This paper studies, theoretically and empirically, the unintended consequences of mandatory retention rules in securitization. The Dodd-Frank Act and the EU Securitisation Regulation both impose a 5% mandatory retention requirement to motivate screening and monitoring. I first propose a novel...

This paper proposes an early-warning bank risk measure based on the syndicate concentration of recent syndicated loans that a bank participates in. At the bank level, higher values of the measure predict greater risks (i.e., loan loss provisions, idiosyncratic return volatility, default...

Extreme weather events pose an economic threat to farms. The risk management behaviour against such events is often studied using prospect theory as a framework, but empirically deriving corresponding parameters in the field involving farmers is challenging. To address this issue, we compare...

Supply chain risk mitigation is an essential business activity as firms engage in more complex supply chains. This complexity is being exacerbated by the higher levels of competition, due to changing customer needs and increased volatility in supply markets, prevalent in supply chains. We...

Cyber security and resilience are major challenges in our modern economies; this is why they are top priorities on the agenda of governments, security and defense forces, management of companies and organizations. Hence, the need of a deep understanding of cyber risks to improve resilience. We...

Wir untersuchen, ob und wie Unternehmerinnen und Unternehmer den Klimawandel wahrnehmen und sich an diesen anpassen. Unsere Umfrageergebnisse legen nahe, dass die überwiegende Mehrheit der Unternehmerinnen und Unternehmer in Deutschland den Klimawandel und dessen Folgen im Blick hat....

South Korea and the United States share a long history of bilateral cooperation, forming an important strategic and economic partnership in the Asia Pacific region. South Korea is a significant economic and military force in the region, which draws attention to how the South Korean government,...

Domestic abuse is a pervasive global problem. Here we analyze two approaches to reducing violent DA recidivism. One involves charging the perpetrator with a crime; the other provides protective services to the victim on the basis of a formal risk assessment carried out by the police. We use...

Data from three surveys before and after the 2022 mass shootings in Buffalo and Uvalde provide a natural experiment to assess perceptions and valuations of mass shootings. The degree of overestimation of mass shooting risks surged following these tragedies. The odds of believing that mass...

In the aftermath of the Global Financial Crisis, some risk management practitioners have advocated wider adoption of Bayesian inference to replace Value- at-Risk (VaR) models in order to minimize risk failures. Despite its limitations, the Bayesian methodology has significant advantages. Just...

In this paper, we present new referential statistics for supply chain exposure to concentration risk of global production networks. The study’s net contribution rests on the development of a metric that indicates exposure risk in terms of the frequency of supply chain engagement with the...

Financial and operational supply chain risks are often managed independently, by managers in different business units and with widely-varying viewpoints. Yet, differences in incentives often result in a mismatch in priorities and processes. In 2008, BMW established the Raw Material Management...

This paper identifies a new and previously unidentified trend that is changing corporate governance: board liability for misconduct based on operational risk. Operational risk is serious business. When boards slumber, hundreds of people die in airline accidents, pipelines explode causing massive...

This paper estimates the macroeconomic effects of global supply chain shocks for the euro area. Our empirical model combines business cycle variables with data from international container trade. Using a novel identification scheme, we augment conventional sign restrictions on the impulse...

The numerical calculations of marginal risk contributions associated with the two risk measures, Value-at-Risk and Expected Shortfall, pose challenges due to the rare event character of multiple defaults among obligors in credit portfolios at a high confidence level. We explore various...

In this paper, we revisit the study of an optimal risk management strategy for an insurer who wants to maximize the expected utility by purchasing reinsurance and managing reinsurance counterparty risk with a default-free hedging instrument, where the reinsurance premium is calculated by the...

This study investigates whether cyber risk events occurring in the U.S. are spatially correlated and if so, which socio-economic factors drive these spatially correlated events. We analyze 49 states and 3,132 counties of the U.S. from 2005 to 2020 using the largest dataset of cyber risks and...

Not a day goes by without news about a cyber attack. Fear spreads out and lots of wrong ideas circulate. This survey aims at showing how all these uncertainties about cyber can be transformed into manageable risk. After reviewing the main characteristics of cyber risk, we consider the three...

This study aims to analyze the relationship between supply chain resilience (SCR) practices and operational performance and the moderating role of digital technologies in Jordanian manufacturing firms. A descriptive-analytical approach was adopted using a questionnaire based on the study model...

The purpose of this paper is to examine the issue of portfolio optimization. Optimization consists of minimizing the risk for a given rate of return or achieving a bigger return for a given level of risk. We use historical data from the Bank of Greece to calculate the net return and the standard...

The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on numerous industries, including the event industry, resulting in widespread disruptions. The widespread cancellations of festivals have been a direct consequence of the pandemic, and, following the reopening, those that have taken place have...

We document how bank lending has changed in response to climate change by analyzing changes in bank loan portfolios since 2012. Using supervisory data providing loan-level portfolios of the largest U.S. banks, we find that banks significantly reduced lending to areas more impacted by climate...

This study presents an easy-to-handle approach to measuring the severity of reinsurance that faces a system of dependent claims, where the reinsurance contracts are of excess loss or proportional loss. The proposed approach is a natural generalization of common reinsurance methodologies...

In this study, we examine major cryptocurrencies, present notable fraud cases, describe fraud risks, and analyze cryptocurrency financial performance. People debate whether cryptocurrency is an investment opportunity, the new Dutch Tulip Bubble, or a giant Ponzi scheme. There have been a number...

Changing customer demand, globalization, pandemics, and the ongoing Russia-Ukraine war have introduced a lot of complexities, uncertainties, risks, and challenges in various global businesses, especially in the small and medium enterprises (SMEs) of emerging markets. This sector plays a...

Several governments use the Credit Guarantee Schemes to ease SMEs' access to funding and support their growth and survival. This paper suggests a lending guarantee technology based on risk sharing through a de facto shareholding agreement to cover potential losses and reduce the premature...

The motivation for the research was the suddenness of the COVID-19 pandemic and the unavailability of health measures (well-established treatment and vaccination) at the beginning of 2020, which caused an uncontrollable increase in the incidence of disease worldwide and high mortality. The...

The novel partial-use philosophy by the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision initiates a paradigm shift for banks, allowing them to permanently partially apply the internal ratings-based approach (IRBA) and not having to fully roll it out across the overall bank anymore. This raises the...