In response to relatively little evidence on the determinants of the financial distress in cooperative financial institutions (e.g., Credit Unions), this paper proposes a distress indicator of Merton Distance to default (Merton DD), which was constructed with a z-score, possessed improved...

Ecuador's credit unions or COACs play a key role inside the local economy, and the pandemic period has shown the weakness of the entities. Understanding the efficiency of the country's largest COACs and the different factors related to it can provide important information for policymakers and...

Cooperatives are considered to have provided benefits and advantages for the community who are members of the cooperative especially, both households, community groups and business actors. However, with the development of the world economy, the existence of cooperatives is now considered to be...

What happens to personal credit interest rates banks charge when a credit union operates in a location? We gather a unique dataset from the Brazilian Central Bank containing 370,383 location-month observations from 6,225 distinct locations and estimate dynamic panels of determinants of bank...

Between 1996 and 2017, regulatory changes led to over a thousand credit unions converting to community charters. These changes significantly increased and diversified credit union membership, which now consists of 108 million members, or roughly one-third of the U.S. population. This study...

Nonprofit banks in the U.S. are primarily organized as credit unions (CUs) and have grown steadily over the last two decades, increasing their share of total lending to U.S. households. This paper studies the economic effects of banking with CUs using consumer credit report data merged to...

Banking is the bedrock supporting all other Canadian industries. Without a robust, healthy banking industry, liquidity and investment in other industries will dry up. Stability is therefore a key pillar of financial sector policy. Regulatory barriers to entry have to a significant degree...

The aim of the research presented in the article was to analyse the legitimacy of the use of scoring models in banking activities, together with the assessment of the effectiveness of this tool in reducing the high value of the NPL ratio in Polish cooperative banks on the example of banks...

The main aim of the research was to determine the key factors determining the level of credit risk of individual clients (clients in the form of natural persons, excluding companies) on the example of Polish cooperative banks according to the following features: transaction characteristics,...

Building on the corporate reputation model, this study investigates the drivers of customer-based corporate reputation. We consider two corporate reputation dimensions (i.e., the cognitive dimension competence and the affective dimension likeability, and their effects on customer satisfaction...

This study investigates the thematic content of Facebook disclosures from small local banks (SLBs) in Poland, their impact on Facebook users' attention, and the economic repercussions for SLBs' growth and performance. Based on the specificity of SLBs and existing empirical evidence, it...

We exploit an exogenous change in the coverage of insured deposits following the passage of the Emergency Economic Stabilization Act (2008) to investigate the impact of deposit insurance on the volume, composition and quality of credit union lending. Using a difference-in-difference approach, we...

In the recent past Saving and Credit Cooperatives Societies (SACCOs) have gained popularity in Kenya due to high interest rates charged by commercial banks and this has made borrowers to shift their focus to SACCOs due to their fixed interest rates on loans. In regard to dividend payment SACCOs...

In the recent past Saving and Credit Cooperatives Societies (SACCOs) have gained popularity in Kenya due to high interest rates charged by commercial banks and this has made borrowers to shift their focus to SACCOs due to their fixed interest rates on loans. In regard to dividend payment SACCOs...

This paper examined the relationship of governance and financial parameters for scheduled urban cooperative banks in India. Governance related parameters such as participation in annual general meetings, low or nil presence of family members in boards, training of staff, etc. were found to have...

In this paper we use non-parametric envelopment methods to determine whether the demographic composition of the board of directors effects the efficiency in which credit unions offer loans and savings products to their members. We find strong evidence credit unions with boards where the majority...

Beginning in 2011, credit unions in the United States have been required to report in their quarterly call reports their holdings of private student loans. Since this time, private student loans have been the fastest growing loan product among credit unions. The empirical results here indicate...

Given the in-built risks relating to leverage, liquidity, and fiduciary liability in banking, apartfrom tightly regulating the banks, many the jurisdictions have also put in place depositguarantee schemes for bank customers. However, a deposit guarantee scheme provides a restricted coverage, and...

Credit unions (CUs) may respond to a financial shock differently than other types of banks because of their unique membership-based governance structure. We exploit the financial crisis of 2008/09 as a negative shock to Brazilian banks and analyze the lending behavior of CUs in comparison to...

Credit unions compete directly with commercial banks in markets for consumer financial services yet receive an exemption from federal corporate income tax. Commercial banks claim that credit unions are no different than banks and that the credit union tax exemption represents an unfair...

In a highly competitive environment, operational efficiency is an important factor for the survival of any organisation and banks are no exception. A comparative assessment of Cost Income Ratio (CIR) shows that the behaviour of CIR and its relationships with other vital financial parameters of...

Co-operatives are successful business organisations all over the world and have a presence in almost all spheres of economic activities, including banking and financial services. The success of co-operatives shows that it is possible to simultaneously pursue both economic viability and social...

Objective - Considerable research indicates that during times of prolonged low interest rates, commercial bank lending channels are less effective in conveying the impact of expansionary monetary policies. What is the impact of easy money policy through lending channels of non-banking financial...

Financial theory indicates that low interest rates hamper credit risk and profitability, two interrelated components of banks' balance sheets. Using a simultaneous equations framework, we investigate the effects of euro area monetary easing on cooperative banks' performance depending on their...

An inclusive involvement of the entirety of the population is the desirable model of development. Each local society and community has its own features and interests and there is a need of organisations that are capable of catering them. The cooperative form of organisation is suited in...

The purpose of this paper is to study the awareness level and utilization of various cooperative banking services in rural area especially Dakshina Kannada district of Karnataka. In India, most of the states are agriculture dominated, especially in rural area, cooperative banks play a key role...

The Credit Union (CU) sector is concentrated and has a significant number (129) of institutions. CU sector's loan portfolio is concentrated mainly in consumer loans. The prudential and market conduct situation of the CU sector present weaknesses. The legal framework for CUs is outdated (from...

Der "St. Tönis Tack’scher Spar- und Darlehnskassenverein eingetragene Genossenschaft mit unbeschränkter Haftung" war 1895 Teil einer Gründungswelle kleiner Spar- und Darlehnskassen. Die genossenschaftliche Bank ist mitterweile in der Volksbank Krefeld aufgegangen. 1932 war sie...