Was the collapse of world trade between 1928 and 1937 caused by higher transport costs, increased protectionism or the collapse of the gold standard? Using recent advances in the estimation of gravity equations, I examine the partial and general equilibrium effects of bilateral distance,...

What precisely were the causes and consequences of the trade wars in the 1930s? Were there perhaps deeper forces at work in reorienting global trade prior to the outbreak of World War II? And what lessons may this particular historical episode provide for the present day? To answer these...

"Drawing on an impressive range of archival material, this monograph delves into the careers of two businessmen who worked for Nordic chartered monopoly trading companies to illuminate individual entrepreneurship in the context of seventeenth-century long-distance trade. The study spans the...

"Villamar examines the role of Portuguese merchants in the formation of the Manila Galleon as a system of trade founded at the end of the sixteenth century. The rise of Manila as a crucial transshipment port was not a spontaneous incident. Instead, it came about through a complex combination of...

Introduction -- Institutions: Contracts and Legislation -- Trade and Insurance: Routes -- Trade and Insurance: Goods -- Trade and Insurance: Seacraft -- The Premium: Structural Factors -- The Premium: Contingent Factors -- The Florentine Insurance Market Within the European Context -- The Market...

"The eleven articles in this volume examine controversial subjects of central importance to medieval economic historians. Topics include the relative roles played by money and credit in financing the economy, whether credit could compensate for shortages of coin, and whether it could counteract...

The overall purpose of this thesis is to understand how and why networks played a significant role for the merchants and company traders of the Danish Asiatic Company (DAC) in their trade in China. To explore this, the following research questions will be answered:  From the perspective of...

Environment and trade -- Theoretical frameworks for analyzing the development of institutions in interaction with their environment -- Universal building blocks : itinerant traders, family firms, ships, and basic contracts -- Varying organizational building blocks : three institutions, three...

"A Commerce of Knowledge: Trade, Religion, and Scholarship between England and the Ottoman Empire, c.1600-1760 tells the story of three generations of Church of England chaplains who served the English Levant Company in Aleppo, Syria, during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. The book...

"Chocolate is one of the most visible examples of how a deeply exotic consumer product penetrating our daily lives fascinated Europeans during the Early Modern period. Today, over fifty percent of the four million tons of cocoa produced globally come from Sub-Saharan Africa. Ecuadorian cocoa, on...

"In City Intelligible Perlin marries a transcendental-critical philosophical approach with one historical and empirical in order to penetrate the culture of commodification dominating global societal development over many centuries prior to industrialisation. Commodification represents a dense...

Cover -- Half-title page -- Title page -- Copyright page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Colour Plates -- List of Figures -- List of Maps -- List of Tables -- Acknowledgements -- 1 Prologue -- Part I Emergence -- 2 Spain and New Spain -- 3 England and Virginia -- 4 France and New France -- Part II...

The morning twilight of China's marine culture--the significance of Hemudu culture on the exploration of the origin of the maritime Silk Road -- On the rise and fall of the Silk Road and the shift from the overland route to the sea route -- On the maritime Silk Road -- The role of ancient...

Intro -- Contents -- List of Figures and Tables -- Introduction -- One. Toward an Industry -- Two. Distance's Remedies -- Three. The Possibility of Unfree Markets -- Four. Pine Trees and Profits -- Five. Self-Sufficiency in a Bottle -- Conclusion -- Acknowledgments -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index.