This paper evaluates the impact of two export finance support schemes: The Export Finance Scheme (EFS) and the Long-Term Finance Facility for Plant & Machinery (LTFF) on firm-level export performance. These policies offer loans to exporters at concessionary interest rates to finance short-term...

This study evaluates four machine learning (ML) techniques (Decision Trees (DT), Random Forests (RF), Neural Networks (NN) and Probabilistic Neural Networks (PNN)) on their ability to accurately predict export credit insurance claims. Additionally, we compare the performance of the ML techniques...

Introduction -- International sale of goods -- The sales contract -- Letters of credit -- Non-establishment forms of international business : agency and distributorships, technology transfer, contract, manufacturing, and franchising -- Foreign direct investment -- Protecting intellectual...

"Global trade is a key driver for economic growth, and trade is related to several dimensions: The Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) with disruptive technologies, globalisation of markets, innovation leading to new trade opportunities, as well as foreign investments following exports lead to...

The Late Middle Ages (c.1300–c.1500) saw the development of many of the key economic institutions of the modern unitary nation-state in Europe. After the "commercial revolution" of the thirteenth century, taxes on trade became increasingly significant contributors to government finances, and...

Trade finance shortfalls now appear regularly. Does this matter for trade expansion and economic development in developing countries? Global trade finance has resumed following the 2009 global financial crisis. However, the pattern of recovery has been uneven across countries and categories of...

Trade finance shortfalls now appear regularly. Does this matter for trade expansion and economic development in developing countries? Global trade finance has resumed following the 2009 global financial crisis. However, the pattern of recovery has been uneven across countries and categories of...

The paper analyses the motives behind trade use credit in the Polish enterprise sector, based on the results of the 2016 NBP Annual Survey. It verifies the conclusions stemming from trade credit theories regarding both the main motives driving supply and demand for trade credit, as well as...

In this paper we use manufacturing data on Colombian exports and bank financing to estimate the credit elasticity of exports. The data allows us to construct a supply side instrumental variable for the credit of manufacturers that we use to address a possible reverse causality problem. We find...

Die Bank Payment Obligation (BPO) ist eine neue Zahlungsbedingung im Außenhandel. Sie wird von Banken angeboten, um die Risiken im Außenhandelsgeschäft sowohl für den Exporteur als auch für den Importeur zu reduzieren. Die BPO ist eine unwiderrufliche Zahlungsverpflichtungserklärung der...

This study sheds light on small and medium-sized enterprise (SME) financing and its performance in Thailand. It elaborates on the key sources of finance existing for Thai manufacturing SMEs and their importance for SME performance as measured by technical efficiency, export performance, and...

Trade finance shortfalls now appear regularly. Does this matter for trade expansion and economic development in developing countries? Global trade finance has resumed following the 2009 global financial crisis. However, the pattern of recovery has been uneven across countries and categories of...