We investigate whether consequential decisions made by judges are impacted by the gender composition of these judges peer group. We utilize the universe of decisions on juvenile defendants in each courthouse in Louisiana over 15 years. Leveraging random assignment of cases to judges, and...

Although there exists a large literature analyzing whether an individual’s peers have an impact on that individual’s own behavior and subsequent outcomes, there is paucity of research on whether peers influence a person’s decisions and judgments regarding a third party. We investigate...

Informal networks are formed by informal ties between actors. They can be defined as channels embedded in the respective culture that provides the general behavioral norms and ideals for interpersonal exchange. Network members have the privilege of access to favors. They can rely on mutual...

Informal networks, distinct from structural social networks, offer unstructured social ties providing individuals and organizations access to vital information and resources through personal relationships. Rooted in informal institutions and social capital, these networks intertwine with...

Although there exists a large literature analyzing whether an individual's peers have an impact on that individual's own behavior and subsequent outcomes, there is paucity of research on whether peers influence a person's decisions and judgments regarding a third party. We investigate whether...

In public good provision, privileged groups enjoy the advantage that some of its members find it optimal to supply a positive amount of the public good. However, their inherent asymmetric nature may make the enforcement of cooperative behavior through informal sanctioning harder to accomplish....

Although there exists a large literature analyzing whether an individual's peers have an impact on that individual's own behavior and subsequent outcomes, there is paucity of research on whether peers influence a person's decisions and judgments regarding a third party. We investigate whether...

A large cruise ship sinks after hitting some outcropping rocks near the shore. Who is to blame? In the face of negative events - accidents, corporate scandals, crises and bankruptcies - there are two organizational strategies for managing blame. The first is to take full responsibility for the...

"Breakthroughs in science and technology increasingly happen outside of firms in informal interorganizational communities of innovators. The effort of a group on a specific topic across firms, expertise, and geography can function as an emergent organizational form, capable of great...

Over the last few years, open source software (OSS) development has gained a huge popularity and has attracted a large variety of developers under its fold. According to software engineering folklore, the architecture and the organization of software depend on the communication patterns of the...

Informal Organizational Networks -- Contributions of Informal Networks to Organizational Change -- Re-assessing Perceptions of Informal Organizational Networks -- Capturing Informality in Organizations: Countervailing Processes

Using a nationally representative sample of college graduates, we estimate the post-collegiate labor market effects of fraternity and sorority membership during undergraduate tenure. We find that, after controlling for relevant factors, former sorority members’ labor market outcomes are...

This paper uses experimental data to test for a complementary relationship between formal regulations imposed on a community to conserve a local natural resource and nonbinding verbal agreements to do the same. Our experiments were conducted in the field in three regions of Colombia. Each group...

In public-good provision, privileged groups enjoy the advantage that some of their members find it optimal to supply a positive amount of the public good. However, the inherent asymmetric nature of these groups may make the enforcement of cooperative behavior through informal sanctioning harder...

Nowadays, we face new demands that have turned the teamwork into a crucial and stimulating issue. To stand firm in front of the surging pressure on the global market, the organizations should let go of their rigid hierarchical structures, in favor to more flexible organic configuration....

Informal inter-organizational networks provide manifold opportunities to organize the transfer of information, knowledge and technology between actors. Given their potential and their importance, the lack of theoretical discussion and empirical research on informal networks and their dynamics is...

ch. 1. The failure of business leadership -- ch. 2. The importance of influencers -- ch. 3. The importance of informal employee networks -- ch. 4. Balancing formal and informal employee networks -- ch. 5. Throwing out those tired old HR models -- ch. 6. Managing your business using informal...

This paper uses a unique data set containing detailed micro-information on organisations, managers, workers and volunteers belonging to public, private forprofit and private nonprofit institutions delivering social services in Italy. The analysis aims to estimate the determinants of wages across...

Literature has identified formal and informal channels in university technology transfer. While formal technology transfer typically involves a legal contract on a patent or on collaborative research activities, informal transfer channels refer to personal contacts and hence to the tacit...

Transparent decision-making processes are widely regarded as a prerequisite for the working of a representative democracy. It facilitates accountability, and citizens may suspect that decisions, if taken behind closed doors, do not promote their interests. Why else the secrecy? We provide a...

In public good provision, privileged groups enjoy the advantage that some of its members find it optimal to supply a positive amount of the public good. However, their inherent asymmetric nature may make the enforcement of cooperative behavior through informal sanctioning harder to accomplish....

Transparent decision-making processes are widely regarded as a prerequisite for the working of a representative democracy. It facilitates accountability, and citizens may suspect that decisions, if taken behind closed doors, do not promote their interests. Why else the secrecy? We provide a...