Even though the six Western Balkan countries (WB6) have close political ties with the EU, their alignment with the EU’s Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP) has in­creasingly come into focus since the beginning of the Russian war of aggression in Ukraine. The EU should take a...

In recent weeks, Japan’s government under Prime Minister Kishida Fumio has im­plemented significant adjustments to the country’s security policy. In December 2022, Tokyo published a new National Security Strategy along with two other defence-related strategic documents. In doing so, the...

India has risen internationally since the 1990s. The most important reasons for this success are its economic reforms since 1991 and new inter­national constellations since the East-West conflict. Both have earned the country a significantly greater say on global issues, but India’s rise is...

The issue of internal security has become increasingly complex over the past decades. As there is an increasing overlap between private and public provision of security, the question of how to allocate responsibility for security between the public sphere (state) and the private sphere has...

The West's diminished belief in its own transformative capabilities has led to a preference for stabilisation over statebuilding interventions. This working paper explores how this has led to an increased Western focus on applying distance between the intervening state and the subject of...

Der Ukrainekrieg verändert die Lage in Europa grundlegend. Die Militärausgaben steigen nun seit langem wieder an und die Abhängigkeit von fossilen Energieträgern wird offensichtlich. Die erwartete Zahl der Geflüchteten wird die der Jugoslawien- und Syrienkriege vermutlich bei weitem...

The issue of internal security has become increasingly complex over the past decades. As there is an increasing overlap between private and public provision of security, the question of how to allocate responsibility for security between the public sphere (state) and the private sphere has...

India has risen internationally since the 1990s. The most important reasons for this success are its economic reforms since 1991 and new international constellations since the East-West conflict. Both have earned the country a significantly greater say on global issues, but India's rise is quite...

Since the Korean War of 1950–53, the security architecture of the region previously referred to as the “Asia-Pacific” has been based on a US-led sys­tem of bilateral alliances known as the “hub-and-spokes” system. A multi­lateral system of collective defence, similar to NATO in...

The purpose of this paper is to review recent research on China’s foreign policy under president Xi Jinping since the announcement of the Belt and Road Initiative, analyzing the links of military power, political and economic interests to identify overarching strategic links that account for a...

Indien ist seit den 1990er Jahren international aufgestiegen. Die wichtigsten Ursachen dieses Erfolgs waren die Wirtschaftsreformen seit 1991 und die neuen internationalen Konstellationen nach dem Ost-West-Konflikt. Beides verschaffte dem Land in globalen Fragen deutlich mehr Gewicht. Allerdings...

Italy’s role in the Libyan-US clash caused by Muammar Gaddafi’s support for international terrorism in the mid-1980s is a controversial issue whose treatment by Italian historians and scholars has been made difficult by the lack of relevant and reliable sources. This paper, based on...

Indien ist seit den 1990er Jahren international aufgestiegen. Die wichtigsten Ursachen dieses Erfolgs waren die Wirtschaftsreformen seit 1991 und die neuen internationalen Konstellationen nach dem Ost-West-Konflikt. Beides verschaffte dem Land in globalen Fragen deutlich mehr Gewicht. Allerdings...

Contemporary security challenges in Africa had encouraged the expansion of the mandates of the Regional Economic Communities (RECs). However, new and emerging security threats appeared not to have been adequately covered by the peace and security architecture of these RECs. In reality, only...

Besides the more obvious threats and impediments to human security posed by conflict or natural disaster, a central problem in examining and addressing multiple insecurities in Southeast Asia is at what level. Each country confronts a different context of human security and faces a host of...

This essay demonstrates that, because of the flexible definition of “security,” certain interests have the potential to fall in and out of the definition, and thus in and out of securities regulation. This essay coins this potentiality “shapeshifting.” The phenomenon of shapeshifting...

During membership, the UK was the leading protagonist of ‘disrupted integration’ within the Area of Freedom, Security and Justice. Part 3 of the Trade and Cooperation Agreement (TCA) replaces differentiation with a ‘new old’ form of intergovernmental cooperation in justice and home...

This chapter explores pertinent international trends in decision and articulates contemporary discourse in the discrete domain of the relationship between smart technologies and human security and global justice. The fundamental aim of the chapter is to assess the rather rapidly developing...

Since the advent of the nuclear age, scholars have sought to provide rationales behind decisions to pursue, forgo, or relinquish nuclear weapons programs. Security, status, cost, technical capabilities, and domestic considerations have played central roles in explaining those choices. Classical...

The purpose of this work is to identify the features of the foreign policy of the Republic of North Macedonia in the context of a regional Security Complex Formation with a determining role of external actors based on the analysis of the State's foreign policy activities evolution. Regional...

As is now well documented, aid is given for both political as well as economic reasons. The conventional wisdom is that politically-motivated aid is less effective in promoting developmental objectives. We examine the ex-post performance ratings of World Bank projects and generally find that...

This paper studies a three player hierarchical differential game (with a large country, a small country, and a terrorist organization), to analyze the actual European refugee situation. Terrorists may enter Europe as refugees, taking advantage of the Open Door Policy, to attack both countries....

With the change of government in 2019 to a Social Democratic leadership, the future of Danish foreign and security strategy is uncertain - not only its substance but also whether dedicated strategizing will be continued. This question is only becoming more urgent with the global reach of the...

Turkey-NATO relations are still sufficiently strong to keep the relationship from the brink, a new DIIS-report finds. But more dynamics are also gaining strength to render further troubles increasingly likely. The future of Turkey's NATO membership has been the subject of heated debate of late,...

Militärische Interventionen werden zunehmend durch Sanktionen ersetzt, um außenpolitische Ziele der globalen Sicherheit zu verfolgen. Beide Mittel verursachen ökonomische Kosten. Anhand des Gravitationsmodells des internationalen Handels und eines allgemeinen Gleichgewichtsmodells...