This report provides a mapping of existing research that employs online labour market data, covering both online job vacancies (demand side) and online applicant data (CVs) (supply side). We discuss and assess a variety of tools and empirical methods that have been used to address specific...

This paper examines the relationship between mobile internet, employment and structural transformation in Rwanda. Thanks to its ability to enable access to a wide range of ICT technologies, internet coverage has the potential to affect the dynamics and the composition of employment...

We assess whether online data on vacancies and applications to a job board are a suitable source for studying skills dynamics outside of Europe and the United States, where a rich literature has examined skills dynamics using online vacancy data. Yet, the knowledge on skills dynamics is scarce...

In der aktuellen Studie hat das KOFA die Fachkräftesituation in für die Metall- und Elektroindustrie relevanten Berufen analysiert. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass in diesen Berufen zwischen Juli 2021 und Juni 2022 bundesweit gut 110.000 Fachkräfte fehlten. Potenziale für die...

The H-1B program allows firms in the United States to temporarily hire high-skilled foreign citizens. H-1B workers are highly concentrated among a small number of firms. We develop a theoretical model demonstrating that this phenomenon is an artifact of policy design: When the government...

This paper examines the relationship between mobile internet, employment and structural transformation in Rwanda. Thanks to its ability to enable access to a wide range of ICT technologies, internet coverage has the potential to affect the dynamics and the composition of employment...

This report provides a mapping of existing research that employs online labour market data, covering both online job vacancies (demand side) and online applicant data (CVs) (supply side). We discuss and assess a variety of tools and empirical methods that have been used to address specific...

We assess whether online data on vacancies and applications to a job board are a suitable source for studying skills dynamics outside of Europe and the United States, where a rich literature has examined skills dynamics using online vacancy data. Yet, the knowledge on skills dynamics is scarce...

This paper numerically simulates a dynamic general equilibrium model of a small open economy highlighting the contrasting effects of different aspects of globalization on the skill premium. Trade liberalization in the form of reductions in consumption and input tariffs are both shown to reduce...

This paper explores the heterogeneous effects of automation technologies on employment rate with respect to proportion of skilled workers, represented by regions from different income groups. Automation, as measured by both robotic penetration and ICT trade volumes, are replacing US labour...

Die KOFA-Studie 3/2022 untersucht, welche Berufe für den Ausbau der Solar- und Windenergie notwendig sind und wie die Fachkräftesituation aktuell in diesen Berufen aussieht. Die Studie identifiziert 190 Berufe, die für den Ausbau der Solar- und Windenergie benötigt werden. Mehr als die...

Creating labour mobility opportunities, allowing refugees to move legally from first asylum countries to receiving countries based on their skills/qualifications and recipient labour market needs, have the potential to provide beneficiaries with access to a livelihood, ease migratory pressures...

This paper studies the relationship between occupational employment, occupational wages, and rising wage inequality. We document that in all occupations, entrants and leavers earn less than stayers. This suggests selection effects that are negative for growing occupations and positive for...

Arbeitsbedingungen in der Langzeitpflege sind, nicht zuletzt aufgrund den Personalmangel, durch hohe Belastungen gekennzeichnet. Ein großer Teil der pflegerischen Versorgung in den stationären Pflegeeinrichtungen wird durch Pflegehilfskräfte geleistet. Bislang war eine Fachkraftquote von 50...

Skilled Migration: A Sign of Europe's Divide or Integration? examines the trends, determinants, and impacts of migration of high-skilled workers within the European Union in the past two decades. High-skilled migration, whether internal or international, is largely a symptom rather than a cause...

Die Studie zu Bildung und Qualifikation wird 2022 als Kurzstudie vorgelegt. Sie enthält wie in den Vorjahren die zentralen Indikatoren zur Qualifikationsstruktur der Erwerbstätigen im internationalen Vergleich. Erneut zeigt sich, dass der Anteil der Erwerbstätigen mit formal hohen...

We study the impact on the skill premium of increases in the quality of goods consumed by households (“trading up”). Our empirical work shows that high- quality goods are more intensive in skilled labor than low-quality goods and that household spending on high-quality goods rises with...

This paper uses quasi-experimental variation in payroll taxes to estimate their incidence and investigate how firms use their input factors. We find that higher payroll tax rates lead to large employment responses and have no effects on employee earnings. As payroll taxes increase, firms...

