Herbert Zech, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, fällt insgesamt ein positives Urteil zum Patentschutz: Er ermögliche technische Innovation in Bereichen, in denen sich Entwicklungsaktivitäten wegen leichter Nachahmbarkeit und hohen Investitionsbedarfs ansonsten nicht lohnen würden....

Are IPRs institutions meant to foster innovative activities or conversely to secure appropriation and profitability? Taking stock of a long-term empirical evidence on the pharmaceutical sector in the US, we can hardly support IPRs intended as an innovation rewarding institution. According to our...

Introduction -- Framing the boundaries of the glocal space in the international intellectual property system -- The glocal space in International Copyright Law -- The glocal space In International Patent Law -- The glocal space in International Trademark Law -- The glocal space in International...

This paper attempts to give an overview of the debate surrounding the patentability of new therapeutic uses for known active ingredients, both in developed and developing countries. After close scrutiny of international patentability standards, this paper concludes that second medical uses do...

Under the Agreement on Trade-Related Intellectual Property Rights, the World Trade Organization members are required to enforce product patents for pharmaceuticals. In this paper, we empirically investigate the welfare effects of this requirement on developing countries using data for the...

Chapter 1. Understanding and Benefiting from Intellectual Property in International Business: A Beginning -- Part I: Intellectual Property Fundamentals -- Chapter 2. Intellectual Property Theories -- Chapter 3. Intellectual Property Systems -- Part II: Intellectual Property Environments --...

Complex interoperability protocols such as Wi-Fi, Bluetooth and DVD have become known throughout the developed world by simple and memorable names, many of which have been protected as trademarks, service marks and certification marks. This chapter describes different approaches that have been...

This document discusses criteria for implementing the patentability requirements in relation to patent applications covering products and processes, as well as the use of pharmaceutical products. The adoption of rigorous criteria with this purpose is important for four main reasons.

Until recently, the link between the examination of patents carried out by national patent offices and the right of citizens to access to medicines was not at all clear. They were two functions or responsibilities of the State that apparently had nothing to do with each other. Examining the...

Until recently, the link between the examination of patents carried out by national patent offices and the right of citizens to access to medicines was not at all clear. They were two functions or responsibilities of the State that apparently had nothing to do with each other. Examining the...

This paper analyzes firms' choices regarding the geographic scope of patent protection within the European patent system. We develop an econometric model at the patent level to quantify the impact of office fees and translation costs on firms' decision to validate a patent in a particular...

"Economic growth has traditionally been attributed to the increase in national production arising from technological innovation. Nevertheless, the relationship between patents and economic growth remains uncertain. This relationship, which forms the focus of this book, is examined by means of a...

With the America Invents Act of 2011, the U.S. changed its patent-issuing rule from first-to-invent to first-to-file, the international norm. We investigate the effect of such a policy change in a two-country model of R&D competition for two sequential (basic and final) inventions. We find that...

With the America Invents Act of 2011, the U.S. changed its patent-issuing rule from first-to-invent to first-to-file, the international norm. We investigate the effect of such a policy change in a two-country model of R&D competition for two sequential (basic and final) inventions. We find that...

Protection Against Unfair Competition in the WTO TRIPS Agreement: The Scope and Prospects of Article 10bis of the Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property -- Copyright -- Dedication -- Contents -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- Abbreviations -- Table of Cases -- Source Guide --...

Competition and Intellectual Property Law in the Pharmaceutical Sector' deals with the apparent contradiction between intellectual property (IP) rights (particularly patents) and competition law, with a focus on the pharmaceutical sector: in its aim to promote innovation and long-term...

Introduction -- Test Data Exclusivity: Raison d'être -- Test Data Exclusivity and Art 39(3) TRIPS -- Test Data Exclusivity in the US and the EU -- Index of Data Exclusivity and Access (IDEAS) -- Free Trade Agreements -- Index of Data Exclusivity and Access (IDEAS) -- National Laws -- Test Data...

This paper analyzes the setting of national patent policies in the global economy. In the standard model with free trade and social-welfare-maximizing governments à la Grossman and Lai (2004), cross-border positive policy externalities induce individual countries to select patent strengths that...

This paper analyzes the setting of national patent policies in the global economy. In the standard model with free trade and social-welfare-maximizing governments à la Grossman and Lai (2004), cross-border positive policy externalities induce individual countries to select patent strengths that...

This paper analyses the role of patent-filing fees requested by the member states of the European Patent Convention (EPC). We provide first empirical evidence showing that the fee elasticity of the demand for priority applications is negative and significant. Given the strong variation in...

This paper analyzes the setting of national patent policies in the global economy. In the standard model with free trade and social-welfare-maximizing governments à la Grossman and Lai (2004), cross-border positive policy externalities induce individual countries to select patent strengths that...