Following a request to the Caribbean Regional Technical Assistance Centre (CARTAC), a mission was held from July 7 to 10, 2025, in Belmopan and Belize City to assist the Belize Financial Services Commission (FSC) with prudential regulation and supervision of securities firms. The mission...

This technical assistance report documents the key phases of the scoping mission for the development of a macroeconomic model based on financial programming, conducted in Libreville from May 5 to 15, 2025, on behalf of the Ministry of Economy and Participations of Gabon. The mission undertook a...

Moldova’s State Tax Service advances audit reforms with improved VAT refund management, enhanced staffing, and governance structures. Key focus areas remain organizational optimization, manager time study, and data-driven taxpayer segmentation to improve tax compliance and risk management

At the request of the Royal Monetary Authority of Bhutan (RMA), the Monetary and Capital Markets Department (MCM) conducted a mission to review and strengthen Bhutan’s fintech regulatory sandbox (RS) framework. The mission was held from August 25 to September 2, 2025, in Thimphu, Bhutan and...

Infrastructure investment is a policy priority for Namibia to address critical gaps and support economic growth. However, a constrained fiscal environment in recent years has contributed to a decrease in public investment and capital stock. The Public Investment Management Assessment (PIMA)...

The report outlines the efforts of the International Monetary Fund to assist the Central Bank of the Congo (BCC) in operationalizing a special resolution regime for credit institutions. This initiative implements key recommendations from the Financial Sector Stability Review mission conducted by...

This Technical Assistance followed a request by the National Bank of Ukraine for a review of their existing Quarterly Projection Model (QPM) and Forecasting and Policy Analysis System (FPAS). Although the NBU had an established FPAS, which benefited from previous IMF TA, the existing model-based...

The IMF conducted a Technical Assistance (TA) mission to assist the National Reserve Bank of Tonga (NRBT) in determining an appropriate policy rate and in implementing an effective liquidity management and forecasting framework. This TA mission serves as a follow-up to previous IMF TA, which...

The Direction of Planning (DNP) of the Ministry of Finance has sought Technical Assistance from ICD to help develop capacity for public debt projections and analysis. Pre-scoping and pre-mission meetings revealed that there was no single unit responsible for producing public debt projections. It...

The Direction of Planning (DNP) of the Ministry of Finance has sought Technical Assistance from ICD to help develop capacity for public debt projections and analysis. Pre-scoping and pre-mission meetings revealed that there was no single unit responsible for producing public debt projections. It...

The Technical Assistance (TA) mission, conducted in Bridgeton, Barbados, from July 8 to 12, 2024, supported the Central Bank of Barbados (CBB) in the integration of climate risk analysis (CRA) into its banking stress testing framework, building on prior CARTAC technical assistance. It focused on...

The mission assisted the staff of the National Bank of Rwanda (NBR) in broadening the coverage of MFS, to include other financial corporations (OFCs) and compile the OFCs Survey, aligned with the IMF’s 2016 Monetary and Financial Statistics Manual and Compilation Guide (2016 MFSMCG). In...

The IMF conducted a repeat Tax Administration Diagnostic Assessment Tool (TADAT) evaluation of Armenia's tax administration system from May 12 to May 27, 2025. The assessment aimed to establish an updated baseline for tax administration performance, identify areas for potential reform, and...

This technical assistance report summarizes the findings from the IMF Fiscal Affairs Department’s September 2025 mission to Phnom Penh, aimed at renewing engagement with the General Department of Customs and Excise (GDCE) and shaping the FY2026 capacity development workplan. Against the...

An IMF mission visited both Astana and Almaty during May - June 2024. This mission was a second engagement with the National Bank of Kazakhstan (NBK) and National Payments Corporation of Kazakhstan (NPCK) following a virtual engagement during February - March 2024. Both phases sought to support...

Climate-related risks are macro-critical considerations for Burkina Faso. This Climate Policy Diagnostic identifies policy reforms that reduce balance of payment risks, boost fiscal resilience, and generate positive climate outcomes. A robust package of fiscal policies is key to accelerating...

Technical assistance to develop a macroeconomic framework was delivered to the Central Bank of Bosnia and Herzegovina (CBBH) between April 2021 and December 2023. The Quarterly Macro Forecasting Framework (QMFF) developed during this project is a quarterly framework whose main behavioral...

