When investigating and controlling outbreaks caused by zoonotic avian influenza viruses (AIV), a One Health approach is key. However, knowledge-sharing on AIV-specific One Health strategies, tools and action plans remains limited across the EU/EEA. It is crucial to establish responsibilities,...

Highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) viruses continue to be widespread in wild bird populations across the European Union/European Economic Area (EU/EEA). Viruses circulating in wild birds have spilled over to both wild and domestic/farmed animals, leading to outbreaks in poultry and other...

We seek to understand the welfare of dairy cattle in Denmark from 1750 to 1900, a period marked by significant agricultural development and industrialization. By applying contemporary animal welfare metrics to historical data, we uncover a detailed picture of how bovine welfare evolved. Our...

The increasing resistance of microorganisms to antimicrobials that help to treat and control spread of infections is a major public health problem around the world. Antimicrobial resistance is aggravated by inappropriate use of antimicrobials in human and animal health and in plant and animal...

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a top threat for global health and development as it has the potential to become the next pandemic. Agriculture roughly accounts for three-quarters of all the antimicrobial usage. Modern animal husbandry systems use antimicrobials for disease prevention and...

Poor health conditions of livestock cause sizeable losses for many farmers in the Global South. Veterinary services, including vaccinations, could help but often fail to reach farmers under typical smallholder conditions. Here, we examine how the provision of a vaccine against East Cost Fever...

This threat assessment addresses the implications of the ongoing Marburg virus disease (MVD) outbreak in Rwanda for the European Union/European Economic Area (EU/EEA). MVD is a severe disease in humans and, although uncommon, it has the potential to cause epidemics with significant case...

Wild pigs (Sus scrofa) can levy substantial costs to domestic livestock operations and global supply chains due to disease introduction. Producers can take defensive action to avert these costs, but the factors influencing these decisions are not well understood. We examined survey data to...

Animal production is under constant pressure due to new and re-emerging pathogens resulting from natural evolution of micro-organisms, and anthropogenic factors such as globalisation, trade development, damages to ecosystems and climate change. Transmissible animal diseases can have devastating...

Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) outbreaks in cloven-hoofed animals cause substantial economic impacts because of animal depopulation, increased government spending on control, eradication and surveillance measures, and bans on international trade. This study employs a computable general equilibrium...

The study aims to examine the scenario of the S&P BSE and its major sectors before outbreak of novel corona virus and also the current performance of it. There is no doubt that the whole world has been affected badly; but here how the developing countries like India fighting against the COVID 19...

We document four similarities between American human healthcare and American pet care: (i) rapid growth in spending as a share of GDP over the last two decades; (ii) strong income-spending gradient; (iii) rapid growth in the employment of healthcare providers; and (iv) similar propensity for...

In the current era investor and financial advisor give lot of attention towards how to minimize the risk in investing their saving in stock market through various combinations of stocks and methods including managing daily volatility. The quality of risk measures are depends on how well model...

This paper investigates the determinants of dividend decisions of the firms listed in BSE100 index. The impact of fundamental variables like profitability, size, risk, growth and liquidity on dividend payout is examined. Statistical techniques of correlation and regression have been used to...

Prevention, control and eradication of African swine fever (ASF) is a matter of high priority for the EU as it represents a serious risk for pig farming, the European eco-system and environment as a whole.

We collect a novel dataset that covers about 130 countries and the six four-digit live animal categories in the Harmonized System (HS) over a sixteen-year period, to study the link between illicit trade in live animals and threat to animal health from infectious diseases. Our results imply that...

This study forecasts the return and volatility dynamics of S&P BSE Sensex and S&P BSE IT indices of the Bombay Stock Exchange. To achieve the objectives, the study uses descriptive statistics; tests including variance ratio, Augmented Dickey-Fuller, Phillips-Perron, and Kwiatkowski Phillips...

African swine fever (ASF) is a disease with a devastating impact on economy, affecting seriously the pig industry production and trade, discouraging farmers to restock their farms and continuing their business, overall changing policies and markets. In the last five years the ASF has badly...

Avian influenza (AI) refers to a large group of viruses that affect birds. Strains that belong to subtypes H5 or H7 and are considered virulent are classified as highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI). Domestic poultry populations have been very susceptible to HPAI infection, although some...