The United Nations and the European Union have been working together since 2003 in the areas of peace operations and crisis management. They cooperate in regions such as the Western Balkans, Africa, and the Middle East. As the main representatives of the most important global and regional...

Rebuilding state legitimacy is a thorny challenge in the aftermath of civil wars. The international community has stepped in to support post-conflict states in rebuilding state capacity, sometimes replacing governments in providing public goods. Most notably, research shows that UN peacekeepers...

Based on a state policy perspective, this paper seeks to present the path of Brazil’s participation in United Nations (UN) peace operations, from its genesis in 1947 to the present day, with the intent to comprehend whether there is a progressive and evolutionary pattern in these engagement...

Friedensicherung durch die Vereinten Nationen hat in Mali keine Zukunft. Für die seit 2013 bestehende Mission MINUSMA sind die politischen Rahmenbedingungen schlechter als je zuvor. Sie hat nicht die uneingeschränkte Unterstützung des VN-Sicherheitsrats und noch weniger die der malischen...

Friedensicherung durch die Vereinten Nationen hat in Mali keine Zukunft. Für die seit 2013 bestehende Mission MINUSMA sind die politischen Rahmenbedingungen schlechter als je zuvor. Sie hat nicht die uneingeschränkte Unterstützung des VN-Sicherheitsrats und noch weniger die der malischen...

The United Nations and the European Union have been working together since 2003 in the areas of peace operations and crisis management. They cooperate in regions such as the Western Balkans, Africa, and the Middle East. As the main representatives of the most important global and regional...

This study investigates the scaling-up dynamics as one form of integrated approach in peacedevelopment nexus projects pursued by the Korea International Cooperation Agency (KOICA) in the Mekong region, with particular reference to Lao PDR and Cambodia. Integrated approaches can be witnessed in...

The Economic Consequences of the Peace was first published in 1919, and since then, changed the economic discourse surrounding reparations and Carthaginian peace. This paper specifies how three elements hinted at in the introduction of the Economic Consequences of the Peace - social classes,...

To date, there is limited understanding about the consequences of wartime dynamics for post-war state-building processes. This paper explores one such dynamics-the forms of governance exercised by armed groups during wartime-and proposes a theoretical framework outlining how forms of wartime...

Armed conflict can shape reproductive behaviour as high child mortality and a lack of health services lead to higher fertility rates. Yet women often postpone childbearing in expectation of better times. Given the theoretical ambiguity, the extant empirical evidence is often inconclusive. As a...

We consider a dynamic setting in which two sovereign states with overlapping ownership claims on a resource/asset first arm and then choose whether to resolve their dispute violently through war or peacefully through settlement. Both approaches depend on the states' military capacities, but...

The three-decade war in Sri Lanka left parts of the northern and eastern regions severely destroyed. Those regions are populated by minority and marginalized ethnic groups. The expectation is that aid flows to those regions to rebuild after the war as they need the aid more than other places....

While there is a large literature on how conflict affects entrepreneurship and investment, little is known about how the end of a conflict affects businesses and firms’ creation. The direction of the effect is not obvious as conflicts bequest poverty and inequality --reducingthe returns of...

One of the most surprising findings in research on UN peace operations (UNPOs) is that they work. Scholarship has focused on how UNPOs solve the security dilemma but overlooked their role in maintaining parties’ political commitment to reforms, which we conceptualize as the implementation...

This Policy Insight suggests the UN must account for a diverse range of conflict drivers, including health insecurity, and that UN peace operations can play a role in countries of deployment to counter health crises. Insecurity is experienced in a variety of different ways in a complex world...

In recent years, scholars have paid more attention to an integrated approach, which entails identifying and addressing cross-cutting issues beyond an initiative's policy field, domain or sector, as a means of enhancing the performance of development projects. However, few studies offer a...

Based on a state policy perspective, this paper seeks to present the path of Brazil's participation in United Nations (UN) peace operations, from its genesis in 1947 to the present day, with the intent to comprehend whether there is a progressive and evolutionary pattern in these engagement...

On the basis of a single-period, guns-versus-butter, complete-information model in which two agents dispute control over an insecure portion of their combined output, we study the choice between a peace agreement that maintains the status quo without arming (or unarmed peace) and open conflict...

Gender, age, class, ethnicity, religion, and political ideologies all matter in peacebuilding. Adopting a feminist approach, the 13th volume of International Development Policy analyses such intersecting differences in local contexts to develop a better understanding of how intersectionally...

Deforestation in Colombia has been one of the socio-environmental consequences related with the current implementation process of the peace agreement between the Colombian government and the guerrilla group Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia- Ejército Popular (FARC-EP). The signing of...

Mission-level data strongly suggests that peacekeeping operations offer a path toward conflict reduction. Recently available spatially disaggregated intra-mission data tells a more complex story. Peacekeepers are deployed, within missions, to where violence strikes, and they can prevent...

Although turmoil characterized both the Middle East and East Asia in the two decades following World War II, the two regions looked dramatically different at the dawn of the twenty-first century. Since 1965 the incidence of interstate wars and militarized conflicts has been nearly five times...

The notion that democracies rarely wage wars against each other has gained remarkable acceptance in scholarly and policy circles. At the same time, a number of observers have expressed concern that incipient democratization in some Arab countries may pose a threat to the nascent peace between...

Peace is considered an important element of sustainable development and has even been given attention under the 2030 Agenda on Sustainable Development Goals. Kenya seeks to become a middle-income country by 2030 and this, arguably, cannot be achieved if the factors that threaten the peaceful...

After the end of an international conflict, there is a need to consolidate peace on its territory so that the conflict does not resume in the future, after peace agreements have been reached. The authors of the article pay attention to the analysis of the international regulatory framework for...

We develop and test an economic theory of insurgency motivated by the informal literature and by recent military doctrine. We model a three-way contest between violent rebels, a government seeking to minimize violence by mixing service provision and coercion, and civilians deciding whether to...

The adage that “only Nixon could go to China” suggests hawkish leaders face fewer domestic political barriers to pursuing conciliation with foreign adversaries. We explore how this conventional wisdom intersects with prominent gender stereotypes about women’s role in national security. Do...

Since Jean Monnet conceived the Coal and Steel Community, free trade has successfully prevented serious conflicts in Europe between democratically governed States with market economies. After six countries established the European Community, this principle has been extended successfully to its...

Scholars have argued that the politically fractured landscape of medieval Western Europe was foundational to the evolution of constitutionalism and rule of law. In making this argument, Salter and Young (2019) have recently emphasized that the constellation of political property rights in the...

International organizations face a trade-off between the need to replace poorly performing leaders and the imperative of preserving the loyalty of influential or pivotal member states. This performance-politics dilemma is particularly acute in UN peacekeeping. Leaders of peacekeeping operations...