Group of companies usually have significant wealth and influence in any given economy and one of the requirements to monitor their activities is through requirement to produce group accounts as dictated by statutory provisions such as the Companies Act and relevant accounting standards. This is...

Special Purpose Acquisition Companies (“SPACs”) are shell companies formed for the purpose of acquiring an existing operating company. A typical characteristic of a SPAC is that it has no specific business plan at the time of establishment or that it is still unclear of its target company. A...

Special Purpose Acquisition Company (SPAC) IPOs boomed starting in 2020. While SPAC IPO investors have earned 12.0% per year, returns for investors in merged companies are more complex. They have earned -7.3% in the first year on common shares but 64.4% on warrants. We rationalize why certain...

Adopting an organizational identity-enhanced cross-level organizational ecology theory (OET) approach, we investigate how multinational corporations (MNCs) make subsidiary location decisions in response to increasing subnational FDI legitimacy in China. We suggest that the three constituent...

Using a large data set of European firms, this paper provides evidence that operations at multinational headquarters are significantly more profitable than operations at their foreign subsidiaries. The effect turns out to be robust and quantitatively large. Our findings suggest that the...

The subsidiary’s profit distribution results in the cash transfer from the subsidiary to the parent company. We investigate the effect of this cash transfer on the business group’s agency cost. Using the sample of A-share listed companies in China from 2006 to 2017, we find that the profits...

Our hand-collected sample of 298 U.S. SPACs reveals that the modal SPAC CEO is a 50-year-old male MBA graduate with substantial financial expertise. In accordance with signaling theory, greater reputation gained through prior CEO experience in public companies is linked to larger SPACs. As the...

Analyzing hand-collected data on the corporate subsidiary locations of all publicly listed firms in China, we find that “hometown firms,” firms headquartered in the hometown of the key political leaders of the province, set up more subsidiaries in their home provinces. This effect is...

So far, very little attention has been paid to the roles of foreign subsidiaries located in Poland and if or how these roles have evolved. Simultaneously, there exists strong empirical justification for assuming these roles have been evolving over the years. Through a literature review and...

Wie sieht es mit der Mitbestimmung in ausländischen Unternehmen in Deutschland aus? Auf der Basis einer repräsentativen Umfrage sowohl des lokalen Managements als auch der Betriebsräte zeigt diese Studie, dass die Betriebsräte die Situation zwar deutlich kritischer sehen, grundsätzlich aber...

This study explores the relations between the different parts of headquarters (HQ) to which subsidiaries report and the knowledge-sharing patterns of subsidiaries in multinational corporations (MNCs). Despite the growing interest in the disaggregation of HQ, little is known about how...

One of the most critical decisions top management in corporate groups has to make is the allocation of resources among competing investment opportunities across the group. Information asymmetry between the parent and subsidiaries, however, creates agency conflicts that complicate such...

This study examines earnings quality in carve-out financial statements prepared in spinoffs. Using accruals, I provide evidence that carve-out earnings in spinoffs are of low quality relative to the earnings of control groups. Next, I find higher quality carve-out accruals among spinoffs of...

We explore a new mechanism of earnings management whereby a parent company shifts income from not-wholly-owned subsidiaries to itself to avoid losses. Consolidated net income attributable to the parent company increases if earnings are shifted from not-wholly-owned subsidiaries to the parent, as...

This paper examines the corporate parent effect on the diversification strategies of triad and Asian subsidiaries in the ASEAN region. I find that triad subsidiaries tend to participate in high technology intensive industries, and are more likely to diversify. In addition, I also find that the...

Macro statistics on foreign direct investment (FDI) are blurred by offshore centers with enormous inward and outward investment positions. This paper uses several new data sources, both macro and micro, to estimate the global FDI network while disentangling real investment and phantom investment...

We use data multinational firms provide to the Internal Revenue Service regarding their foreign subsidiary locations to explore whether some firms fail to publicly disclose subsidiaries in some countries, even when the subsidiaries are significant and should be disclosed per Security and...