Ökonomische Unsicherheit ist nicht direkt beobachtbar. Eine Operationalisierung ist, Unsicherheit als Dispersion der in den Unternehmensbefragungen des ifo Instituts geäußerten Zukunftseinschätzungen zu messen. Auf den Geschäftserwartungen der befragten Unternehmen aufbauende...

Li, Fang & Tian (1994) assert that special quasi-linear means should be preferred to the simple arithmetic mean for robustness properties. The strategy that is used to show robustness is completely detached from the concepts wellknown from the theory of robust statistics. Robustness of...

This paper extends the transformed maximum likelihood approach for estimation of dynamic panel data models by Hsiao, Pesaran, and Tahmiscioglu (2002) to the case where the errors are crosssectionally heteroskedastic. This extension is not trivial due to the incidental parameters problem that...

This paper extends the transformed maximum likelihood approach for estimation of dynamic panel data models by Hsiao, Pesaran, and Tahmiscioglu (2002) to the case where the errors are cross-sectionally heteroskedastic. This extension is not trivial due to the incidental parameters problem that...

J.M. Keynes (1911) shows how distributions look like for which the arithmetic, the geometric and the harmonic mean are "most probable values". We propose a general class of distributions for which the quasi-arithmetic means are ML-estimators such that these distributions can be transformed into...

This paper extends the transformed maximum likelihood approach for estimation of dynamic panel data models by Hsiao, Pesaran, and Tahmiscioglu (2002) to the case where the errors are crosssectionally heteroskedastic. This extension is not trivial due to the incidental parameters problem that...

This paper extends the transformed maximum likelihood approach for estimation of dynamic panel data models by Hsiao, Pesaran, and Tahmiscioglu (2002) to the case where the errors are cross-sectionally heteroskedastic. This extension is not trivial due to the incidental parameters problem that...

We will identify sufficient and partly necessary conditions for a family of copulas to be closed under the construction of generalized linear mean values. These families of copulas generalize results well-known from the literature for the Farlie-Gumbel-Morgenstern (FGM), the Ali-Mikhai-Haq (AMH)...

This paper aims to investigate a Bayesian sampling approach to parameter estimation in the semiparametric GARCH model with an unknown conditional error density, which we approximate by a mixture of Gaussian densities centered at individual errors and scaled by a common standard deviation. This...

This note demonstrates that in applied regression analysis, the variance of a coefficient of interest may decrease from the inclusion of a control variable, contrasting with Clarke's assertion (2005, 2009) that the variance can only increase or stay the same. Practitioners may thus be...

Problems with the GDP -- Alternatives to GDP -- The GPI as an alternative indicator of welfare -- Items used to calculate the GPI -- The GPI of Hong Kong: results -- The GPI of Singapore : results -- The "threshold hypothesis" and the two city states -- Towards a steady state economy

The study contributes to the development of "standards" for the application of matching algorithms in empirical evaluation studies. The focus is on the first step of the matching procedure, the choice of an appropriate distance function. Supplementary to most former studies, the simulation is...

We analyze input-output matrices for a wide set of countries as weighted directed networks. These graphs contain only 47 nodes, but they are almost fully connected and many have nodes with strong self-loops. We apply two measures: random walk centrality and one based on count-betweenness. Our...

Traditionally volatility is viewed as a measure of variability, or risk, of an underlying asset. However recently investors began to look at volatility from a different angle. It happened due to emergence of a market for new derivative instruments - variance swaps. In this paper first we...

This paper provides a way of evaluating a player's contribution to her team and relates her effort to her salaries. We collect data from UEFA Euro 2008 Tournament and construct the passing network of each team. Then we determine the key player in the game while ranking all the other players too....

This paper looks at potential implications emerging from including "shares" as a control variable in fixed effect estimations. By shares I refer to the ratio of a sum of units over another, such as the share of immigrants in a city or school. As will be shown in this paper, a logarithmic...

Atheoretical regression trees (ART) are applied to detect changes in the mean of a stationary long memory time series when location and number are unknown. It is shown that the BIC, which is almost always used as a pruning method, does not operate well in the long memory framework. A new method...

Atheoretical regression trees (ART) are applied to detect changes in the mean of a stationary long memory time series when location and number are unknown. It is shown that the BIC, which is almost always used as a pruning method, does not operate well in the long memory framework. A new method...

The study contributes to the development of 'standards' for the application of matching algorithms in empirical evaluation studies. The focus is on the first step of the matching procedure, the choice of an appropriate distance function. Supplementary to most former studies, the simulation is...

This paper looks at potential implications emerging from including shares as a control variable in fixed effect estimations. By shares I refer to the ratio of a sum of units over another, such as the share of immigrants in a city or school. As will be shown in this paper, a logarithmic...

We analyze input-output matrices for a wide set of countries as weighted directed networks. These graphs contain only 47 nodes, but they are almost fully connected and many have nodes with strong self-loops. We apply two measures: random walk centrality and one based on count-betweenness. Our...

Traditionally volatility is viewed as a measure of variability, or risk, of an underlying asset. However recently investors began to look at volatility from a different angle. It happened due to emergence of a market for new derivative instruments - variance swaps. In this paper first we...

This paper provides a way of evaluating a player's contribution to her team and relates her effort to her salaries. We collect data from UEFA Euro 2008 Tournament and construct the passing network of each team. Then we determine the key player in the game while ranking all the other players too....