In den vergangenen Jahren haben Stadt-Umland-Beziehungen wieder deutlich an gesellschaftspolitischer Aufmerksamkeit gewonnen. Der Hintergrund: Viele neu auftretende und sich verändernde Herausforderungen lassen sich nur im interkommunalen und regionalen Kontext bearbeiten. Hierzu gehört u. a....

In den vergangenen Jahren haben Stadt-Umland-Beziehungen wieder deutlich an gesellschaftspolitischer Aufmerksamkeit gewonnen. Der Hintergrund: Viele neu auftretende und sich verändernde Herausforderungen lassen sich nur im interkommunalen und regionalen Kontext bearbeiten. Hierzu gehört u. a....

This paper reviews the current state of literature on the impacts of urbanisation on rural development in developing countries, with an emphasis on Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Assessments of these effects diverge greatly. While some authors see urbanisation as strongly benefitting rural areas, for...

We compare real wage differences between centralized and peripheral areas and highly centralized and peripheral areas using vast information of German administrative data that contains more than 2.8 Million individuals and 660,000 firms. We provide substantial empirical evidence that most of the...

The situation, development lines and perspectives of small and medium-sized towns in Germany and France are compared and similarities and differences within the central place systems and the spatial planning of both countries are discussed. With different approaches to definition, these towns...

We show that pro-tenant rent control laws increase the rural-urban wage gap by reducing rural-urban migration in India. Migrants are more likely to rent when they move to cities. Rent control laws reduce the supply of rental housing, thereby increasing the costs of migration to cities....

In the US rural (non-MSA) areas have lagged behind urban areas both in terms of per capita personal incomes (PCPI) and poverty rates. This study examines how 2019 state-level ratios of urban to rural PCPI varies with state-level urbanization rates, poverty rates and unemployment rates. The...

Examining the impact of basic medical insurance integration on households’ welfare is essential for finding policy solutions for health and welfare inequality. Based on the various implementation time of the urban-rural medical insurance integration in different prefectural cities of China, we...

Regarding the spatial impact of digitalization, the concern is often expressed that rural areas and the companies located there are disadvantaged by a digital divide compared to urban regions. Against this background, this paper explores the role of the urban/rural location of a small firm in...

Die Studie untersucht aktuelle Wohnortpräferenzen in der deutschen Bevölkerung und wie diese durch die Corona-Pandemie beeinflusst werden. Eine Umfrage unter 18 000 Menschen in urbanen, suburbanen und ruralen Gebieten zeigt, dass knapp 13% der Befragten aus den deutschen Großstädten plant,...

This paper develops a series of arguments regarding the contribution of social movements to the reduction of chronic poverty in both urban and rural social contexts, building on the more specific arguments developed in CPRC Working Papers Nos. 63 and 64). This short, more analytically oriented...

In this paper, we provide a case study of the impact of globalization on income inequality using data across Chinese regions. The literature on cross-country studies has been criticized because differences in legal systems and other institutions across countries are difficult to control for, and...

This paper reviews the recent literature on rural-urban migration in developing countries, focusing on three key questions: What motivates or forces people to migrate?What costs do migrants face? What are the impacts of migration on migrants and the economy? The literature paints a complex...

Using 2011-12 consumption micro-data, we find that nearly one-third of the variation in living standards in India can be explained by location alone. Consumption levels and locational inequality are positively related. In effect, from an individual's perspective, living standards are higher in...

In 2015-16, India was the seventh-largest economy in the world and had more than 200 million people at risk for obesity. Overconsumption of calories from processed foods, an outcome of a country's dietary transition, is known to be an important mechanism that drives risks for obesity. Testing...

Due to new urbanization patterns, where cities' edges are becoming increasingly difficult to delimit, a better understanding of urban-rural gradients has become a key issue for urban planning. These interstitial territories are characterized for being highly heterogeneous, with hybrid and...

We analyze the factors that determine human capital formation in the rural and urban sectors of Nepal and decompose the intersectoral difference into variables underlying supply and demand for human capital. In particular, we examine the role of access to primary and secondary schools as well as...

Purpose - The present world is crippled with the pandemic coronavirus (Covid-19). The pandemic that originated in Wuhan city of China has sent every country in the world in an unprecedented situation that has social and economic impacts. This paper aims to explore whether epidemics and pandemics...

Background: Catastrophic health expenditure occurs when the burden of Out-of-pocket health expenditure has reached a certain level that a household must forego the expenditure on other basic needs of life to meet the health expenses of its member(s) of the household. Worldwide, over 44 million...

Youth migration is becoming a worldwide pandemic. In developing countries like Ethiopia rural-urban migration is continuing to occur at high levels as people seek new opportunities in the city to escape from rural poverty. Young people leave their villages and even their countries because of the...

We propose a spatial search-matching model where both job creation and job destruction are endogenous. Workers are ex ante identical but not ex post since their job can be hit by a technological shock, which decreases their productivity. They reside in a city and commuting to the job center...

We study the political economy of commuting subsidies in a model of a mono-centric city with two income classes. Depending on housing demand and transport costs, either the rich or the poor live in the central city and the other group in the suburbs. Commuting subsidies increase the net income...

This study investigates spatial segregation of the population in fiscally decentralized urban areas. The theoretical part proposes the progressivity of local income taxes as a new explanation for income segregation. The empirical part studies how income tax differentials across municipalities in...

Young highly educated workers developed in the 70's and 80's a preference for working in larger cities. As a consequence highly educated young workers in 1990 were over-represented in cities, in spite of the lower wage premium they earned for working in crowded metropolitan areas if compared to...

One of the most notable social phenomena in China is the large urban-rural disparity. There are many studies of it, but most of them focus on income or earnings inequality. In this paper, we investigate the consumption disparity between urban and rural households in China from 1988 to 2002. Our...

Following this introductory chapter which comprises Part I of the book, there are eleven chapters and each of these chapters—written by an expert or by a team of experts — discusses a particular research question or questions about rural-urban dichotomies and spatial development in Asia. For...

After two and a half years of demonetization, digitalization of the economy in forms of payments, online banking and automation using digital media powered digital economy, promises to make India an empowered society. There have been numerous incentives provided by the Indian Government directed...

While economic growth in many low- and middle-income (LMICs) has led to the reduction of poverty and undernutrition, some of these LMICs are undergoing a simultaneous increase in overnutrition and micronutrient deficiency. Urbanization is one of the widely attributed factors for this nutrition...