In this paper we study a class of weighted estimands, which we define as parameters that can be expressed as weighted averages of the underlying heterogeneous treatment effects. The popular ordinary least squares (OLS), two-stage least squares (2SLS), and two-way fixed effects (TWFE) estimands...

Regressors often have heterogeneous effects in the social sciences, implying unit-specific slopes. OLS is frequently applied to these correlated coefficient models. I first show that without restrictions on the relation between slopes and regressors, OLS estimates can take any value including...

In this paper we study a class of weighted estimands, which we define as parameters that can be expressed as weighted averages of the underlying heterogeneous treatment effects. The popular ordinary least squares (OLS), two-stage least squares (2SLS), and two-way fixed effects (TWFE) estimands...

This paper presents an empirical analysis of the relationship between the corporate income tax (CIT) and the growth of total factor productivity (TFP) within European firms. Using data from the AMADEUS database over the 2005-2013 period, I measure the TFP of each firm using Wooldridge's (2009)...

Empirical models for intensive or extensive margins of trade that relate measures of exports to firm characteristics are usually estimated by variants of (generalized) linear models. Usually, the firm characteristics that explain these export margins enter the empirical model in linear form,...

Empirical models for intensive or extensive margins of trade that relate measures of exports to firm characteristics are usually estimated by variants of (generalized) linear models. Usually, the firm characteristics that explain these export margins enter the empirical model in linear form,...

We consider integrated modified least squares estimation for systems of cointegrating multivariate polynomial regressions, i. e., systems of regressions that include deterministic variables, integrated processes and products of these variables as regressors. The errors are allowed to be...

The use of digital technologies like artificial intelligence, robotics, or smart devices can be expected to go hand in hand with higher productivity and lower trade costs, and, therefore, to be positively related to export activities. This paper uses firm level data for manufacturing enterprises...

Knowledge and innovation have become a significant source of modern regional development. The paper aims to study the spatial association of innovation and model innovation, besides critiquing regional innovation policy, using the regional knowledge production function approach. At the level of...

This paper shows that the integrated modified OLS (IM-OLS) estimator developed for cointegrating linear regressions in Vogelsang and Wagner (2014a) can be straightforwardly extended to cointegrating multivariate polynomial regressions. These are regression models that include as explanatory...

This study investigates the dynamic causal relationship between electricity consumption and economic growth in the East African Community (1990-2021). It seeks to interrogate the nature of relationship between electricity consumption and economic growth. The hypothesis used in this study is four...

Artificial intelligence (AI) has radically changed companies' vision of business development, based on its widespread assimilation in key organisational processes. However, in organisational practice, the implementation of AI has generated major challenges, such as those related to the high need...

The paper considers two estimators for the linear random effects panel data model with known heteroskedasticity. Examples where heteroskedasticity can be treated as given include panel regression with averaged data, meta regression and the linear probability model. While one estimator builds on...

This paper aims to examine the role of economic diplomacy in attracting foreign capital to emerging countries, by developing a composite index measuring diplomatic activity. We focus on what extent does economic diplomacy influence the inflow of foreign capital to emerging countries. Then, we...

Karpowitz et al. (2024) examine the effect of racial diversity on group decisionmaking. The authors used OLS regression to analyze 2,694 citizens randomly assigned to 449 mock juries who are tasked to make decisions, and they find that the number of the people of color (POC) affects private...

In the presence of fixed threshold effects, the least squares (LS) estimator of the threshold parameter poses challenges for statistical inference due to its non-standard limiting distribution, which also presents challenges for bootstrap methods. To address this issue, we propose a novel...

We revisit the finite-sample behavior of just-identified instrumental variables (IV) estimators, arguing that in most microeconometric applications, just-identified IV bias is negligible and the usual inference strategies likely reliable. Three widely-cited applications are used to explain why...