This paper analyses the effect of offshoring (i.e., the relocation of activities previously performed in-house to foreign countries) on various firm outcomes (domestic employment, production, and productivity). It uses data from the International Sourcing Survey (ISS) 2017 for Germany, linked to...

The practice of sourcing service inputs from overseas suppliers has been growing in response to new technologies that have made it possible to trade in some business and computing services that were previously considered non-tradable. This paper estimates the effects of offshoring on...

We study the relation between the off-shoring of intermediates and services and productivity growth in the Italian manufacturing industries in 1995-2003. Our results indicate that the off-shoring of intermediates within the same industry ("narrow off-shoring") is beneficial for productivity...

This paper investigates the effects of services offshoring on wages using individual level data combined with industry information on offshoring. Our results show that services offshoring affects the real wage of low and medium skilled individuals negatively. By contrast, skilled workers benefit...

Background: Dual-level stochastic programming is a technique that allows modelling uncertainty at two different levels, even when the time granularity differs vastly between the levels. In this paper we study the problem of determining the optimal fleet size and mix of vessels performing...

This roadmap provides strategic analysis of the offshore wind development potential in the Philippines, considering the opportunities and challenges under different, hypothetical growth scenarios. The goal is to provide evidence to support the Government of the Philippines in establishing...

The focus of this study was to learn from the operational variabilities in offshore wind projects by investigating the overall delays in offshore wind projects related to arrival time (flow) or job time (process-time) variability. This research was motivated by the general understanding that...

This paper develops a two-country Kaleckian model in which "Northern" firms invest a fixed fraction of total investment in foreign affiliates in the low-wage "South" in order to offshore the production of intermediate goods over time and lower overall labour costs. On the back of this setup...

Offshoring continues to be an important dimension of firms' internationalization choices. However, offshoring also increases contract enforcement costs by inhibiting the coordination and monitoring of performance. Immigrant employees may reduce such costs through their specific knowledge of the...

Since 2008, private Chinese family wealth has been rapidly expatriated overseas. Chinese citizens are currently transferring money out of the country at a rate of around 450 billion USD per year (Fan 2016). One industry study estimates that 60 percent of Chinese citizens with a net worth of more...

We study whether misinvoicing in international trade is reflected in cross-border bank accounts as reported by offshore financial centres. We show that residents hold more offshore wealth when local misinvoicing practices thrive, especially for under-invoiced exports of natural resources. These...

This paper unpacks the role of the domestic content of imports as a novel source of policy interdependence along the global supply chain. We show how a rise in local contents embodied in imports can skew national trade policy preferences, and pull upstream and downstream countries in asymmetric...

Ownership of real estate through corporations in offshore tax havens creates opportunities for tax evasion and money laundering and may have undesirable effects in housing markets. In this paper, we study offshore ownership of real estate in the United Kingdom by combining several data sources:...

Overall, decoupling from certain countries may be both politically necessary and economically feasible, at least in the long run. However, a general shift of production back to Europe would be accompanied by significant losses in real income.

This paper examines the relationship between offshoring and the prevalence and intensity of labor market imperfections at the firm level. For this purpose, we use Belgian and Dutch manufacturing firm-level data over the period 2009-2017 from Business registers and VAT declarations combined with...

This paper shows that a one standard deviation increase in customer countries realized return is associated with substantial increase in supplier country returns. Thus, network of trade links can transmit relevant economic information

In November 2021, Suzhou Industrial Park State-Owned Assets Holding Development Co. Ltd. issued a free trade zone (FTZ) offshore bond in Shanghai FTZ. This bond issuance included various innovative attempts, representing a move to implement national strategies such as Yangtze River Delta...

Developing countries are often seen as unquestionable beneficiaries in the phenomenal rise of global value chains in international trade. Offshoring-the cross-border trade in intermediate goods and services which facilitate country-level specialization in subsets of production tasks-enables an...

The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has highlighted the crucial role of vaccines in public health management and economic recovery. Its worldwide impact has raised national security concerns and implications on health policies, particularly on Asia Pacific countries' readiness to cope...

I use novel high-quality survey data on firms' international sourcing activities combined with firm-level financial and linked employer-employee data to study the effect of services offshoring on wages and employment. To overcome the endogeneity related to reverse causality and omitted...

We analyse firms' sourcing decisions under institutional uncertainty in foreign countries. Firms can reduce their uncertainty by observing offshoring firms' behaviour. The model characterises a sequential offshoring equilibrium path, led by the most productive firms in the market. With multiple...

This paper studies the impact of skilled immigration policy changes in the U.S. using a dynamic general equilibrium model with skilled migration, offshore labor hiring, and intermediate input trade. The novel feature of the model is that it explicitly accounts for firms' response in offshore...

We investigate the association between tax avoidance and offshore activities using a new text-based measure for offshore activities based on Hoberg and Moon (2017, 2019). Our evidence shows that although providing cross-border tax avoidance opportunities, offshore activities reduce the marginal...

SME in today act a significant role in a country economy just like the large firms contributing to the GDP, employment and other macro-economic variables in the particular country. Global value chain analysis has a significant impact on the SME to engage in global business. Many researchers...

This dissertation attempt to review the selected five research articles from Enhancing SME Participation in Global Value Chains: Determinants, Challenges, and Policy Recommendations Asian Development Bank which has examined the factors that determine SMEs’ participation in Global Value...

This study assesses the impacts of global value chain (GVC) on the performance of SMEs. A descriptive analysis is done using five related research papers published on the journal of “Enhancing SME Participation in Global Value Chains: Determinants, Challenges, and Policy Recommendations”...

Global value chains (GVCs) have changed the paradigm of global production affecting international trade, the labour market and productivity, and the way policymakers define trade policy and competitiveness. This topic extensively reviews empirical research on the impact of living organisms...