While many studies analyzed effects of sustainability standards - such as Fairtrade or Rainforest Alliance - on smallholder farmers in developing countries, most did not sufficiently account for systematic differences between certified and non-certified farmers. Certified farmers are typically...

The study considers the relationship between trade liberalization and economic growth among three sub-Saharan African countries: Ghana, Nigeria, and Cote d'Ivoire. We find no statistically significant increase in the economic growth of the countries following trade liberalization. However,...

The purpose of the evaluation is to provide a comprehensive and independent assessment of the European Union (EU)’s past and present cooperation in Ivory Coast, in order to draw key lessons and make recommendations for the future, including within the context of joint programming between the...

This study investigates the relationship between financial development and economic growth in the Ivory Coast over the period from 1961 to 2014. The final goal of this research is to develop a procedure to identify the effects of financial reforms for the Ivory Coast economic growth. Therefore,...

This study investigates the relationship between financial development and economic growth in the Ivory Coast over the period from 1961 to 2014. The final goal of this research is to develop a procedure to identify the effects of financial reforms for the Ivory Coast economic growth. Therefore,...

Today the assets of foreign investors are protected by three distinct yet overlapping pillars: diplomatic pressure applied by the home state; political risk insurance purchased by the investor; and investor-host state legal arbitration. These pillars represent mutually reinforcing approaches to...

All end-June performance criteria and indicative targets under the ECF arrangement were met, and all structural benchmarks were completed, albeit with minor delays. However, there was a nonobservance of the continuous performance criterion on the ceiling on new nonconcessional external debt in...

In Ivory Coast, mining is one of the major sources of income for local people. Because of mining, jobs have been created thus increasing employment opportunities in rural regions. Moreover, this is a job that does not require a lot of skills, so a lot of people are able to join at the same time...

This independent report – with the wealth and breadth of knowledge it puts forward and the quality of the analysis it presents – gives us a research-based perspective on the post-2015 challenges we face.

This evaluation covers Trade-Related Assistance (TRA) provided by the EU from 2004 to 2010. TRA relates to AfT category 1, trade policy and regulation; category 2, trade development; to category 5, trade-related adjustment activities relevant to TRA; and to category 6, other trade-related needs....

The objective of thisstudy is to evaluatethe impact ofclimate change ongroundwater resourcesin the N’zi-Bandamawatershed using the model of Maillet.The estimatedrecession coefficientsvaryfrom 3.14.10-2j-1 to 3.56.10-2 j-1 on sideof 1968, showing an increasingof15.26p.c. and underlining a...

One of the pillars of food security in developing countries is the accessibility to food. Over the last decade, world food market experienced events during which food prices increased significantly. The periods of high food prices were also accompanied by a high degree of volatility in prices....