Regional and sector-specific skill shortages are either foreseeable or a reality in Germany. It is unclear whether shortages of skilled workers are more apparent in industry-specific agglomerations due to competitive labor poaching or less apparent benefitting labor pooling. This paper analyses...

Der Mangel an qualifizierten Arbeitskräften lähmt die deutsche Wirtschaft. Besonders betroffen sind Berufe in den Bereichen Sozialarbeit, Erziehung und Pflege. Zudem fehlt viel Personal im Handwerk und bei IT-Experten. Auffällig ist, dass die Berufe mit dem größten Fachkräftemangel ein...

Der Arbeitsmarkt ist im Zuge der klimapolitischen Herausforderungen einem erheblichen Transformationsdruck ausgesetzt. Während bestimmte Fähigkeiten und Kompetenzen auf dem Weg zu einer klimaneutralen Wertschöpfung an Bedeutung gewinnen (sogenannte Green Jobs), gibt es andere, die absehbar an...

Die KOFA-Studie 2/2022 zeigt: der Fachkräftemangel im Handwerk nimmt weiter zu. Fehlten im Jahr 2020 etwa 65.000 Handwerkerinnen und Handwerker bundesweit (KOFA-Studie 1/2021), waren es im Jahr 2021 bundesweit durchschnittlich 87.485 und davon allein gut 12.000 in NRW. Somit war der...

Do higher skills help mitigate the negative impact of economic crises? We study the effect of two major economic setbacks–the Global Financial Crisis (GFC) in 2007-09 and the COVID-19 lockdown in 2020–on wage progression for New Zealanders with different skill levels. For our analysis, we...

We use longitudinal data from the income tax system to study the impacts of firms’ employment and wage-setting policies on the level and change in immigrant-native wage differences in Canada. We focus on immigrants who arrived in the early 2000s, distinguishing between those with and without a...

Recently, the relative demand for skilled labor has increased dramatically. We investigate one of the causes, skill-biased technical change. Advances in information technology (IT) are among the most powerful forces bearing on the economy. Employers who use IT often make complementary...

All western countries are faced with the problem of a low birth rate and an increasingly aging population. The burden of old age requires accelerated productivity growth. Productivity growth is declining, however. In Germany, it has come to a standstill. At the same time, there is an increasing...

Eine neue Umfrage der Stiftung Familienunternehmen zeigt, wie sehr die Unternehmen unter dem Fachkräftemangel leiden. Sie machen sich attraktiver mit Weiterbildung oder Flexibilität, aber sie hoffen auch dringend auf die Politik und ihre lang versprochenen Maßnahmen.

Regional and sector‐specific skill shortages are either foreseeable or a reality in Germany. It is unclear whether shortages of skilled workers are more apparent in industry‐specific agglomerations due to competitive labor poaching or less apparent benefitting labor pooling. This paper...

Um die ökologische Transformation der Wirtschaft zu bewältigen, bedarf es in den kommenden Jahren vieler qualifizierter Fachkräfte. Zur Umsetzung der Klimaziele ist eine Vervielfachung des Ausbaufortschritts bei den erneuerbaren Energien in Deutschland notwendig, und auch der Anteil...

Using data from Sierra Leone, I explore the role of cognitive ability in sorting across sectors and the importance of perceptions in the employment decision-making process. Crucial to the analysis is the introduction of the aid-industry/development sector as a 'third sector', which is shown to...

This article studies the political choice over the extent and the means of income redistribution between high and low skilled workers. Redistributive tools encompass fiscal transfers with negative income tax and minimum wage. Using fiscal instruments only is assumed optimal. We show that high...

We incorporate the now standard knowledge-capital model of multinational firms in a new economic geography setting. The theoretical predictions of our model suggest that unskilled labor mobility leads to less concentration of production than skilled labor mobility does. This is in line with...

We construct firm-level data set with matched productivity and qualification data by linking the Annual Business Inquiry and Employer Skills Survey for England. We first examine the effect of workplace skills and other characteristics such as part-time status and gender on both productivity and...

This paper examines the relationship between technology adoption and workforce skill in US manufacturing plants. Using information on the use and adoption of seven different information technologies, we find that the relationship between technology adoption and workforce skill varies across the...