Many emerging economies seek to lower carbon intensity while remaining heavily dependent on fossil fuels. This paper examines how sustainable finance, eco-innovation, and the energy mix shape Tunisia's low-carbon transition. We use quarterly data for 2000-2023 and an econometric...

The fossil-fuel foreign policy of the United States under President Donald Trump has intensified the conflict between petrostates and electrostates in international climate politics. At COP30 in Belém in November 2025, this cleavage was particularly evident in the dispute over a roadmap for the...

Carbon leakage is a major concern in the design of unilateral climate policies aimed at reducing global emissions in a cost-effective manner. In order to assess the cost-effectiveness of anti-leakage measures, it is crucial to understand the fundamental mechanisms that contribute to leakage. We...

Retrofitting gas-fired power plants to accommodate low-carbon fuel blends offers a promising pathway to achieving deep decarbonization while leveraging the existing infrastructure and maintaining electricity supply reliability. This study presents a comprehensive techno-economic assessment of...

ubsidizing fossil fuel consumption is at odds with climate change mitigation and a heavy burden on public budgets. Yet, efforts to reform such subsidies often face strong public opposition. We examine whether informing citizens about the effects of fossil fuel subsidy reform (FFSR) and...

This study examines the connectedness and risk spillovers between G7 stock markets, oil (Brent, WTI, Gasoline, Heating Oil), and clean energy (S&P GCE, Rennix, Wilderhill) markets. Using the Quantile Frequency Connectedness framework, we assess interconnectedness across different market phases...

Central Asian economies, particularly Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan, are pursuing increasingly ambitious goals for renewable energy. Apart from China - an established player in the market - it has increasingly been Gulf countries that have been implementing respective projects, particularly Saudi...

We build a general equilibrium model to study how climate transition risks affect energy prices and the valuations of different firms in the energy sector. We consider two types of fossil fuel firms: incumbents that have developed oil reserves they can extract today or tomorrow, and new entrants...

Geopolitics is an overarching characteristic of much of this outlook for the key themes in the global energy economy in 2025. The start of Donald Trump’s second term in the White House will herald new pressures to multiple layers of the global economy, from trade to labour, monetary policy to...

This study develops an open-source model adapted from Python for Power System Analysis (PyPSA), to analyze transition pathways through 2030 and 2050, validated against 2019 national data for Thailand's fossil fuel-dominated power sector. Utilizing 30 km × 30 km resource potential, hourly demand...

Bangladesh's power sector faces significant challenges in meeting rising demand driven by economic growth. Despite achieving universal electrification, the sector remains heavily dependent on fossil fuels, particularly natural gas, creating energy security risks and environmental concerns. This...

This paper examines how donor countries can be motivated by self-interest to fund emission reductions in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). While not solving the broader climate cooperation problem, we propose pragmatic measures that do not require global consensus on future climate risks...

We study the interaction of climate policies and investments into fossil and renewable energy generation capacity under political uncertainty caused by democratic elections. We develop an overlapping generations model, where elected governments determine carbon taxation and green investment...

Global Stocktake is an important component of the global climate governance mechanism. The first Global Stocktake under the Paris Agreement in 2023 has clarified collective progress and identified the paths to bridge gaps, but its understanding in the academic and policy communities is not yet...

As the world's fourth most populous country, Indonesia presents challenges and opportunities for sustainable energy progress, offering a critical context to investigate green human development (GHD). This study uniquely contributes to the literature by employing the planetary pressures-adjusted...

China's rapid economic growth has made it the world's largest carbon emitter, creating urgent environmental challenges that require immediate attention. As urbanization advances, so does the energy demand, with a large proportion of that energy being provided by fossil fuels, which has further...

Climate-driven market interdependencies critically influence emission reduction strategies, yet the causal mechanisms linking carbon, fossil, and clean energy markets remain poorly quantified -a knowledge gap impairing risk-aware policymaking and sustainable investments. This study uses the...

The research examines China's changing energy sector dynamics to provide strategic direction for establishing a balanced, sustainable energy combination. The study examines China's renewable energy market by assessing the potential of renewable technologies, including wind and solar photovoltaic...

This study examines the impact of digital innovation and financial access on energy sustainability in China's energy sector from 2010 to 2021, focusing on artificial intelligence (AI) adoption and financial accessibility. Using a panel cointegration approach, the analysis finds that industrial...

This study intends to determine the part played by energy production from renewable as well as fossil energy resources towards energy resilience in China, based on the guidelines of the COPE-28. This research has examined the relationship between energy generation and economic growth FDI for the...

The worldwide matter of climate change, which has negative impacts on the Earth and its inhabitants, is attributed to the elevation in emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs) caused by the burning of fossil fuels. Due to the disproportionate rise of GHGs in recent decades, global warming and...

The economies of fossil fuel exporters are threatened by global efforts to transition away from using unabated fossil fuels. Producing clean hydrogen, for export or domestic use in manufacturing, provides a potentially major opportunity to continue exploiting their fossil fuel resources....