Money, in this paper, is defined as a power relationship of a specific kind, a stratified social debt relationship, measured in a unit of account determined by some authority. A brief historical examination reveals its evolving nature in the process of social provisioning. Money not only...

During the past decade, the average Chinese earns roughly 9 times less and is 10 times less productive than the average American at purchasing power parity. Current consensus attributes large differences in output per worker to differences in total factor productivity (TFP). Evidence suggests...

Рассмотрены подходы государства к политике в области производства и продажи алкогольных напитков с момента их появления в Российском государстве,...

Рассматривается роль государственной монополии как источника рентоориентированного поведения вузов и ее влияние на качество высшего образования,...

In this paper I first provide an overview of alternative approaches to money, contrasting the orthodox approach, in which money is neutral, at least in the long run; and the Marx-Veblen-Keynes approach, or the monetary theory of production. I then focus in more detail on two main categories: the...

The article discusses the features of China’s economic culture. The author traces the genesis of the economic model of the Chinese civilization and determine its potential as an alternative to the Western one. Among the characteristic properties of the Chinese model for much of the New Age one...

Since the early nineties in Swedish starts a welfare state transformation process that allows the participation of private operators in sectors emblematic of the welfare state, such as education, health, child care and assistance to adults. To date, experience shows that the coexistence of...

The recently announced Independent Innovation Strategy (IIS) signifies the climax of China’s technology catch-up effort during the past 30 years. This paper investigates the efficacy of, and prospects for this effort by reviewing comments from the relevant literature, by conducting a...

This paper considers alternative forms of regulation and taxation of the casino sector. The model considers the situation of a typical tourist destination country that is using casinos to attract and entertain foreign tourists. The objective is to invest in the sector efficiently while...

This paper considers alternative forms of regulation and taxation of the casino sector. The model considers the situation of a typical tourist destination country that is using casinos to attract and entertain foreign tourists. The objective is to invest in the sector efficiently while...

"While private monopolists are generally assumed to maximize profits, the goals of public enterprises are less well known. Using the example of Pennsylvania's state liquor retailing monopoly, we use information on store location choices, prices, wholesale costs, and sales to uncover the goals...

In this paper we briefly summarise the results of our studies of the property insurance market in 5 countries, Britain, Spain, France, Switzerland and Germany. We then draw conclusions, how the market for insurance against natural disasters (such as floods or subsidence) should be...

The recently announced Independent Innovation Strategy (IIS) signifies the climax of China’s technology catch-up effort during the past 30 years. This paper investigates the efficacy of, and prospects for this effort by reviewing comments from the relevant literature, by conducting a...