Background: Although mega-dams play a significant role in development, providing electricity, irrigation, and flood control, perceptions of their contribution remain mixed, particularly regarding the environmental impacts. Methods: This study jointly determines perceived favorable and adverse...

This Public Finance Review (PFR)—the first such assessment by the World Bank for South Sudan— aims to evaluate the state of the nation’s public finances and provide actionable recommendations to create fiscal space for public investment and service delivery while strengthening fiscal...

The Country Opinion Survey in South Sudan assists the World Bank Group (WBG) in better understanding how South Sudan stakeholders perceive the WBG. It provides the WBG with systematic feedback from national and local governments, multilateral/bilateral agencies, media, academia, the private...

South Sudan's socio-economic outcomes have worsened over the past decade due to recurrent conflicts, fragility, and macroeconomic mismanagement compounded by global economic and climate shocks. Even before the oil shock of early 2024, per capita gross domestic product had dropped by 18 percent...

The objective of this assessment is to identify gender and social inclusion gaps with respect to equitable access to clean and modern energy in the Horn of Africa (HoA) borderlands, specifically in Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Somalia, and Sudan. It examines the differences in the...

South Sudan's extensive renewable natural resources are critically important to its predominantly rural population, which relies on largely subsistence livelihoods and has limited access to the market economy. Until recently, almost all South Sudanese lived directly off the land, while colonial...

New ODI research underscores how women's movements are leading the push for democratic governance and inclusion, particularly in contexts of eroding civic space or where democracies are increasingly authoritarian. Yet, they face growing backlash from a rising tide of politicised religion. Based...

Since its independence in 2011, South Sudan has confronted persistent challenges from conflict and climate change, profoundly disrupting its economic and social stability. This study analyzes the economic impacts of conflict and climate shocks-specifically floods and droughts-on South Sudan from...

Die existentielle Not der Menschen im Gazastreifen prägt derzeit außen- und sicherheitspolitische Debatten. Dort ist die Lage der Zivilbevölkerung besonders dramatisch. Doch auch anderswo - von der Ukraine über Sudan und Myanmar bis zur Demokratischen Republik Kongo und Haiti - haben Kriege...

The existential catastrophe faced by the population of the Gaza Strip currently looms large in the foreign policy and security debates. The plight of civilians there is par­ticularly acute. Yet, severe crises persist elsewhere too - from Ukraine and Sudan to Myanmar, the Democratic Republic of...

This study seeks to fill this gap by exploring the motivational preferences and accountability mechanisms that influence health worker performance and retention in rural South Sudan. It aims to identify practical, context-appropriate approaches to strengthen health service delivery in...

The purpose of this security situation report is to provide relevant information for the assessment of international protection status determination, including refugee status and subsidiary protection, and in particular for use in the upcoming EUAA's country guidance development on Sudan. The...

Almost two years into the conflict that began in April 2023, Sudan remains in a deepening crisis with widespread social and economic consequences. The country is facing a severe humanitarian crisis with the ongoing conflict claiming more than 61,000 lives in Khartoum state alone between April...

The purpose of this report is to provide relevant information for the assessment of applications for international protection, including refugee status and subsidiary protection, and in particular for use in the EUAA's country guidance development on Sudan. The report covers the period of 1...

The purpose of this security situation report is to provide relevant information for the assessment of international protection status determination, including refugee status and subsidiary protection, and in particular for use in the upcoming EUAA's country guidance development on Sudan. The...

The purpose of this report is to provide relevant information for the assessment of applications for international protection, including refugee status and subsidiary protection, and in particular for use in the EUAA's country guidance development on Sudan. The report covers the period of 1...

The evaluation provides an independent assessment of the performance of the cooperation managed by European Commission (referred to as the European Union (EU)) in South Sudan between 2011 and 2024, including the EU Trust Fund for Africa and the Foreign Policy Instrument, but excluding...

This report assesses the state and performance of the justice system of South Sudan through the JUPITER methodology. JUPITER uses qualitative and quantitative data to evaluate both de jure and de facto justice delivery metrics, identifying gaps in the legal framework and its implementation and...

The war in Sudan, which broke out on 15 April 2023 between the Sudanese Armed Forces (SAF) and the paramilitary Rapid Support Forces (RSF), has triggered the largest humanitarian crisis in the world. Civilians are being directly attacked by the warring parties. The violent actors are destroying...

New ODI research underscores how women's movements are leading the push for democratic governance and inclusion, particularly in contexts of eroding civic space or where democracies are increasingly authoritarian. Yet, they face growing backlash from a rising tide of politicised religion. Based...

The war in Sudan, which broke out on 15 April 2023 between the Sudanese Armed Forces (SAF) and the paramilitary Rapid Support Forces (RSF), has triggered the largest humanitarian crisis in the world. Civilians are being directly attacked by the warring parties. The violent actors are destroying...

Die existentielle Not der Menschen im Gazastreifen prägt derzeit außen- und sicherheitspolitische Debatten. Dort ist die Lage der Zivilbevölkerung besonders dramatisch. Doch auch anderswo - von der Ukraine über Sudan und Myanmar bis zur Demokratischen Republik Kongo und Haiti - haben Kriege...

The existential catastrophe faced by the population of the Gaza Strip currently looms large in the foreign policy and security debates. The plight of civilians there is particularly acute. Yet, severe crises persist elsewhere too - from Ukraine and Sudan to Myanmar, the Democratic Republic of...

Since its independence in 2011, South Sudan has confronted persistent challenges from conflict and climate change, profoundly disrupting its economic and social stability. This study analyzes the economic impacts of conflict and climate shocks-specifically floods and droughts-on South Sudan from...

The fragmentation of an economy through secession leads to a significant economic contraction. Specifically, secession is expected to severely impact food prices. This study examines the Sudanese economy, which faced profound consequences after South Sudan's secession in July 2011. The economic...

The main objective of this study is to evaluate how globalization and financial development contributed to Sudan's economic growth using data from 1978 to 2021 by applying the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model. Furthermore, a model to calculate total factor productivity and the...

Recent evolutions in refugee policy, diverging markedly from previous governmental strategies in the country, make Kenya a compelling case. Its refugee policy has transformed over time in response to evolving security threats, regional geo-political dynamics, and strategic interests. Hence, over...

Spillovers from the war in Sudan have worsened South Sudan's macroeconomic imbalances and exacerbated an already-dire humanitarian situation. A pipeline carrying 70 percent of South Sudan's oil production through Sudan has been inoperable since February 2024 and repairs have taken longer than...

South Sudan is a very fragile post-conflict country, and one of the most vulnerable in the world to climate change effects. The spillovers from the fighting in Sudan have exacerbated an already dire humanitarian situation. Two-thirds of South Sudan's population was exposed to acute food...

Public financial management reforms in the Government of South Sudan are proceeding within a challenging environment as the post-civil war recovery remains fragile. As a result, the Ministry of Finance and Planning faces significant challenges in preparing realistic budgets and enforcing...

The United Nations Integrated Transition Assistance Mission in Sudan (UNITAMS) was established at the request of Sudan’s government to assist the country’s political "transition" towards domestic peace and democratic governance. Rather then being able to see its mandate through, the Mission...

The significance of this diagnostic work stems from the fact that it is the first of its kind to be carried out under the One Health perspective in Sudan. The study aligns with the World Bank's growing focus on One Health approach to preparing for and addressing zoonotic and emerging infectious...