President Trump recently announced that “we’re going to be guarding our border with the military” until a border wall between the U.S.-Mexico border can be completed. That completion date remains uncertain in light of so many questions governing the wall’s funding and construction. The...

Draft lottery data combined with Danish longitudinal administrative records show that military service can reduce criminal activity for youth offenders. For this group property crime is reduced, and our results indicate that the effect is unlikely to be the result of incapacitation only. We find...

JURIST Guest Columnist Kevin Govern, of Ave Maria School of Law, considers the ramifications of the recent Arab League agreement to form a joint force in the context of historic efforts on joint defense and economic cooperation

Ever since gaining approval to be admitted to the Jordanian Armed Forces (JAF), Jordanian women have become more visible in this sector. Women were recruited in various fields across the military, including administrative posts, education, and human resources. There is a noticeable gap in the...

We provide quantitative evidence on the relationship between military spending and innovation in the 19th century. Combining innovation data from world fairs and historical military data across Europe, we show that national military spending is associated with national innovation towards war...

The agreement signed by the Tigray People’s Liberation Front (TPLF) and the Ethio­pian government on 2 November 2022 offers a real chance to end one of the bloodiest wars in the world. The implementation of the agreement is going well so far. How­ever, the peace process has brought into...

We provide quantitative evidence on the relationship between military spending and innovation in the 19th century. Combining innovation data from world fairs and historical military data across Europe, we show that national military spending is associated with national innovation towards war...

We estimate Costa Rica’s peace dividend following the end of the civil war and the army’s abolition in 1949 with synthetic control. The country’s average per capita GDP growth increased from 1.42% to 2.28% between 1950-2010, relative to a counterfactual Costa Rica that did not take this...

This paper introduces the Portfolio Project Matrix Model P2M2™ for managing capability acquisition and innovation in military applications. We present an overview of related theories and models and provide references. An annex is included, featuring a visualization tool used to analyse...

This paper documents several new facts about the relationship between discrimination and political exclusion and the motivation to fight in wartime. The Pearl Harbor attack triggered a sharp increase in volunteer enlistment rates of American men, the magnitude of the increase was smaller for...

Sudan's two main security forces are fighting each other. A swift military outcome is not to be expected in view of the relatively balanced power between the Sudanese Armed Forces (SAF) and the Rapid Support Forces (RSF). This strategic stalemate means that the chances for successful mediation...

Purpose This paper aims to argue that the Global Political Economy (GPE) theory of neomercantilism provides a sound explanation to the American military involvement in the Persian Gulf. Accordingly, this paper also proposes the concept of "Neomercantilist War" which analyses the use of military...

This chapter discusses the role of military interventionism and aid in nation-building. We argue that (1) intervention strategies of foreign actors like the United States often unfavorably interact with local institutional settings, which (2) produces undesired outcomes not only for the target...

This chapter discusses the role of military interventionism and aid in nation-building. We argue that (1) intervention strategies of foreign actors like the United States often unfavorably interact with local institutional settings, which (2) produces undesired outcomes not only for the target...

This paper intends to establish conceptual foundations for analyzing the economic dimensions of a territorial military conflict. The Intraregional Trade Disruption from War Simulator (ITDW-Simulator) attempts to estimate the heterogeneous macroeconomic effects of the military conflict. The model...

Whether with bows and swords or the most modern weapons, success in battle is always about the following basic abilities: 'Ability to Move Undetected, Search for the Enemy, Fire Accurately and Quickly, Communicate Without Interruption'. But emerging technologies are making these capabilities...

The Guantánamo prosecution of Abd al-Rahim al-Nashiri, the alleged mastermind behind the deadly USS Cole bombing, highlights an unresolved issue in military commissions: whether the Confrontation Clause of the Sixth Amendment to the Constitution applies to bar hearsay statements of unavailable...

This working paper considers the global redistribution of economic power and defense spending between the 1990s and 2020s--with a focus on the U.S., China and Russia--on the basis of World Bank data, and its implications for the military balance today

In so many fundamental ways, war constitutes a different universe from ordinary human experience with a different ethical and moral universe. Ethics are important to military leaders in determining what is right and wrong, by not only asking ‘is this action lawful?’, but more important ‘is...

By some estimates, approximately one-third of U.S. military service members have opted out of the COVID-19 vaccine. Some think that number could be higher; for example, according to a new report, nearly 40 percent of U.S. Marines are declining vaccinations. An earlier December report from the...

Criminal Law Practitioner, American University Washington College of Law, Vol. XI, Issue II, January 27th, 2021.From 2012 to 2017, the U.S. Army carried out what is reputed to have been the largest criminal investigation it ever conducted: Army Criminal Investigation Divisions inquiry into the...

The Israel Defense Forces (IDF) has four battle threats, where cyberis equitable to conventional (state), subconventional (nonstate), and nonconventional. An escalation in one could lead to an overall escalation in all. In thepolitical areas and, by extension, in civil-military relations (CMR),...

This chapter discusses the role of military interventionism and aid in nation-building. We argue that (1) intervention strategies of foreign actors like the United States often unfavorably interact with local institutional settings, which (2) produces undesired outcomes not only for the target...

This note examines the four major West European military powers--namely Britain, France, Germany and Italy--with a focus on their post-Cold War contraction and restructuring; the numerous driving pressures and rationales of that process; and, in today's differing circumstances with their higher...

There is little econometric study of how governments should procure innovation. One choice facing policymakers is whether to tightly specify the innovations they seek (a “Conventional” approach) or to allow firms to suggest ideas (an “Open” approach). We exploit a natural experiment in...

Little is known about military attitudes toward weapons taboos, or the durability of non-use norms in wartime. Chemical weapons are a key case given public revulsion and clear international prohibitions. We explore soldiers’ attitudes in a salient setting: the Pacific theater of World War II....

This paper empirically evaluates the two opposite representations of the pre-1945 Korean comfort women. Far exceeding the estimate advocated by contract view, the scale of mobilization as estimated using demographic information falls within the range proposed by enslavement view. Indicating one...

We examine the effects of military connections on firm risk, firm performance, and corporate financial decisions. The evidence concludes that military connected firms, defined as firms with military officials on their boards, have greater risk, lower accounting performance, but higher market...

The theory of public goods is mainly about the difficulty in paying for them. Our question here is this: Why might public goods not be provided, even if funding is available? We use the Afghan Army as our case study. We explore this issue using a simple model of a public good that can be...

This paper attempts to evaluate the main reasons why Afghanistan fails after twenty years under a deep analysis of the Afghan-Taliban war from 2001 to 2021. This document reviewed the two enormous military interventions in Afghanistan by the former Soviet Union (1979-1989) and the U.S....

Der deutsche militärische Luft- und Raumfahrtsektor (dmLR) steht vor einem erheblichen Wandel. Wichtige Weichen für seine Zukunftsfähigkeit müssen in der nächsten Legislaturperiode gestellt werden. Deshalb stellt sich die Frage: Vor welchen kurz- und langfristigen Herausforderungen steht...