Which poverty context matters for long-term outcomes-family or community, economic or social? We construct a measure of poverty along these dimensions and analyze individual-level longitudinal data spanning 21 years in Indonesia to examine the long-term outcomes associated with different types...

Does living in a low-income neighborhood have negative health consequences? We document causal neighborhood effects on health by exploiting a Spatial Dispersal Policy that quasi-randomly resettled refugees across neighborhoods and apartment buildings from 1986 to 1998. Refugees allocated to...

We document the transplantation of the Sicilian Mafia to the United States in the 1920s, when a large-scale repression campaign in Italy targeted Mafia strongholds and forced many Mafiosi to migrate, and study the resulting short- and long-term effects across neighborhoods in U.S. cities. Using...

Policies targeting disadvantaged areas aim to improve their conditions, but the labels they impose carry consequences of their own. In this paper, we examine Denmark's Ghetto Plan, one of the first recent place-based policies explicitly targeting migrant populations. Under this policy, certain...

Does living in a low-income neighborhood have negative health consequences? We document causal neighborhood effects on health by exploiting a Spatial Dispersal Policy that quasi-randomly resettled refugees across neighborhoods from 1986 to 1998. Refugees allocated to low-income neighborhoods had...

Does the labeling of neighborhoods affect their outcomes? Place-based policies targeting disadvantaged areas aim to improve their conditions, but the labels they impose carry consequences of their own. In this paper, we examine Denmark's Ghetto Plan which designated public housing areas with a...

We estimate the effect of neighborhood disorder on dementia risk among middle-aged and older adults in the United States and identify cardiometabolic dysregulation as a mediating biological pathway. Using data from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS, 2006-2020), we show that exposure to...

Human capital—the health, knowledge, skills, and experience that people accumulate throughout their lives—is essential for productivity and economic growth. Yet, progress has stalled, and there have even been reversals in human capital accumulation over the last 15 years. Two-thirds of low-...

We study residential segregation and access to public services across 1.5 million urban and rural neighborhoods in India. Muslim and Scheduled Caste segregation in India is high by global standards, and only slightly lower than Black-White segregation in the U.S. Within cities, public facilities...

Which poverty context matters for long-term outcomes-family or community, economic or social? We construct a measure of poverty along these dimensions and analyze individual-level longitudinal data spanning 21 years in Indonesia to examine the long-term outcomes associated with different types...

This paper examines the impact of neighbourhood social interactions on a household's ability to produce their child's scholastic achievement. A time-varying stochastic frontier model and a spatial Durbin model are used to estimate endogenous and contextual neighbourhood effects on household...

We study residential segregation and access to public services across 1.5 million urban and rural neighborhoods in India. Muslim and Scheduled Caste segregation in India is high by global standards, and only slightly lower than Black-White segregation in the U.S. Within cities, public facilities...

Racial and ethnic minorities with dementia are substantially less likely to receive timely diagnoses, yet the factors underlying these gaps remain poorly quantified. Using nationally representative Health and Retirement Study (HRS) data linked to Medicare claims (1998- 2021) and National...

This study investigates whether improved transit opportunities increase income of nearby residents by improving access to work opportunities. To explore this hypothesis, we employ a difference-in-differences model combined with matching to examine the effects of constructing a light rail transit...

While the influence of neighborhoods on later life outcomes is well documented, the historical processes that shaped the growth and social makeup of urban areas are less understood. We address this by analyzing newly compiled geocoded data covering the entire population of Stockholm from 1878 to...

We estimate the effect of neighborhood disorder on dementia risk among middle-aged and older adults in the United States and identify cardiometabolic dysregulation as a mediating biological pathway. Using data from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS, 2006-2020), we show that exposure to...

This chapter reviews recent advances on the drivers of intergenerational persistence in education and income, with a focus on causal mechanisms shaping social mobility across OECD countries. While the descriptive literature is vast, documenting substantial correlations between parents' and...

Racial and ethnic minorities with dementia are substantially less likely to receive timely diagnoses, yet the factors underlying these gaps remain poorly quantified. Using nationally representative Health and Retirement Study (HRS) data linked to Medicare claims (1998-2021) and National...

During the pandemic, many measures were taken to prevent the spread of Covid-19. Some of these measures, such as school closures, directly affected students. Children from different backgrounds are likely to have different abilities to cope with the challenges of the pandemic and associated...

This paper investigates the impacts of neighborhoods on the economic outcomes of adults. We exploit one of the world's largest housing lottery programs and administrative data linking lottery registration, formal employment, and access to social programs in Brazil. Receiving a house has positive...

We incorporate the endogenous feedback loop at the core of the seminal Schelling (1969) model of segregation into a dynamic model of neighborhood choice and use it to study the forces that shaped racial and income segregation in the San Francisco Bay area from 1990 to 2004. Such an analysis...

The case for government supply of housing hinges on two key questions: do intended beneficiaries value it more than the cost to the state of providing it, and does relocation to remote housing sites impose unintended costs for movers or society? I study a large-scale lottery in Addis Ababa,...

We examine the urban learning and schooling premium in Peru using two approaches: 1) estimating the effect of local population density on pupils' value-added in learning between grades two to eight, 2) quasi-experimental Census estimations on the effects of the duration of urban exposure in...

The influence of neighborhood environments on children's future outcomes has attracted significant scholarly attention in recent years. This study contributes to the existing literature by examining how neighborhood segregation during adolescence affects the likelihood of securing a high-skill...