At the request of the Banco Nacional de Angola (BNA), a technical assistance (TA) mission from the Monetary and Capital Markets (MCM) Department visited Luanda, Angola from May 20 to May 24, 2024. The mission helped the authorities review its forecasting and policy analysis system (FPAS),...

The Gambia's economic and social development is highly impacted by climate change. Sea level rise poses substantial risks, and the country is exposed to natural disasters that could become more frequent and intense. Recurring droughts and floods impose large economic and welfare losses. With...

The Bank of Namibia (BON) explored the potential of Retail Central Bank Digital Currency (rCBDC). The key drivers included promoting financial inclusion, modernizing financial system modernization, as well as improving cross-border payments. The technical assistance (TA) mission aimed to provide...

Indonesia's key climate change policy related-data needs stem from well-defined domestic policy priorities and international commitments. The domestic policy priorities are set in the long-term strategy for low-carbon and climate resilience as well as in the medium-term national plan that among...

IMF conducted a mission at the request of the Central Bank of Belize provided technical assistance focusing on developing a framework for the supervision of electronic money issuers in Belize. The mission reviewed existing approaches to supervising firms conducting regulated financial...

This report provides an overview of the technical assistance provided by the International Monetary Fund (IMF) to the Banco de la República to support the authorities in reviewing the regulatory framework and formulating development strategies for the foreign exchange market

This report presents an analysis of the Central Bank of the Republic of Azerbaijan's (CBA) communication framework and offers recommendations for enhancement. The technical assistance mission, led by the IMF Monetary and Capital Markets Department, aimed to modernize the CBA's communication...

Technical assistance to develop a macroeconomic framework was delivered to the Central Bank of Bosnia and Herzegovina (CBBH) between April 2021 and December 2023. The Quarterly Macro Forecasting Framework (QMFF) developed during this project is a quarterly framework whose main behavioral...

Slovak Republic has made significant progress in institutionalizing spending reviews, having completed spending reviews covering 64 percent of total public spending since initiating the spending review project eight years ago. Despite progress, challenges remain, and important choices will need...

A technical assistance (TA) mission was conducted during July 8-12, 2024, to support Statistics Indonesia (BPS) in improving Energy and Air Emissions Accounts statistics. The mission provided advise on how to improve the existing Indonesia energy and air emissions accounts and provided training...

This report presents results on a review of data available to the State Revenue Committee for estimating the Personal Income Tax and Social Security Contribution gaps. It is concluded that SRC has sufficient quality data available from operational audits to assess the gaps

Peru has made significant commitments to climate change through the Law N°30754. The law stipulates the development of a national plan to fight climate change and emphasizes upon the production of data and statistics to monitor and guide the implementation of the Nationally Determined...

IMF Fiscal Affairs Department mission reviewed Kosovo's tax administration progress, highlighting achievements in increased revenue collection and compliance risk management. Recommendations for further improvement include focusing on digital transformation, enhancing human resource capacity,...

At the request of the National Bank of Rwanda (NBR), a technical assistance (TA) mission from the Monetary and Capital Markets (MCM) department was conducted from October 9 to 18, 2023, to enhance the NBR's Forecasting and Policy Analysis System (FPAS). The mission aimed to strengthen the...

The Technical Assistance (TA) mission, conducted in Victoria, Seychelles, from May 2 to 17, 2023, assisted authorities with macroprudential stress testing and climate risk analysis. The stress testing focused on strengthening the solvency and liquidity frameworks: (i) for solvency, considering...

The mission assisted the National Statistical Office of Malawi improve the quality of the published annual estimates of Gross Domestic Product (GDP), progressed the use of Value Added Tax (VAT) data as a basis for developing quarterly series and supported development of current price estimates...

A technical assistance (TA) mission on external sector statistics (ESS) was conducted to the Central Statistics Office (CSO) of Dominica as part of the Caribbean Regional Technical Assistance Centre (CARTAC) work program on ESS. The mission focused on addressing data gaps and improving...

This technical assistance report outlines the current state and future objectives for regulating crypto assets in the Republic of Kenya. The report, prepared at the request of Kenya's Capital Markets Authority, involved an analysis of crypto-asset activities and the related regulatory framework....

The workshop aimed to explore adaptive IT solutions for enhancing digital tax administration in fragile and conflict-affected states, focusing on modernizing tax systems, improving revenue collection, promoting transparency, and reducing corruption through digitalization strategies