We investigate the causes and consequences of the aging of the scientific workforce. Using novel data on the population of US chemistry faculty members over fifty years, we find that the secular increase in the age of the academic workforce has been mainly driven by the slowdown in faculty...

Flawed research can be harmful both within and outside of academia. Even when published research has been retracted and refuted by the scientific community, it may continue to be a source of misinformation. The media can play an important role in drawing broader attention to research, but may...

We study same-sex role model effects of teachers with a meta-analysis and our own study of three million students in 90 countries. Both approaches show that role model effects on performance are, on average, small: 0.030 SD in the meta-analysis and 0.015 SD in our multi-country study. Going...

We investigate the causes and consequences of the aging of the scientific workforce. Using novel data on the population of US chemistry faculty members over fifty years, we find that the secular increase in the age of the academic workforce has been mainly driven by the slowdown in faculty...

Dieses Dialogpapier adressiert die Rolle und Aufgaben von Hochschulen und öffentlich geförderten Forschungseinrichtungen im gesellschaftlichen Wissenstransfer. Das Papier richtet sich an Entscheidungsträger*innen und Fachleute in Politik und Verwaltung sowie in Hochschulen und in weiteren...

We study same-sex role model effects of teachers with a meta-analysis and our own study of three million students in 90 countries. Both approaches show that role model effects on performance are, on average, small: 0.030 SD in the meta-analysis and 0.015 SD in our multi-country study. Going...

From the article: The French Revolution changed the world. In the new order, the masters no longer need Monsieur Fouche and the thought police. They don’t need guillotines to clip brains and scissors to censor pamphlets. They don’t need strategic-studies institutes to manage oppression and...

We prove that if each generation cares, non-paternalistically, about other generations wellbeing rather than about their choices, and do not curb or otherwise alter future generations choice sets, then backward induction intergenerational choice paths are efficient. This somewhat surprising...

Flawed research can be harmful both within and outside of academia. Even when published research has been retracted and refuted by the scientific community, it may continue to be a source of misinformation. The media can play an important role in drawing broader attention to research, but may...

We combine unsupervised machine-learning and econometric methods to examine cultural change in 16th- and 17th-century England. A machine-learning digest synthesizes the content of 57,863 texts comprising 83 million words into 110 topics. The topics include the expected, such as Natural...

The UN Food Systems Summit 2021 was different from all six previous food summits held in the past eight decades. New features of this Summit included the fact that it was anchored in the Sustainable Development Goals, focused on food systems, was based on multi-stakeholder engagement, had a...

We combine unsupervised machine-learning and econometric methods to examine cultural change in 16th- and 17th-century England. A machine-learning digest synthesizes the content of 57,863 texts comprising 83 million words into 110 topics. The topics include the expected, such as Natural...

This paper debates on modernization of Brazilian agriculture, presents the construction process of the sector's national innovation system and the role of Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (Embrapa), as well as shows Brazil's competitive insertion in the international market of...

In 2000, the Strategic Partnership between India and Germany symbolised new-found commonalities shared by the countries in the era of globalisation. More than two decades later, the agreement requires an upgrade in order to address the changing international, regional and national dynamics. This...

Recent literature has raised the attention on the estimation of time-invariant variables both in a static and a dynmamic framework. In this context, Hausman-Taylor type estimators have been applied, relying crucially on the distinction between exogenous and endogenous variables (in terms of...

In times when the role of science in society is more debated than ever in polarized, politicized and partial terms, what is the role for the human right to science and rights-based approaches? The right to science remains poorly understood and neglected in both national and global human rights...

This study updates the annual comparative analysis of the performance and structures of the German science system. We use several bibliometric indicators of productivity and academic impact to assess Germany's performance for the period 1995-2020 compared against 22 countries and the EU13, EU14,...

Der Erkenntnis- und Technologietransfer aus der Wissenschaft (Hochschulen und Forschungseinrichtungen) in die Wirtschaft ist eine der zentralen Quellen für Innovationen. Dessen Bedeutung ist angesichts der großen Wissenschaftsnähe der neuen Hightech-Felder wie Künstliche Intelligenz oder...

The "ambiguity" of Research and Innovation (R&I) within the present contemporary society triggers increasing manifestations of public concerns concerning science. Apart from some implications it has, this mistrust also functions as a stimuli towards integrating the public view and public...

The interaction between the sea and the economy gives this environment enormous strategic importance. The forms of economic exploitation are diverse and include sectors such as energy, fishing, tourism, transportation, biotechnology, and shipbuilding. For Brazil, country with an extensive...

Using the German re-unification as a natural experiment, we analyze the role of increased competition in academic productivity. We employ a unique dataset on East and West German scientists' publications in fields of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) before and after the...

The interaction between the sea and the economy gives this environment enormous strategic importance. The forms of economic exploitation are diverse and include sectors such as energy, fishing, tourism, transportation, biotechnology, and shipbuilding. For Brazil, country with an extensive...

The interaction between the sea and the economy gives this environment enormous strategic importance. The forms of economic exploitation are diverse and include sectors such as energy, fishing, tourism, transportation, biotechnology, and shipbuilding. For Brazil, country with an extensive...

Well functioning Markets for Technology (MFT) allow inventors to sell their inventions to others that may derive more value from them. We argue that the growing reliance on science in inventions enhances MFT. In addition to higher quality inventions, reliance on science may enhance gains from...