Während die Staatsangehörigkeit bei Erwachsenen nur wenig über den Stand der Integration aussagt, ist sie bei Kindern ein guter Indikator für eine nur kurz zurückliegende Migrationsgeschichte. So erhalten seit der Reform des Staatsangehörigkeitsrechts im Jahr 2000 alle in Deutschland zur...

Neben den eigenen Steuereinnahmen bestimmt der kommunale Finanzausgleich die finanzielle Situation der Gemeinden. Die Finanzzuweisungen des Landes erhöhen die Finanzkraft der kommunalen Ebene und bewirken eine gleichmäßigere Verteilung unter den Gemeinden. Der Beitrag analysiert den Einfluss...

In this paper, we develop a new index labelled the African Women Vulnerability Index (AWVI) with a focus on rural women using Round 7 of the Afrobarometer Survey. The AWVI comprises 59 indicators in six dimensions namely: safety, empowerment, health, education, economic prosperity and...

We study the effects of increased school spending in rural American school districts by leveraging the introduction and subsequent expansion of Wisconsin's Sparsity Aid Program. We find that the program, which provides additional state funding to small and isolated school districts, increased...

The present study aims to identify the demographic variables that influence rural customers' decision-making rules in the process of purchasing fast-moving consumer goods (FMCGs) products. Five FMCG personal care products are taken into consideration for the study. A multistage proportionate...

Für die Entwicklung des Wirtschaftsstandorts Deutschland ist die Metall- und Elektrobranche von zentraler Bedeutung. Sie leistet wichtige Beiträge im Bereich Wertschöpfung, Produktion und Beschäftigung. Aufgrund ihrer hohen Forschungs-, Entwicklungs- und Innovationstätigkeit für die...

Da die Beamtenpopulation deutlich älter als die Gesamtbevölkerung ist, gehen die kohortenstarken Jahrgänge bereits in den Ruhestand. Allein in den letzten 10 Jahren haben sich die jährlichen Versorgungsausgaben der Gebietskörperschaften um 50 Prozent erhöht, wovon insbesondere die...

In this paper, we develop an overlapping generation model with imperfect competition and land to provide a theoretical foundation for some empirical observations made since the end of the 1970s. The problem is that these new 'stylized facts' do not coincide with Kaldor's stylized facts and...

How do modern fiscal states arise? Perhaps the most dominant explanation, based on the European experience, is that democratic institutions that limited the extractive power of states-exemplified by the 1688 Glorious Revolution in England-paved the way for the rise of fiscal capacity and...

This paper deals with non-economic problems of biofuel development. Firstly we look at a complex of issues surrounding the food-fuel debate, which is concerned mainly with the efficiency of use of land resources for the production of biofuel feedstock rather than for production of food for human...

We prove a generalized, multi-factor version of the Uzawa steady-state growth theorem. The theorem implies that neoclassical growth models need at least three factors of production to be consistent with empirical evidence on both the capital-labor elasticity of substitution and the existence of...

Over the past 20 years, considerable progress has been made in reducing poverty worldwide, with the expansion of social protection coverage and uptake playing a key role. To strengthen and expand the public provision of social protection, countries have been investing in the development of...

Modern energy services are essential to replace the extensive use of traditional biomass fuels driving several environmental, health, and social issues affecting the welfare of low-income citizens. Particularly, in Colombia, 11% of the households rely on inefficient firewood cooking systems,...

The ambitious Indian economic goal of becoming a $5 trillion economy can be achieved through a thrust on rural entrepreneurship, among other things. ICTs can make significant contributions in encouraging rural entrepreneurship because they offer better process efficiencies and ease participation...

Using unit-level data from various rounds of the Employment and Unemployment Survey of the National Sample Survey Organisation, we present the first consistent time series of average real farm income per cultivator for 18 major Indian states for 1987-88, 1993-94, 1999-00, 2004-05, 2007-08,...

This paper examines whether workers living in rural areas are more likely to be self-employed, compared with those in urban areas. We provide evidence for 35 European countries, using the European Working Conditions Survey for the year 2015. We also study the time devoted to market work, and...

Millions of people around the world are internally displaced and yet-compared to other forms of wartime victimization-scholars know relatively little about the long-run consequences of displacement for victims. This gap in the literature is problematic since displacement is distinct from other...

As of 2020, 770 million people still lack access to electricity worldwide and 10% of this population is in Nigeria. Nevertheless, the country has received so far little attention in this respect from the academic community. The economic literature also does not generally agree on the impact of...

How do modern fiscal states arise? Perhaps the most dominant explanation, based on the European experience, is that democratic institutions that limited the extractive power of states-exemplified by the 1688 Glorious Revolution in England-paved the way for the rise of fiscal capacity and...

We prove a generalized, multi-factor version of the Uzawa steady-state growth theorem. The theorem implies that neoclassical growth models need at least three factors of production to be consistent with empirical evidence on both the capital-labor elasticity of substitution and the existence of...