The labour market integration of migrants is a heavily politicised topic in Europe. Using detailed and recently updated data on migrant's motivations this paper places a much needed emphasis upon the heterogeneity of migrant groups and the pathways to their labour market integration. We focus on...

This note discusses how human capital is a job connector and driver of entrepreneurship. It first presents ideas on how to unlock the barriers to accessing productive employment, with particular attention to the challenges facing women and youth. It then discusses human capital as a job creator,...

This report by the Clean Energy Technology Observatory (CETO) provides an updated strategic analysis of the EU clean energy technology sector. The EU's renewable share in gross final energy consumption rose to 24.5% in 2023, and to 44.7% of gross electricity consumption. The electrification rate...

This study evaluates the socioeconomic effects of educational policies implemented between 2010 and 2024 within the context of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, focusing on the labor demand for professionals with advanced competencies. Using a quantitative analysis based on microdata from the...

The COVID-19 pandemic caused widespread disruptions to education, with school closures affecting over one billion children. These closures, aimed at reducing virus transmission, resulted in significant learning losses, particularly in mathematics and science. Using United States data from TIMSS,...

This study employs 2011 Census data linked to population-based administrative datasets to explore disparities in educational attainment and earnings trajectories among Australian-born children of diverse parental migration backgrounds from mid-adolescence to early adulthood. Non-English Speaking...

We estimate natural-disaster impacts on children's school enrollments and math skills and test for impact heterogeneities with respect to age and gender in seven countries in Asia and the Pacific, which is the world's most disaster-prone region. We link survey data on children aged 5 to 17 to...

In unified growth models, the evolving nexus between population dynamics and technological change is key to achieving sustained economic growth. This paper uses genealogical records of 23,449 males and their spouses to investigate this interplay-the intergenerational transmission of reproduction...

Do employers seek to attract individuals with more education because it enhances human capital or because it signals higher levels of pre-existing traits? We experimentally vary master's degree completion rates on applicant r'esum'es and examine how this influences candidates' desirability and...

Sons succeed their exiting CEO parents more often than daughters. How do entrepreneurial families reach this gender imbalance, and how does it affect the prospects of their firms and their offspring? Using Finnish administrative data on firms linked to population register data on shareholders...

Sarah Gust führte diese Studie während ihrer Tätigkeit am ifo Institut durch. Die Studie wurde im September 2024 abgeschlossen und als Dissertation an der Volkswirtschaftlichen Fakultät der LMU München angenommen. Sie besteht aus drei eigenständigen empirischen Essays, die...

This study documents self-selection on human capital for Ukrainian refugees. We compare the socio-demographic characteristics of a representative sample of Ukrainian refugees who registered in Belgium in the fall of 2022 with those of the Ukrainian population before the war. Contrarily to...

This paper examines the wage implications of temporary migration for two cohorts of Italian Ph.D.s. Special attention is given to the duration of the international experience, its contribution to earned wages and the selectivity of returnees. Returnees are found to be a self-selected group whose...

South Africa represents a paradigmatic case in international literature on racial discrimination, illustrating a deeply institutionalised system that affected all aspects of daily life. Black, Coloured, and Asian populations were systematically relegated to a subordinate status compared to the...

We provide causal evidence from a developing country context that children exposed to lead at a young age exhibit worse cognitive outcomes. We exploit variation in exposure to leadcontaminated toxic sites in Indonesia and estimate a two-way fixed effects model using variation in age at first...

Biotechnology firms operate in a highly innovative and capital-intensive environment, characterized by high levels of R&D, long product development periods, significant regulations, and high levels of uncertainty. These firms rely heavily on intangible assets, such as intellectual capital and...

The purpose of the paper is to empirically determine the impact of human capital on the innovation performance of EU economies. Currently, most researchers consider human capital a significant factor of economic growth based on knowledge and innovation. Depending on the amount and quality of the...

This paper examines how worker skills and job application behavior contribute to the gender wage gap on a major online freelancing platform. We observe significant occupational sorting by gender, with women over-represented in lower-paying project categories and tending to earn less than men...

Do employers seek to attract individuals with more education because it enhances human capital or because it signals higher levels of pre-existing traits? We experimentally vary master's degree completion rates on applicant résumés and examine how this influences candidates' desirability and...

Do employers seek to attract individuals with more education because it enhances human capital or because it signals higher levels of pre-existing traits? We experimentally vary master’s degree completion rates on applicant résumés and examine how this influences candidates’ desirability...

This report presents the findings of a study to analyze Guinea-Bissau's HCI indicators and its human capital policies across three sectors - health, education, and social protection. The report highlights a deep analysis of sociodemographic variables such as age, sex, income, and geographical...

Using a dynamic panel dataset of 150 countries for the period of 2006-2018 and a twostep system GMM estimation model, this paper shows that natural resources have a positive effect on economic development while holding corruption constant. Our findings support the notion that natural resources...

Using matched employer-employee data, we investigate the influence of human capital inputs on firm productivity. Several variables are used to measure firms' access to skilled labor, such as their share of employees with occupation-specific education and experience in horse breeding and...

We evaluate the impact of a therapy intervention on Nepali adolescents at risk of dropping out of school. Our randomized controlled trial is the largest of its kind (N = 1,707) and is novel in that participation does not require a preexisting diagnosis. Participation was high: 89 percent of...