaping the prospects...

This paper studies net foreign assets and the differential returns between gross foreign assets and liabilities for a sample of 49 countries between 1981 and 2007. It shows that investment income is more important than capital gains in imparting a drift to net foreign assets over the long-run,...

International financial integration allows countries to become net creditors or net debtors with respect to the rest of the world. In this paper, we show that a small set of fundamentals - shifts in relative output levels, the stock of public debt and demographic factors - can do much to explain...

We examine the role of non-economic partnerships in promoting international economic exchange. Since far-sighted countries are more willing to join costly international partnerships such as environmental treaties, environmental engagement tends to encourage international lending. Countries with...

The US net foreign asset position has deteriorated sharply in the years following the Global Financial Crisis and is currently negative 65 percent of US GDP. This deterioration primarily reflects changes in the relative values of large gross international equity positions, as opposed to net new...

We use a portfolio-based framework to understand what drives the decline of the U.S. net foreign asset (NFA) position and the reversal in returns earned on the US NFA (exorbitant privilege). We show that global savings gluts and monetary policies widened the U.S. NFA position, while investor...

Germany is world champion in exporting capital ("Exportweltmeister"). No other country invests larger amounts of savings outside its borders. However, Germany plays in the third division when it comes to investment performance, as we show in this paper. We study the returns on German foreign...

This paper is a case study of an (almost complete) adjustment of Italy's external stock imbalance. After reaching a peak of around 25 per cent of GDP in early 2014, Italy's net external debtor position has steadily decreased, reaching less than 7 per cent of GDP at the end of 2017. The...

We examine the effect of non-zero, steady-state foreign assets on consumption dynamics in response to productivity shocks in a two-country, dynamic, general equilibrium model. The model generates non-zero steady-state net foreign assets by allowing for different discount factors across...

Germany is world champion in exporting capital ("Exportweltmeister"). No other country invests larger amounts of savings outside its borders. However, Germany plays in the third division when it comes to investment performance, as we show in this paper. We study the returns on German foreign...

In a three-region New Keynesian life-cycle model calibrated to Germany, the Euro area (without Germany) and the rest of the world, we analyze the impact of population ageing on net foreign asset and current account developments. Using unsynchronized demographic trends by taking those of Germany...

The bias of the net extemal asset position (NEAP) which arises from the revaluation of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) is examined. The bias is defined as the difference between the historical value and the market value of the balance of inward and outward FDI. Possible effects of the...

The paper reexamines the empirical relationship between external indebtedness and the interest premium on government bonds. We use a broad sample of countries between 1980-2017 that includes advanced, emerging and less-developed economies. We show that the relationship is strongly...

Many currencies, especially those of countries with negative net foreign assets, tend to depreciate during times of financial turbulence. Using a panel of 26 currencies over the period 1/1997 - 6/2016, I show that the composition of net foreign assets matter for the exchange rate sensitivity to...

In the last two decades, foreign capital investments have followed different paths in EMU countries. Given their importance for growth and productivity, we analyse the factors underlying the dynamics of foreign direct investments, portfolio debt investments, and portfolio equity investments in...

This paper analyses the evolution of Italian investment income flows in relation to the corresponding financial stocks in the international investment position. The period under scrutiny is from 1999 to 2016, covering all developments since the beginning of monetary union. The analysis is based...

The exorbitant privilege literature analyses the positive returns differential on net foreign assets enjoyed by the United States in the last quarter of the twentieth century as the issuer of the global reserve currency. In the first age of international financial integration (1871–1914), the...