This chapter deals with the question of whether labour standards are less relevant or more relevant for the new world of work which is vastly different from the old world of work when most labour standards were first established. The various rationales for labour standards are first outlined....

This paper documents the emergence and growth of digital labour markets in Eastern Europe. It shows that the development of two types of digital work – online work through online labour platforms and offline work mediated by mobile apps – have a different history, root causes and dynamics....

In dieser Studie geben wir einen Überblick über die neue Europäische Arbeitsbehörde (ELA), ihre Ziele und Befugnisse, und nehmen eine erste Analyse der ELA vor. Die ELA hat einerseits das weitreichende und wichtige Ziel, die Rechte mobiler Arbeitnehmer*innen in der EU besser durchzusetzen,...

In this study, we provide an overview of the recently established European Labour Authority (ELA), its goals and powers, before offering a preliminary analysis of ELA. In brief, ELA is an agency with the broad and important objective of improving the enforcement of mobile workers’ rights in...

The International Labour Organisation was found in the year 1919 and became the first UN Specialized Agency. It was a very aspirational organization similar to India back then. India being a founding member commemorates its 100 years of association this year. When one takes a step back and looks...

(Korean Abstract) 국제 무역협정에서 ‘무역’은 단순히 상품이 국경을 넘어 이동하는 경우를 넘어 국가간 공통된 경제 거버넌스의 문제로 확대되어왔다. 그중 국제무역에서의 노동기준은 오랫동안 논란이 되어온 사안이며...

This paper analyses the relationship between compliance with trade union rights and donors’ aid decisions as evidenced through multi-bilateral contributions to the ILO and a database of Labour Rights’ Indicators. Despite trade union rights being a fundamental worker right that all ILO Member...

As globalization gathered pace over the last four decades, workers’ rights advocates championed the use of trade rules and market access as leverage to encourage respect for labor standards, at home and abroad. The purpose of this chapter is to explore the strategies and politics of the actors...

The International Labour Organisation has played a significant role in promoting international labour standards.India, being a member of the ILO ever since its formation, has effectively contributed to the codification of such standards.India has similarly been benefiting from these standards in...

This paper offers a legal and an economic analysis of collective dismissals procedures. First, it explains the economic rationale for having collective dismissal procedures in place, in light of the fact that labour markets are not perfect. Second, it overviews the international labour standards...

The COVID-19 pandemic triggered renewed interest in the use of different fiscal spending and transfer programmes to address the worsening conditions and deepening inequalities within the labour markets. This paper reviews the role of specific fiscal spending and transfer programmes in shaping...

The concept of globalization is inextricably vast and has many contexts related to it. Globalization can be defined under factors like economics, socio-economic, cultural, technological, etc. In other words, globalization is a term that repercussions numerous interrelated issues with respect to...

Labour provisions in trade agreements have been criticised for minimal effectiveness in improving employment conditions. Five recent cases point to some benefits and to the lessons on when and how labour provisions can be effective. They make a difference in particular economic and political...

The article presents a novel normative model of shared responsibility for remedying unjust labor conditions and protecting workers’ rights in global supply chains. While existing literature on labor governance in the globalized economy tends to focus on empirical and conceptual investigations,...

The question of whether global norms are experiencing a crisis allows for two concurrent answers. From a facticity perspective, certain global norms are under crisis, given their world-wide lack of implementation and effectiveness. From a validity perspective, however, a crisis is not obvious,...

The COVID-19 pandemic triggered renewed interest in the use of different fiscal spending and transfer programmes to address the worsening conditions and deepening inequalities within the labour markets. This paper reviews the role of specific fiscal spending and transfer programmes in shaping...

This paper discusses how an industrialized country could defend the wages and social benefits of its unskilled workers against wage competition from immigrants. It shows that fixing social standards harms the workers and that fixing social replacement incomes implies migration into unemployment....

COVID-19 pandemic has thrown labor markets into disarray, both globally and in Indonesia. The social restrictions and associated economic downturn are having massive negative effects on workers, and prospects for the economy as well as the quantity and quality of employment are deteriorating...

The orthodox rationale for labour standards provisions in EU free trade agreements (FTAs) finds its origin in the EU’s ambition to promote human rights abroad, especially in developing and least developed countries. Based on this understanding, legal and empirical evaluations of labour...

Voluntary standards have become a promising mode of governance to promote sustainable production and consumption in global value chains. Despite a growing number of studies on consumers' preferences for sustainable products, insufficient attention has been paid to the heterogeneity of existing...

Multinational Corporations (MNCs) have been at the centre at the centre of scandals over poor labour standards. In many parts of the world, workers are subjected to bad working conditions. This paper advocates for the strengthening of the extant labour standard regime

This paper unpacks the role of the domestic content of imports as a novel source of policy interdependence along the global supply chain. We show how a rise in local contents embodied in imports can skew national trade policy preferences, and pull upstream and downstream countries in asymmetric...

Multinational enterprises (MNEs) increasingly impose "Responsible Sourcing" (RS) standards on their suppliers worldwide, including requirements on worker compensation, benefits and working conditions. Are these policies just "hot air" or do they impact exposed suppliers and their workers? What...

This paper uses a sample of 1243 international firms for the period 2013-2017 to analyse the effect that a greater presence of women in management teams has on business behaviour in relation to labour and human rights, and the mediating role of improved performance in these rights on corporate...