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Year of publication
Subject
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Schwarzarbeit 1,579 Moonlighting 1,578 Informal economy 554 Informelle Wirtschaft 554 Schattenwirtschaft 456 Underground economy 439 Employment 226 Erwerbstätigkeit 223 Arbeitsmarkt 215 Labor market 207 Arbeitsmigranten 184 Migrant workers 184 Deutschland 180 Germany 178 Theorie 167 Theory 167 EU countries 139 EU-Staaten 139 Illegal immigration 137 Illegale Migration 137 Estimation 106 Schätzung 106 Welt 103 World 103 Arbeitsmarktpolitik 79 Labour market policy 76 informal employment 68 Lohn 63 Wages 62 Steuermoral 59 Arbeitslosigkeit 58 Tax compliance 58 Unemployment 58 Atypische Beschäftigung 57 Non-standard employment 57 Italien 56 Italy 56 Multiple job holding 56 Nebentätigkeit 56 informal economy 55
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Online availability
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Free 623 Undetermined 270 CC license 32
Type of publication
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Book / Working Paper 856 Article 724 Journal 4
Subcategories
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Article in journal 589 Working paper 289 Book section 117 Government document 32 Proceedings 19 Report 7 Case study 5 Literature review 5 Statistics 4 Handbook 2 Annual report 1 Law 1 Review 1
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Language
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English 1,295 German 159 French 41 Italian 29 Russian 13 Spanish 13 Polish 10 Danish 9 Dutch 6 Hungarian 5 Bulgarian 3 Portuguese 2 Undetermined 2 Czech 1 Slovak 1 Slovenian 1 Swedish 1 Ukrainian 1
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Author
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Williams, Colin C. 123 Schneider, Friedrich 77 Williams, Colin 66 Horodnic, Ioana Alexandra 33 Enste, Dominik 32 Lehmann, Hartmut 26 Feld, Lars P. 15 Franic, Josip 14 Windebank, Jan 13 Adair, Philippe 12 Baric, Marijana 12 Hotchkiss, Julie L. 12 Quispe-Agnoli, Myriam 12 Khamis, Melanie 11 Gerard, François 10 Hazans, Mihails 10 Cichocki, Stanisław 9 Djajić, Slobodan 9 Nadin, Sara 9 Rodgers, Peter 9 Brück, Tilman 8 Epstein, Gil S. 8 Haisken-DeNew, John P. 8 Stark, Oded 8 Zaiceva, Anzelika 8 Zimmermann, Klaus F. 8 Bohn, Sarah 7 Bühn, Andreas 7 Chen, Martha Alter 7 Chiarini, Bruno 7 Gonzaga, Gustavo 7 Guariglia, Alessandra 7 Kim, Byung-Yeon 7 Kimmel, Jean 7 Koettl, Johannes 7 Larsen, Claus 7 Liang, Zhe 7 Merz, Joachim 7 Pignatti, Norberto 7 Renooy, Piet 7
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Institution
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OECD 13 National Bureau of Economic Research 5 Dr. Rainer Hampp <Firma> 4 Europäische Kommission 4 Internationale Arbeitsorganisation 4 World Bank 4 Rockwool Fonden / Forskningsenhed 3 Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden 3 Deutschland / Bundesamt für Migration und Flüchtlinge 2 Edward Elgar Publishing 2 European Commission / Directorate-General for Employment, Social Affairs and Inclusion 2 European Migration Network / Nationaler Kontaktpunkt Österreich 2 European Parliament 2 European Parliament / Directorate-General for Internal Policies of the Union 2 Frankreich / Délégation Interministérielle à la Lutte contre le Travail Illégal 2 Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung / Abteilung Wirtschafts- und Sozialpolitik 2 Internationales Arbeitsamt 2 Internationales Arbeitsamt / Employment Policy Department 2 USA / Division of Immigration Policy and Research 2 Universität Kassel 2 William Davidson Institute <Ann Arbor, Mich.> 2 World Institute for Development Economics Research 2 Arbetsmarknadsekonomiska rådet 1 CEIL-PIETTE <Buenos Aires> 1 Centro Interdisciplinario de Estudios sobre el Desarrollo <Montevideo> 1 Centro studi Confindustria 1 Centăr za izsledvane na demokracijata 1 Deutschland / Bundesministerium der Finanzen 1 Deutschland / Bundesministerium für Arbeit und Soziales 1 Deutschland / Bundesministerium für Arbeit und Sozialordnung 1 Deutschland / Bundeswehr / Universität Hamburg 1 European Parliament / Directorate-General for Parliamentary Research Services 1 European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights 1 Europäische Kommission / Beschäftigungspolitik und Arbeitsmarkt 1 Europäische Kommission / Generaldirektion Beschäftigung, Soziale Angelegenheiten und Bildung 1 Europäische Kommission / Generaldirektion Beschäftigung, Soziales und Integration 1 Europäische Kommission / Generaldirektion Beschäftigung, Soziales und Integration / Unit Labour Mobility, Public Employment Services, ELA 1 Europäischer Wirtschafts- und Sozialausschuss 1 Europäisches Parlament / Ausschuss für bürgerliche Freiheiten, Justiz und Inneres 1 Europäisches Parlament / Referat Unterstützung des Wirtschaftspolitischen Handelns 1
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Published in...
