As central banks explore issuing digital currencies for public use, a critical design challenge is how to protect the privacy of the granular data trails digital payments leave behind. While privacy is widely recognised as a goal, policy debates often frame it as a trade-off with crime...

Political debates, campaigns, and advertising increasingly take place on online platforms. However, research on election communication has been significantly hampered as formerly accessible data sources have been withdrawn or commercialised. With the implementation of the EU Digital Services Act...

Millions of parents across Europe use mobile baby-tracking applications. These digital aides generate intimate data sets by accessing sensitive information about (un)born babies, pregnancies, and family caregiving routines. Crucially, the tracking infrastructures embedded in these apps enable...

Consumer consent regulation is the cornerstone of modern data privacy regulation such as the European GDPR and the Californian CCPA. By ensuring that consumers can reject any harmful data collection, the regulation seems an effective tool for protecting consumers against price discrimination. By...

In this article, we analyse the controversies leading up to and following Meta's introduction of the infamous "pay or okay model" for Facebook and Instagram users in the European Union/European Economic Area (EU/EEA) region. In particular, we focus on the central role of the Norwegian data...

Heterogeneous search costs enable price discrimination, which I study in the canonical Wolinsky (1986) sequential search setting. Firms observe a public signal of a consumer's search cost before posting a personalized price. The welfare effects of search-cost-based price discrimination depend on...

Available open access digitally under CC-BY-NC-ND licence. Mobile apps have transformed how we live, work and connect – but at what cost? This book examines the immense power Apple and Google wield over society, arising from their control of app stores as well as mobile operating systems and...

Machine learning credit scoring expands the informational frontier of retail lending, particularly for thin file borrowers, yet it also erodes the practical meaning of disclosure duties that anchor consumer protection and prudential oversight. The central financial implication is that...

The European debate over personal data trading has become trapped between two unworkable extremes: the status quo of allowing platforms unfettered access to user data, or making data sharing so difficult it is effectively banned. Neither position serves consumers' interests. Personal data...

Platformisation and the growing adoption of AI-driven systems have intensified pervasive data extraction and appropriation that bring distinct harms for both individuals and societies at large. Yet, little is known about how distinct harm perceptions shape citizens' preferences for different...

The current debate on EU copyright law and AI training must move beyond the creative sector to include the wider European economy. While the rights of creators are legitimate and must be protected, the rules governing data use for AI models have far-reaching economic consequences. At its core,...

"This pioneering book examines the legal, economic, and technological foundations of the proposed digital euro, and explores the potential design of an EU Central Bank Digital Currency (CBDC). Annelieke A.M. Mooij provides insights into the suggested legal framework behind the digital euro, as...

Governments worldwide are increasingly regulating how data is collected, transferred and stored to advance public interest objectives, including privacy, national security, taxation of the digital economy, and competition in the emerging artificial intelligence (AI) field. However, recent...

This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of FinTok influencers in preventing online travel scams by enhancing consumer trust, financial literacy, and data privacy concerns. The research examines how these influencers can contribute to improving consumer protection and safety in digital...

Objective of this research is to find out the relationship between customers' perceptions of an organization's privacy information practices and their information-sharing intention in the context of omnichannel retailing. The study aimed to address the gap in research regarding privacy concerns...

We examine the trade-off between functionality and data privacy inherent in many AI products by conducting a randomized survey experiment with 1,734 participants from the US and several European countries. Participants' willingness to adopt a hypothetical, AI-enhanced app is measured under three...

We examine the trade-off between functionality and data privacy inherent in many AI products by conducting a randomized survey experiment with 1,734 participants from the US and several European countries. Participants' willingness to adopt a hypothetical, AI-enhanced app is measured under three...

Privacy regulations like the General Data Protection Regulation aim to empower consumers with greater transparency and control over their personal data. In response, firms may exercise price discrimination in the form of versioning. This paper studies how these two aspects of privacy regulation...

The emergence of mobile applications (apps) that utilize sharing economy concepts has revolutionized multiple industries, including transportation, accommodation, healthcare, and other sectors. With the nature of massive data collection and sharing policies, these platforms create serious...

We study how privacy regulations impact information transmission. A receiver faces a decision whose payoff depends on an unknown state. A platform sends a message to her given a sensitive and a nonsensitive signal. Privacy loss occurs when the receiver updates about the former. When privacy is...

The introduction of the EU's General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) in 2018 created conditions that could raise the cost of trading services with the EU, especially where cross-border transfers of personal data are required. This paper examines whether the GDPR has truly affected trade in...

'The advertising industry's anticipated shift away from third-party cookies led to the proliferation and normalisation of first-party identification architectures online. Marketed as 'privacy-friendly,' the new technologies promise to deliver the efficiencies that advertisers have become...