We document that compared to all other investor groups investment funds exhibit a distinctly procyclical behavior when financial-market beliefs about the probability of a euro-related, institutional rare disaster spike. In response to such euro disaster risk shocks, investment funds shed...

Does it pay to invest in green companies? In countries where a market for carbon is functioning, such as those within the European Union, our findings suggest that it should be beneficial. Using a sample of green and brown European firms, we initially demonstrate that green companies have...

This study examines the integrated impacts of cyberattacks, geopolitical, and financial market volatility on rare earth markets during the 2014-2024 period, using Time-Varying Parameter Vector Autoregression and wavelet analysis. By bridging critical gaps in the literature, this research...

Climate change poses a major risk to financial stability by affecting sovereign credit risk through transition and physical risks. Using data from 52 developed and developing countries over two decades, the study finds that transition risk leads to higher sovereign yields, especially in...

This paper explores the hypothesis that the returns of asset classes can be predicted using common, systematic risk factors represented by the level, slope, and curvature of the US interest rate term structure. These are extracted using the Nelson-Siegel model, which effectively captures the...

This paper introduces a business cycle model that integrates financial markets and endogenous financial volatility at the Zero Lower Bound (ZLB). We derive three key insights: first, central banks can mitigate excess financial volatility at the ZLB by credibly committing to future economic...

The COVID-19 pandemic potentially affected stock prices in two non-mutually exclusive ways: discount rates and cash flows. This paper focuses on the latter and analyzes it through the lens of an asset-pricing model. It shows how workplace resilience and financial resilience interacted and...

One of the most misunderstood components of valuing a small closely-held business is how to address the impact of small size. Most closely-held enterprises are relatively small in size, with market values less than $1million. Many small mom and pop operations, or single owner-operator family...

We study the shape of the Bachelier-implied volatility of a spread option on two assets following correlated local volatility models. This includes the limiting case of spread options on two correlated Black-Scholes (BS) assets. We give an analytical result for the at-the-money (ATM) skew of the...

Inflation remained quiescent for several decades and then surged in 2021 and 2022. Inflation subsequently fell in 2023 and 2024. This paper investigates how the rise and fall in inflation after 2019 affected the U.S. stock market. To do this, it estimates a fully specified multi-factor model...

In recent years, because of the 2008 financial crisis and the evolution of the sovereign debt markets, there has been a significant increase in interest in understanding the factors that determine the risk premium, becoming a key indicator of the financial stability of countries, and a measure...

This paper presents a novel 5-factor model for agricultural commodity risk premiums, an approach not explored in previous research. The model is applied to the specific cases of corn, soybeans, and wheat. Calibration is achieved using a Kalman filter and maximum likelihood, with data from...

As life expectancy increases, pension plans face growing longevity risk. Standardized longevity-linked securities such as survivor contracts allow pension plans to transfer this risk to capital markets. However, more consensus is needed on the appropriate mortality model and premium principle to...

This study examines whether changes in the implied volatility of stock options have cross-sectional predictability for future changes in credit default swap (CDS) spreads in the Korean market. The major findings are as follows. First, in the CDS portfolio analysis, when buying a portfolio with...

Climate-linked bonds, issued by governments and supranational organizations, are pivotal in advancing towards a net-zero economy. These bonds adjust their payoffs based on climate variables such as average temperature and greenhouse gas emissions, providing investors a hedge against long-term...