This study is based on real options theory and uses a sample of Chinese listed companies from 2000 to 2016 to investigate the dynamic process and mechanisms by which trade policy uncertainty affects the upgrading of enterprises within the global value chain (GVC). The article finds that trade...

This study examines the relationship between financial risk tolerance and organizational resilience among small business managers in the Brazilian Northeast, a region strongly affected by economic fragility and intensified uncertainty during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. Using a positivist,...

The primary objective of this research is to identify, analyse, and compare the development of risk management approaches adopted by Slovak industrial enterprises in two distinct economic periods: during a phase of economic growth (2019) and during a period of global crises and regional crises...

In deregulated electricity markets, Generation Companies (GENCOs) are exposed to substantial financial risk due to volatile and uncertain electricity prices. Traditional generation asset valuation approaches, which rely primarily on expected profit, fail to adequately capture downside risk under...

This study investigates the impact of Governance, Risk management, and Compliance (GRC) practices on operational efficiency and corporate reputation. Drawing on the Resource-Based View (RBV), Stakeholder Theory, and the signaling perspective, it conceptualizes GRC as a set of organizational...

Background: This study examines the degree to which cognitive supply chain management (CSCM) indirectly enhances supply chain risk management (SCRM), addressing the lack of specific empirical research concerning the underlying mechanisms of this relationship. Specifically, this study tests the...

Nowadays information logistics and its integration with information systems is a competitive advantage for a company. The focus is on theoretical knowledge gained from e-maintenance environments, security measures, and objectives. In companies, it is important to conduct a risk analysis and...

This paper introduces the Copula Asymmetry Index (CAI), a rolling, rank-based measure of asymmetric tail dependence between equity returns and implied-volatility proxies. CAI is defined as the difference between the empirical frequency of joint "equity-down & volatility-up" tail events and that...

This study examines how geographic distance to Vietnam's centralized securities regulator-the State Securities Commission (SSC)-influences firm-level stock price crash risk. In emerging markets characterized by weak governance, corruption, and political connections, distance can erode monitoring...

The changing climate requires businesses to take adaptive action. A key prerequisite for optimal adaptive action is that businesses are aware of the climate risks that they face. This, in turn, necessitates that businesses do not base their risk perception solely on prior experience, or a lack...

This study examines the role of board gender diversity in shaping cor‑ porate financial decisions, particularly in terms of debt structure and risk management. Focusing on the Tehran Stock Exchange, it explores how female representation on boards influences long‑term and short‑term...

In this work, we introduce an innovative approach to managing electricity costs within Germany's evolving energy market, where dynamic tariffs are becoming increasingly normal. In line with recent German governmental policies, particularly the Energiewende (Energy Transition) and European Union...

This research determines the contribution of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) to reducing financial risks and, consequently, to the sustainable development of companies in different sectors of the economy and at different phases of the economic cycle (using Russia as an example). The...

This study explores the critical yet often misunderstood distinction between risk and uncertainty. The research examines how knowledge and expertise can contribute to an illusion of control in uncertain environments, leading decision-makers to misclassify uncertainty as risk. This...

This paper proposes a nonparametric estimator of the spot volatility matrix with high-frequency data. Our newly proposed Positive Definite Fourier (PDF) estimator produces symmetric positive semi-definite estimates and is consistent with a suitable choice of the localizing kernel. The PDF...

In this study, we investigate the return propagation mechanism, hedging effectiveness, and portfolio performance across several common agricultural commodities, crude oil, and S&P 500 index, ranging from July 2000 to June 2024 by using a time-varying parameter vector autoregression (TVP-VAR)...

Volatility modelling is a key feature of financial risk management, portfolio optimisation, and forecasting, particularly for market indices such as the JSE Top40 Index, which serves as a benchmark for the South African stock market. This study investigates volatility modelling of the JSE Top40...

Objective: To analyse and evaluate compliance risk management in organisations operating in the transport-forwarding-logistics (TFL) sector. Research Design & Methods: A comparative analysis of the social reports of TFL companies submitted from 2019 to 2023, considering the issues of compliance...

We review the design and communication of monetary policy strategies that take into account risks and uncertainty. A key element in a robust monetary strategy is the concept of risk management, which is the weighing of key risks when setting policy. When risks to the outlook are balanced, the...

This article aims to contribute to the limited pool of solutions designed to deter or mitigate hedge fund manager fraud and reduce the associated costs to investors and other hedge fund industry stakeholders. The methodology involves presenting three hedge fund indsutry fraud cases, focusing on...

Background: The service life and availability of electronic components are steadily declining, whereas the operational lifespan of industrial devices that incorporate such components often extends over several decades. This disparity creates a mismatch between the durability of individual...

This study examines the impacts of Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems on financing costs from the dual perspectives of risk management and relative value creation based on corporate value maximization objectives. Data were manually collected from the listed companies in China. It is...

MSMEs have contributed to employment and economic growth. There are many challenges faced by MSMEs in the era of Industrial Revolution 4.0, including the use of digital marketing innovation and strategic orientation to achieve firm performance. In this research, the aim is to analyze the...

The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the need to revise traditional security strategies for international sporting events and has brought public health issues to the forefront as a systemic component. The study aimed to address the transformation of security management strategies at mass...

Traditionally, business risk management models have not taken into consideration household composition for the purposes of credit granting or project financing in order to manage the risk of default. In this research, an improvement in the risk management model was obtained by introducing...

Volatility forecasting for financial institutions plays a pivotal role across a wide range of domains, such as risk management, option pricing, and market making. For instance, banks can incorporate volatility forecasts into stress testing frameworks to ensure they are holding sufficient capital...

Moral hazard in health insurance arises when insured individuals are incentivized to over-utilize healthcare services, especially when they face low out-of-pocket costs. While existing literature primarily addresses moral hazard through qualitative studies, this paper introduces a quantitative...

Approximately sixty percent of German goods exports are transported via sea freight. The international shipping industry is dominated by firms registered in offshore centers with little transparency. Criminals feel invited to abuse these opaque constructions for laundering their illegally...

This article examines the relationship between implementing sustainable development measures and financial risk in the context of global companies and the recycling economy. This study uses statistics from Forbes, TIME, and Statista on 50 global companies that actively embrace sustainable...