Methoden um die genetische Information von Organismen gezielt zu verändern sind im Begriff die Biologie und Medizin zu revolutionieren. Die neuste dieser Methoden, die sogenannte CRISPR-Technologie, vereint hohe Effizienz und Genauigkeit mit großer Einfachheit in der Anwendung. Diese Studie...

CRISPR, a breakthrough technology that can modify or screen DNA in almost any organism, has profoundly influenced innovation in a range of applications. Recognizing the importance of CRISPR, the 2020 Nobel Prize winning technology, the EFI commissioned this project to map the research,...

Der vorliegende Bericht an die Expertenkommission Forschung und Innovation untersucht Rechtsfragen, die sich im Kontext der Genomeditierung am Menschen stellen. Den Ausgangspunkt bildet eine vergleichende Analyse der Regulierung in Deutschland, Frankreich, Großbritannien, der Schweiz, den...

In this note, I address the trade-off between children's health and parental preference toward similarity with children. In my model, better-off individuals mate genetically close partners and then use wealth to treat their children's health problems, caused by inbreeding depression. As a...

Educational attainment (EA) is influenced by characteristics other than cognitive ability, but little is known about the genetic architecture of these "non-cognitive" contributions to EA. Here, we use Genomic Structural Equation Modelling and prior genome-wide association studies (GWASs) of EA...

The unavailability of potential stem cell donors poses a critical challenge for donor registries worldwide. This study investigates the impact of initiatives of a stem cell donor registry to enhance donors' availability for confirmatory typing. Initiatives ask donors to provide a sample for...

Innovating science and technology-based firms often endure a sustained period of uncertain intellectual property rights (IPR) protection before patents could be granted to their valuable knowledge assets. This problem is exacerbated, as firms increasingly develop their innovations or operate in...

Biologics accounted for roughly $145 billion in spending in 2018 (IQVIA, 2019). They are also the fastest growing segment of the pharmaceutical industry. The Biological Price Competition and Innovation Act (BPCIA) of 2010 created an abbreviated pathway for biosimilar products to promote price...

We empirically assess the potential financial impact of future gene therapies on the US economy. After identifying 109 late-stage gene therapy clinical trials currently underway, we estimate the number of new and existing patients with corresponding diseases to be treated by these gene...

Despite years of scientific effort to develop useful and safe biotech crops, ideologies have prevailed and genetically modified (GM-)crops have still not been fully accepted by today's society. This leads one to reflect on the role of Science in society, on what makes scientists credible, and...

Despite years of scientific effort to develop useful and safe biotech crops, ideologies have prevailed and genetically modified (GM-)crops have still not been fully accepted by today's society. This leads one to reflect on the role of Science in society, on what makes scientists credible, and...

As part of an international book on ethical tensions and agricultural biotechnology, this chapter discusses genetically modified food in the context of the recent federal labeling law (the National Bioengineered Food Disclosure Standard). It explores the ethical implications of genetically...

About 70 years ago early microbial genetic research revealed that inherited phenotypic traits become determined by DNA filaments composed of 4 different nucleotides that are linearly arranged. In the meantime we know that genes, the determinants of specific life functions, are genomic segments...

Recent advances have led to the discovery of specific genetic variants that predict educational attainment. We study how these variants, summarized as a genetic score variable, are associated with human capital accumulation and labor market outcomes in the Health and Retirement Study (HRS). We...

Recent advances in behavioral genetics have enabled the discovery of genetic scores linked to a variety of economic outcomes, including education. We build on this progress to demonstrate that the same genetic variants that predict educational attainment independently predict household wealth in...

This article presents a regulatory model that would regulate agricultural biotechnology on the basis of the product created and, then, on a tiered risk-based analysis. The article presents this model because United States regulatory agencies are currently reviewing their agricultural...

About 70 years ago early microbial genetic research revealed that inherited phenotypic traits become determined by DNA filaments composed of 4 different nucleotides that are linearly arranged. In the meantime we know that genes, the determinants of specific life functions, are genomic segments...

This article is about the need for more and more nutritious food, the potential genetic engineering technology has to contribute to a solution, the fact that this potential is blocked by regulation, which to my understanding is totally unjustified.

This paper explores the role of the EU in shaping transnational regulation of GMOs and attempts to establish whether the EU's system of governance prompts experimentalist solutions at the international level in this field. In order to accomplish this aim the paper analyses the relationship...

Recent advances have led to the discovery of specific genetic variants that predict educational attainment. We study how these variants, summarized as a genetic score variable, are associated with human capital accumulation and labor market outcomes in the Health and Retirement Study (HRS). We...

Networked technonationalism in the biomedical industry : mapping the global innovation and market context -- Knowledge and network typology : comparing national innovation systems and entrepreneurial ecosystems -- Classic technonationalism in Japan : beyond the "miracle" and "lost" decades --...

"This book explores the concept of genetic programming (GP), as supervised machine learning (ML) technique, from the theory to the computer implementation and, from the implementation to the application, and presents the complete process of using such ML technique in some real-world engineering...

"As development donors invest hundreds of millions of dollars into improved crops designed to alleviate poverty and hunger, Africa has emerged as the final frontier in the global debate over agricultural biotechnology. The first data-driven assessment of the ecological, social, and political...

This dissertation explores the ways in which genetically modified (GM) cotton seeds, rice seeds, and organic cotton seeds in Telangana, India set farmers on diverging economic, environmental, and social trajectories. GM cotton, a cash crop sold under hundreds of different brand names by private...