This paper empirically investigates the short- and long-term impact of public expenditure on economic growth. We use annual data from 28 European Union (EU) countries for the 1995-2022 period and estimate a growth model augmented for public expenditure employing the Autoregressive Distributed...

The main goal of the first-generation expenditure rules was to ensure fiscal discipline: preserving a sound fiscal framework and public debt sustainability. Regarding this goal, analytically as well as empirically, limiting the share of public expenditure in GDP would be more appropriate in case...

We perform a Meta-Regression Analysis (MRA) of the literature on government size and corruption, examining 450 empirical estimates retrieved from 44 primary papers published from 1998 to 2022. We find considerable heterogeneity in the results, mainly depending on whether the paper is published...

We examine the relationship between public sector efficiency and government spending, to assess public resource management across the 27 European Union countries. Specifically, we analyze the growth of public expenditure in relation to outcomes across various public sector performance (PSP)...

This paper examines the distributional effects of fiscal policy in Grenada. Using data from the 2017-2018 Living Conditions and Household Budgets Survey and following the Commitment to Equity (CEQ) analysis framework, we estimate the effects of fiscal policy interventions on inequality and...

I investigate the social costs imposed by poor implementation of public infrastructure. Focusing on the period from 2005 to 2015 in Peru, when the government embarked on a nationwide initiative to expand sewerage systems, I leverage quasi-random variation in initiation of the implementation...

The social impact of sanitation is multifaceted. It has repercussions for health, education, and the local environment, as well as overall human development and economic growth. Unsafe sanitation poses environmental and health risks. In light of the health hazards, the Government of India has...

Public spending will play the decisive role in the reconstruction of Ukraine, in rendering aid to the population, providing emergency services, reconstructing infrastructure and driving industrial development in the coming years. For economic recovery and sustainable development in the post-war...

In 2016, Pakistan adopted the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) into its national development agenda as part of its commitment to the 2030 Agenda for Universal Health Coverage (UHC). In 2018, the Government of Pakistan designed and approved a National SDGs Framework to prioritize and localize...

Slovak Republic has made significant progress in institutionalizing spending reviews, having completed spending reviews covering 64 percent of total public spending since initiating the spending review project eight years ago. Despite progress, challenges remain, and important choices will need...

Not all major Italian cities of the late Middle Ages could rely on an established and organised system of public debt like Florence, Venice, Genoa, and others. The study of one such city, Bologna, reveals that whenever the city found itself in serious financial straits, outside of ad hoc...

The connection between public spending and the ambitions of urban elites is a common topic in the historiography of the late Middle Ages. However, it is still unclear how city finances and private capital interacted before the use of sophisticated financial systems of the late 13 th to early 14...

This paper provides a critical assessment of the new EU fiscal framework, with a focus on its implications for public expenditure on the twin green and digital transition. According to the reformed rules, member states may commit to a package of investment and reform to extend the fiscal...

Hospitals, schools, councils and other parts of the public sector are a major employer in Scotland. The public sector paybill is also a substantial part of government spending. Recent years have seen larger-than-expected increases in both public sector employment and pay, the latter driven by...

At just under £8 billion, spending on schools and childcare is the second-largest area of public service spending in Scotland, behind spending on health. While councils rather than the Scottish Government itself determine how much to spend on schools, they do so in the context of a funding and...

The justice system is an important part of how the government upholds the law and maintains public order, making it a significant area of responsibility. In England and Wales, the Ministry of Justice (MoJ) is responsible for funding and overseeing most functions of the justice system, including...

We aim to analyze the potential positive or negative effects of public expenditure on economic growth, as well as their determinants. To this goal, we use a simple theoretical model, which has the specificity to distinguish between public investment and consumption expenditure, and which could...

The PER analysis highlights priority policy actions to increase fiscal space and improve resilience to economic shocks and climate risks through human and physical capital investments. Chapter 1 focuses on Seychelles' recent fiscal performance and examines trends in its public finances. Chapter...

The additionality principle of the European cohesion policy was verified ex-ante by the European Commission and was eliminated starting from the 2021-27 programming period. However, the cohesion treatment may have ex-post reduced, in some cases, national spending and the decision to eliminate...

In the official models for projections and policy analysis used by the Treasury and the Social Security and Medicare Trustees, many key variables are assumed as a continuation of past trends. Even the Congressional Budget Office (CBO), with more sophisticated models, makes certain simplifying...

What determines the effectiveness of military buildups? We introduce the concept of the military multiplier: the percentage increase in military equipment an additional dollar buys. It varies with the costs of allocating resources to military production, depending, among other things, on the...

The paper examines the macroeconomic effects of fiscal policy under varying economic conditions. The analysis is conducted using a closed-economy agent-based model, where macroeconomic outcomes of fiscal intervention emerge from the bottom up as the result of interactions between heterogeneous...