Economic zones can be powerful drivers of economic growth in developing countries. However, less is known about their distributional impact on the local society. This paper provides empirical evidence from Indonesian provinces on the relationship between economic zones and within-province income...

Die Bundesagentur für Arbeit hat erstmals nicht nur fachlich, sondern auch regional tief gegliederte Daten zum unteren Entgeltbereich herausgegeben (Bundesagentur für Arbeit 2021a). In Verbindung mit weiteren Sonderauswertungen der Bundesagentur liefern diese Kennziffern detaillierte...

Using unit-level data from various rounds of the Employment and Unemployment Survey of the National Sample Survey Organisation, we present the first consistent time series of average real farm income per cultivator for 18 major Indian states for 1987-88, 1993-94, 1999-00, 2004-05, 2007-08,...

Over the last decade, German housing prices have increased unprecedentedly. Drawing on quality-adjusted housing price data at the district level, we document large and increasing regional disparities: growth rates were higher in 1) the largest seven cities, 2) districts located in the south, and...

Das verfügbare Einkommen der privaten Haushalte wird häufig zur Messung von Wohlstand und Ungleichheit (Jenkins/van Kerm 2009) verwendet. Insbesondere tief regionalisierte Angaben stoßen regelmäßig auf ein reges Interesse, da sie aufschlussreiche Einblicke in die (regionale)...

Using county-level analysis, this study demonstrates that there exists at most a minor relationship between the large, contemporary geographical variation in U.S. intergenerational income mobility and state-level policies. In addition to investigating the effects of specific policies, we...

The study empirically tests whether regional differences in personal taxes (Personal Income Tax, Wealth Tax, and Inheritance and Gift tax) have had some influence on the decision of the richest Spanish taxpayers to change their residence. The estimates use the Personal Income Tax (IRPF) Panel...

While the poverty reductions in the Philippines in 2012–2018 are modest compared to what Vietnam, China or Indonesia achieved, all trends indicated the country's continuing growth will be inclusive. This paper traces the evolution and decomposition of poverty and inequality in 2000–2018...

Recent research on Nigeria indicates declining income inequality. In contrast, anecdotal evidence suggests that only the upper class has benefited from economic growth in Nigeria over time. The disconnect between these findings and anecdotal evidence, and the limitation in how inequality was...

Since globalisation accelerated in the early 1990s, income inequality has increased in most developed countries and in some middle-income countries, including China and India. Also, inequality has declined in most countries of Latin America and the Caribbean and in many Sub-Saharan African and...

In the US rural (non-MSA) areas have lagged behind urban areas both in terms of per capita personal incomes (PCPI) and poverty rates. This study examines how 2019 state-level ratios of urban to rural PCPI varies with state-level urbanization rates, poverty rates and unemployment rates. The...

We document two novel stylized facts on European integration and cohesion. First, we show that the interregional income distribution, measured as GDP per capita at the NUTS-3 level, is bimodal for all considered years. Second, we demonstrate that this mixture of two log-normal distributions...

China’s demographic changes have important global economic and geopolitical implications. Yet, our understanding of such transitions at the micro-spatial scale remains limited due to spatial inconsistency of the census data caused by administrative boundary adjustments. To fill this gap, we...

The inequality-economic development nexus has been the focus of a number of research undertakings in the past. Nonetheless, the variations in regional dynamics are still arguably understudied. Employing semi-parametric regressions, this research finds that the classical hypothesis of Kuznets is...

This study aims to observe the impact of financial inclusion from a micro perspective, availability of banking services, on income inequality. The analysis is carried out by using an annual panel data set constructed with a sample of eight developing countries of the Asia Pacific region for the...

The opening of capital account of an economy allows the financially constrained local firms to attract and raise cost-efficient capital from abroad on one hand and on the other hand, allows the well-performing and financially solvent local firms to go out other countries and avail themselves the...

The growth of American governments in the twentieth century included large increases in funds for social insurance and public assistance. Social insurance has increased far more than public assistance, so “rise in the social insurance state” is a far better description of the century than...

In many countries around the world, migration costs and housing supply restrictions interact with each other and combine to restrict workers’ location decisions. Using an equilibrium sorting model and rich micro data from China, we evaluate the impacts of these dual constraints on workers’...

Recent research on Nigeria indicates declining income inequality. In contrast, anecdotal evidence suggests that only the upper class has benefited from economic growth in Nigeria overtime. The disconnect between these findings and anecdotal evidence, and the limitation in how inequality was...

The objective of this paper is to examine the simultaneous relationship between fiscal decentralization, economic growth, and human development using the panel data of 18 countries over the 2011-2017 period. 3SLS-GMM (Three Stage Least Squares-Generalized Method of Moments Estimator) and GMM-HAC...

Road quality plays an important role, especially in rural areas where most poor households are situated. This study aims to calculate the Rural Access Index (RAI), an indicator of rural road quality (SDG indicator 9.1.1), at the district level, to evaluate the implementation of the Nawacita...

Over many decades, academics, policymakers and governments have been concerned with both the presence of inequalities and the impacts these can have on people when concentrated spatially in urban areas. This concern is especially related to the influence of spatial inequalities on individual...

Over the last decade, German housing prices have increased unprecedentedly. Drawing on quality-adjusted housing price data at the district level, we document large and increasing regional disparities: Growth rates were higher in 1) the largest seven cities, 2) districts located in the south, and...

This study provides new insights into regional income inequality convergence across and within countries, building on the increased availability of Luxem- bourg Income Study (LIS) data. It finds evidence of regional income inequal- ity convergence across countries, but finds heterogenous trends...

Geography and the quality of the environment may have long lasting effects on the living standards of individuals and this, in its turn, may affect even substantially the distribution of income and regional disparities. In this paper I consider malaria as a measure of "bad geography" and propose...

This paper examines how regional disparities have evolved in Russia and how Russia's system of intergovernmental fiscal relations is managing these disparities. Regional disparities have fallen over the past two decades but remain relatively high. Socioeconomic outcomes remain worse in lagging...

During the last 15–20 years, inequality between Russian regions in terms of real personal incomes per capita was decreasing. This paper aims at revealing the “anatomy” of this phenomenon. To do so, time series of every regional income per capita is tested for catching-up with the national...

We study the distribution of income across Indian states for 2014-19 and find significant heterogeneity in income inequality. Particularly concerning in terms of high inequality are states of Uttar Pradesh, Telangana, Chhattisgarh, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Gujarat, Punjab, and Haryana –...

This study has two-fold objectives. First, analyze the rural income inequality and its decomposition by employment status and education of the household. Second, analyze the income inequality of districts of Pakistan located at the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC). Theil Index, a member...

Understanding the spatial or geographical dependence of income inequality and regional inequality is crucial in the study of inequality. This paper employs a multi-scale, multi-mechanism framework to map and analyze historical patterns of regional and income inequality in the United States (US)...

Long-term regional convergence hypothesis is examined for 32 Mexican states in a regional growth model with poverty traps using a new dataset on regional income inequality for the period 1940-2011. Although zero-growth poverty trap hypothesis is rejected for 28 out of 32 states, the evidence...

Im Lichte der Bundestagswahl widmet sich der IW-Verteilungsreport 2021 der Frage, ob die besonders in Wahlkampfzeiten oft bemühte Behauptung einer sich weiter öffnenden Einkommensschere zwischen Arm und Reich der Faktenlage standhält. Dazu wird neben der Entwicklung der Primärverteilung...