Bitcoin, as the first decentralized cryptocurrency, pioneers the cryptocurrency markets, both in terms of market capitalization and scientific interest. In this paper, we performed a comprehensive bibliometric study of the Bitcoin-related literature. Using the Scopus database, we created a...

This work aims to conduct a scientometric study on the research published by digital platforms known as Big Tech (Amazon, Apple, Facebook, Google and Netflix), giving an overview of the publications' growth, distribution by document's types, research themes and affiliations' profile. All data...

There is little knowledge about the shape, prominence and drivers of work-to-work transitions in low- and middle-income countries. This paper examines these elements in the context of South Africa and Indonesia - two middle-income countries with similar development levels yet different labour...

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is widely regarded as a technology which will impact the future competitiveness of the Germaneconomy. Looking at the research productivity of German scientists and universities in AI, we find that Germany definitively belongs tothe top performers in AI research...

This report presents the findings of the European Commission’s Expert Group on the COVID-19 impact on gender equality in Research and Innovation (R&I). The report highlights in particular the pandemic’s gendered impact on academic productivity, early career researchers, and work-life...

There is little knowledge about the shape, prominence and drivers of work-to-work transitions in low- and middle-income countries. This paper examines these elements in the context of South Africa and Indonesia - two middle-income countries with similar development levels yet different labour...

Competition is a core feature of science and has for some time also been viewed by institutions in the higher education sector, as well as the state, as an incentive to produce scientific output. Due to scarce financial resources third-party funding plays an increasingly important role. However,...

We prove that if each generation cares, non-paternalistically, about other generations wellbeing rather than about their choices, and do not curb or otherwise alter future generations choice sets, then backward induction intergenerational choice paths are efficient. This somewhat surprising...

Within the growing competition in the world, the development strategy of the economic, social sphere is resource cooperation in the fields of economics, education, culture, industry, agriculture and other sectors of the national production and management system. Some countries do not have...

Research and development (R&D) capabilities generally enable firms to export more. Left underexplored is the question: Does the positive relationship between R&D and exports hold during institutional transitions, which are fundamental and comprehensive changes introduced to the rules of the...

This Chapter discusses the current state of legal, economic and policy research on standards-essential patents (SEPs) and fair, reasonable and nondiscriminatory (FRAND) licensing of SEPs, and recommends additional research directions for the future. Areas for future research include the...

It is high time for Europe to break its relative decline in the pharmaceutical sector. Europe used to be the preeminent region in the world for Research and Development and innovation in the sector - being the location for a majority of R&D and the development of new medicines. However, its...

Scientific researchers usually announce their achievements in conferences, magazines, and patent offices. Our study was initiated to improve the ascending ratio of research article publishing versus invention patent filing. World development relies, amongst others, upon two innovation...

In recent decades, Chinese researchers have become preeminent contributors to the scientific enterprise, as reflected by the number of publications originating from Chinese research institutions. China's rise in science has the potential to push forward the global frontier, but mere production...

We develop a novel measure of political slant in research to examine whether political ideology influences the content and use of academic research. Our measure examines the frequency of citations from think tanks with different political ideologies and allows us to examine both the supply and...

Alfred Marshall and Mary Paley Marshall are often described as the first academic economist couple. Both studied at Cambridge University, where Paley became one of the first women to take the Tripos exam and the first female lecturer in economics, with Marshall’s encouragement. But in later...

Although the limitations of p-values are well known, researchers continue to (mis)use them for lack of awareness of the alternatives. This monograph comprehensively explains the process of scientific inference, of which the p-value is just one component. The inference process is broader,...

This paper investigates the impact opening of high-speed railways (HSR) on scientific research competitiveness using data from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) research grants. We employ a difference-in-differences framework to estimate the causal effects of the treatment...

This paper aims to identify, synthesise and classify in a systematic way the most relevant challenges for R&I performance in the EU 27 Member States over the last decade. To tackle this issue, we develop a semantic analysis of the assessments included in the European Commission ERAWATCH and RIO...

We propose a novel mechanism through which established firms contribute to the startup ecosystem: the allocation of R&D tax credits to startups via the M&A channel. We show that when established firms become eligible for R&D tax credits, they increase their R&D and M&A activity. In particular,...

Government subsidies are often used to stimulate environment-friendly investment. We find that Chinese firms reduce green investment as the uncertainty of subsidies rises. This effect is identified from weather-driven fluctuations in air pollution that lead to fluctuations in subsidy...