This paper presents a systematic review of Tunisian stakeholders' perceptions of integrating gender into green microfinance business models, analyzed through the lens of the Business Model Canvas (BMC). This systematic review of 32 studies indicates a dual perception of women as both vulnerable...

Interest in empirical studies of monetary policy has grown over the past decade, and particularly since the post COVID-19 pandemic period characterized by a surge in inflation rates in every corner of the globe. Against this backdrop, central banks' traditional inflation forecast framework has...

Forecasting natural gas demand is critical for enhancing energy efficiency, optimizing infrastructure planning, and supporting Tunisia's transition toward sustainable energy. As the fastest-growing fossil fuel and one of the cleanest among non-renewable energy sources, natural gas plays a...

This study examines how tourism development in Tunisia responds to environmental degradation, renewable energy consumption, technological innovation, and foreign direct investment. Using annual data for 1990-2023, we apply the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) bounds approach to identify...

L’économie tunisienne a connu une reprise modérée en 2025, avec une croissance atteignant 2,4 % au cours des neuf premiers mois, tirée par un rebond de l’agriculture, de la construction et du tourisme, malgré la contraction des hydrocarbures et des services financiers. L’inflation a...

Many countries seek to promote exports by subsidizing market access, but evidence on such efforts has been mixed. We present the first randomized evaluation of a government financial-support program explicitly targeting exports, the Tasdir+ program in Tunisia. The program offered matching grants...

This paper assesses the exchange rate risk exposure of Tunisia's external public debt portfolio using the delta-normal Value at Risk (VaR) approach. Based on daily data from 2004 to 2019, focusing on the main borrowing currencies (the euro, US dollar, and Japanese yen), the study identifies the...

This report provides strategic guidance to support the Government of Tunisia in advancing the sustainable development of oasis landscapes in southern Tunisia. It offers an overview of these landscapes, estimates greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from current management practices, and identifies...

L'économie tunisienne a progressé de 1.4 % en 2024 après une croissance nulle en 2023 et elle s'écarte de celle de ses voisins d'Afrique du Nord, avec un produit intérieur brut (PIB) inférieur à son niveau d'avant la pandémie en 2024. L'économie continue de fonctionner dans un...

Using time-varying Granger causality, Neural Networks Nonlinear VAR, and Wavelet Coherence analysis, we evidence the unstable effect of the money market rate on industrial production and consumer price index in Tunisia. The effect is asymmetric and depends on geopolitical risk (low versus high)....

Inflation uncertainty is a critical factor influencing not only the market mechanisms but also the economic activity efficiency. In this paper, we investigated the relationship between inflation and growth to capture the impact of inflation uncertainty in Tunisia. The study relied on a dataset...

The Country Opinion Survey in Tunisia assists the World Bank Group (WBG) in better understanding how Tunisia stakeholders perceive the WBG. It provides the WBG with systematic feedback from national and local governments, multilateral/bilateral agencies, media, academia, the private sector, and...

Using a novel dataset in a difference-in-differences framework, I study the political implications of the change in policies protecting drought-impacted communities in Tunisia in 3088 districts. In 2016, the Tunisian government had drastically reduced support to farmers affected by droughts. I...

This paper investigates the socio-economic and the energy changes that have taken place in six developing countries characterized by established tourism economies. By considering the years 2000 and 2021, the MuSIASEM approach is used to analyse the energy allocation and use that have taken place...

With the Green Deal and the energy crisis caused by Russia's war in Ukraine, the EU has accelerated the transition towards importing renew able energy, including green hydrogen, from North Africa. EU decision-makers portray the energy transition as a win-win situation, while civil society actors...

An increasing proportion of the world's poor live in fragile states, and efforts to build economic and social stability increasingly focus on those settings. Fragility harms the political and economic ecosystem, as well as individual endowments. Interventions that only focus on overcoming...

Background: This study deploys the Lean Six Sigma DMAIC framework to achieve systemic optimization of the school subscription process in Tunisia's public transport service, a critical administrative operation affecting efficiency and customer satisfaction across the urban mobility network....

The Maghreb's power-sector transition hinges on implementing the region's Nationally Determined Contributions and Low-Emission Development Strategies. Using The Integrated Market Allocation Energy Flow Optimization Model system (TIMES) energy-modelling framework, this study traces the evolution...

This study aims to identify and analyze speculative bubbles in the Tunisian stock market from 2004 to 2023 and examine the evolution of return volatility during these periods.The research uses the Supremum Augmented Dickey-Fuller (SADF) and Generalized Supremum Augmented Dickey-Fuller (GSADF)...

Environmental sustainability has become a critical focus for many companies globally. Customer expectations increasingly pressure Tunisian firms to adopt environmentally sustainable practices. This study examines the relationships between customer environmental pressure, environmental...

For decades, Maghrebi decision-makers have instrumentalised friend and foe narratives with regard to Israel and Iran, two of the most controversial regional actors in the MENA region. Only Morocco has official relations with Israel, only Algeria and Tunisia with Iran. A systematic analysis of...

This paper uses spatial variations in the enrolment rate of Tunisian pupils in 1931 to estimate the weight of colonial history on medium- and long-run educational attainment. We assemble a new dataset on the location of public primary schools and the number of pupils and teachers, together with...

In recent years, some localities in Tunisia that are among the most amenable to agritourism have focused on the development of agritourism houses with a focus on rural women through agritourism entrepreneurial training. In this regard, the current study examines the influential determinants of...

This paper uses data from the 24 governorates in Tunisia over the period 2012-2020 to study the relationship between job insertion of higher education graduates into the formal labor market and a number of independent variables, namely active labor supply, labor demand, an active labor market...

Research Question- What is the impact of professional skepticism on auditors' judgment across varying levels of control risk? Motivation- Professional skepticism has attracted the attention of various regulators, practitioners, and researchers. However, the empirical results of previous studies...

This briefing considers how the monitoring and enforcement of human rights clauses in the European Union's (EU) agreements have evolved to promote human rights compliance. A series of recommendations will be presented with a focus on the themes of consultation, monitoring, and enforcement....

This briefing considers how the monitoring and enforcement of human rights clauses in the European Union's (EU) agreements have evolved to promote human rights compliance. A series of recommendations will be presented with a focus on the themes of consultation, monitoring, and enforcement....

GovTech is a whole-of-government approach that promotes simple, efficient and transparent government with the citizen at the center of reforms. While earlier e-government programs focused on building IT systems for public administration and moving services online that often remained analog in...

When reform of gender discriminatory law fails, individual action can offer a second-best solution. As most Muslim-majority countries, Tunisia applies Islamic inheritance law, systematically favoring sons over daughters. By making gifts to their daughter, parents can privately attenuate gender...

This paper investigates the effects of severe drought shocks on Tunisia's agriculture sector during 2000-19. Using labor force surveys aligned with granular weather data, it calculates the Standardized Potential Evapotranspiration Index to detect moderate-to-severe drought shocks at the...