Sustainable innovation is important in Albania, a small transition economy facing pressures from digitalization, the green transition, and increased competition. Yet the country's innovation system is still developing, and academia-business linkages remain weak. This article investigates how...

This article explores how Third Space Professionals in Mode 3 universities help bridge academic research and real-world application, fostering innovation, entrepreneurship, and social progress. They play a key role in mentoring early-career researchers, particularly by involving them in research...

Competitive public research funding is an important policy instrument to foster scientific progress. The effective design of such funding schemes and whether they generate knowledge spillovers to industrial inventions, however, remains debated. In this paper, we investigate the impacts of...

This study introduces a novel quantitative method to assess the willingness to pay for emerging technologies, such as hydrogen, as substitutes for fossil fuels in industrial production. A three-step framework is developed to derive the willingness-to-pay function based on industrial competition...

Focusing on the role of government industrial funds in bridging the equity gap, in this paper, we examine how the establishment of government industrial funds (GIFs) affects enterprise innovation and the underlying mechanism of the guiding and synergistic effects on social capital. By conducting...

Large language models (LLMs) can lower the cost of producing complex text, potentially reshaping competition for research and development (R&D) funding to private firms. We provide the first evidence on this issue using data covering the universe of firm applications to a major competitive R&D...

This paper develops a transparent, simplified version of Carnehl and Schneider (2025)'s model of knowledge creation. Our tractable framework, which yields closed-form solutions for key welfare trade-offs, preserves the essential economic mechanisms while eliminating mathematical complexity. We...

Universities play a critical role in knowledge creation and technological innovation, serving as key drivers of regional development. However, existing research has paid limited attention to the mechanisms through which university innovation inputs translate into firm-level performance,...

The war in Ukraine has demonstrated how battlefields are evolving rapidly, with new technologies shaping military strategy and tactics. Increasingly, these new technologies are being provided by startup firms, rather than by established contractors. To incorporate these new firms into the...

In this brief essay we shall consider some policy implications which arise from treating scientific expenditure as an investment producing national economic wealth. We shall seek to clarify this investment view, to link it with the question of selectivity in basic science and with the support of...

With the emergence of generative Artificial Intelligence (AI) tools (including large language models) in the popular discourse, the debate on managing, governing, and regulating the impacts of AI on society has grown considerably. In part due to the unique breadth of AI's impacts and its varying...

Bridging together the Middle-Income Trap (MIT) literature with the Global Value Chains (GVCs) approach may provide a more fine-grained understanding of the middle-income (MI) countries' developmental dilemmas. While the former identifies the structural challenges these countries face, the latter...

Academic freedom has come under growing strain across the world. To study whether and how academics react to political pressure, we exploit a natural experiment: the U.S. government's ''blacklist'' of undesirable words released in early 2025. We find that the release of this list leads to a...

The transition from an industrial-based society to a knowledge-based society marks one of the most profound societal transformations of the modern era. This shift is driven by scientific progress, technological advancements, and innovation, thereby shaping economies and social structures....

The rapid rise of generative artificial intelligence (AI), particularly Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer (ChatGPT), is transforming how knowledge is produced and innovation unfolds across disciplines. To capture this shift, we analyze 13,942 peer-reviewed publications with Latent...

Green investment has emerged as a crucial tool for sustainable development, but its determinants across heterogeneous regional contexts remain inadequately understood. This study examines determinants of green investment across Chinese provinces, focusing on R&D intensity, pollution control...

Electric vehicles (EVs) are crucial for cutting transportation emissions, yet the policy drivers of EV innovation remain underexplored. This study analyzes firm-level panel data on EV and battery patents, covering more than 4,000 firms across 19 countries from 2010 to 2021, to assess how these...

Die Studie untersucht die Innovationsleistung und die Produktivitätsentwicklung der deutschen Wirtschaft unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Situation in mittelständischen Unternehmen und des Beitrags dieser Unternehmen zu Innovation und Produktivität. Datenbasis der Analysen ist des...

Germany and Europe are often said to lag behind the United States and China in the development and application of artificial intelligence technologies and other complementary technologies. Scientific, technological and ultimately economic performance in the field of this technology bundle, often...

Technological sovereignty is Europe's foundation for competitiveness and democracy. Europe must lead - not follow - in key industrial technologies. Strategic autonomy requires shared European investment and scaling. Industrial policy must balance resilience with open innovation. Governance of...

Micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) account for most Welsh creative industries (CIs), positioning them as the main contributors to the sector's development. Despite the documented progress of the industry, there continue to be barriers hampering the engagement of MSMEs in research,...

Lower-income countries face a persistent challenge: innovation activities tend to concentrate in more developed regions. Existing research offers limited solutions, often emphasizing local advantages or frugal innovation to reduce regional disparities. This study challenges the conventional...

This paper examines China's emergence as the dominant global manufacturer of green technology, a development originally driven by its pressing domestic need to address environmental degradation and energy security. By implementing a comprehensive industrial strategy anchored in the strategic...

This study systematically reviews 53 peer-reviewed articles on public sector innovation published between 2021 and 2025 to synthesize knowledge on how innovation is conceptualized, triggered, enacted, and constrained. Findings reveal that innovation is framed across technological,...

Public-sector innovation is frequently portrayed as the domain of dedicated innovation labs and experimental units, obscuring how innovation capacity can emerge within core bureaucratic institutions. This article explores how Norway's Brønnøysund Register Centre (BRC), mainly a registry...