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Discussion paper series 59 IZA Discussion Paper 36 Handbook on the shadow economy 23 Assessing informal employment and skills needs : approaches and insights from regional and local labour market monitoring 15 CESifo working papers 13 Applied economics 12 Combating the illegal employment of foreign workers 10 Working paper / World Institute for Development Economics Research 10 IZA world of labor : evidence-based policy making 9 International labour review 9 Revue économique : revue bimestrielle 9 The Indian journal of labour economics : a quarterly journal of Indian Society of Labour Economics 9 Wirtschaftsdienst : Zeitschrift für Wirtschaftspolitik 9 Policy research working paper : WPS 8 Applied economics letters 7 Intereconomics : review of European economic policy 7 International journal of entrepreneurship and small business 7 International journal of manpower 7 Labour : review of labour economics and industrial relations 7 Working paper 7 World Bank Policy Research Working Paper 7 CESifo Working Paper Series 6 Employee relations 6 International tax and public finance 6 Key indicators of Informality based on Individuals and their Households (KIIbIH) 6 Labor and globalization 6 Labour economics : official journal of the European Association of Labour Economists 6 List-Forum für Wirtschafts- und Finanzpolitik 6 The service industries journal 6 Working papers 6 Arbeitspapier / Sonderforschungsbereich 3, Mikroanalytische Grundlagen der Gesellschaftspolitik, J.W. Goethe-Universität Frankfurt und Universität Mannheim 5 Discussion paper / Centre for Economic Policy Research 5 GLO discussion paper 5 ILO working paper 5 Industrial relations : a journal of economy & society 5 Industrial relations journal 5 International migration 5 Irregular migration : dynamics, impact, policy options 5 Jahrbuch Schattenwirtschaft 5 Journal of economic studies 5
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Source
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ECONIS (ZBW) 1,578 EconStor 3 RePEc 3
Showing 1 - 50 of 1,363
 
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How (not) to ask about undeclared work : estimating prevalence and patterns using a survey experimental approach
Burgstaller, Llilith; Feld, Lars P. - 2026
Reliable estimates of undeclared work in Germany are scarce, yet they matter for tax and social security policy. Using two large-scale surveys of the German general population and recipients of transfer benefits particularly, we elicit the prevalence of the supply and demand of undeclared work...
Persistent link: https://ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10015654590
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Long-run career outcomes of multiple job holding
Muffert, Johanna; Riphahn, Regina T. - 2026
Persistent link: https://ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10015596746
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Long-run career outcomes of multiple job holding
Muffert, Johanna; Riphahn, Regina T. - 2025
Book / Working Paper
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Long-run career outcomes of multiple job holding
Muffert, Johanna; Riphahn, Regina T. - 2025
Book / Working Paper
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Long-run career outcomes of multiple job holding
Muffert, Johanna; Riphahn, Regina T. - 2025
Book / Working Paper
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Research on the shadow economy and assessment of is scale : on the example of Kazakhstan
Mergenbaeva, Aziza Tojmachambetovna; Nurasheva, Kulyanda; … - 2026
The manuscript aims to assess the scale of shadow economic processes within the non-observed economy, focusing on the self-employment sector, which is insufficiently reflected in national statistics. The research methodology includes an analysis of the conceptual foundations of the shadow...
Persistent link: https://ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10015633830
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The long shade of labor informality
Álvarez, Andrés; Becerra, Oscar; Fernández, Manuel - 2026
Persistent link: https://ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10015609099
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Neoliberalism, informal employment and post-communist economies : a tale of a debt-seized worker
Popesko, Boris; Uddin, Shahzad; Urban, David - 2026
Persistent link: https://ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10015666622
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Recent trends on informal employment in Georgia
Pignatti, Clemente - 2026
Drawing on data from the Georgian Labour Force Survey (2021-2022), this paper provides a detailed statistical profile of informal employment in Georgia and discusses its key drivers. Around four workers out of ten were informally employed in Georgia in 2022. The large majority (69 per cent) of...
Persistent link: https://ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10015612385
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Tax disincentives to formal employment in Latin America
Bargain, Olivier; Jara, H. Xavier; Rivera, David - 2026
Tax-benefit systems in Latin America have expanded alongside social protection, yet persistently high informality continues to constrain fiscal capacity and redistribution. This paper examines how tax policy changes affect formal employment in Bolivia, Colombia, and Ecuador over three periods...
Persistent link: https://ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10015641321
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Integrating national accounting and macroeconomic approaches to estimate the underground, informal, and illegal economy in European countries
Dell' Anno, Roberto - 2025
Persistent link: https://ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10015466836
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Assessment of Informal Employment in Georgia
2026
Labor informality is a policy concern in Georgia and other developing countries. International evidence suggests that economies associated with high informality are characterized with higher levels of inequality, lower productivity, higher levels of poverty, and lower levels of human and...
Persistent link: https://ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10015656005
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Demand-side perspective on the informal economy : a review and research agenda
Małecka, Agnieszka; Mitręga, Maciej; Pfajfar, Gregor - 2025
Persistent link: https://ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10015456290
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Power resources and the battle against precarious employment : trade union activities within a tripartite initiative tackling undeclared work in Sweden
Håkansta, Carin; Albin, Maria; Kreshpaj, Bertina; … - 2024
Persistent link: https://ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10014575703
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Formal labor market dynamics and development
Brockmeyer, Anne; Gerard, François; Ulyssea, Gabriel; … - 2026
Persistent link: https://ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10015666292
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Formal labor market dynamics and development
Brockmeyer, Anne; Gerard, François; Ulyssea, Gabriel; … - 2026
Book / Working Paper
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Fostering decent jobs, formalising informal employment and spurring job mobility in MENA countries
Adair, Philippe; AlAzzawi, Shireen; Hlásny, Vladimír - 2024
Persistent link: https://ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10015135536
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Gendered labor market responses to increased import competition
Alewell, Leoni; Heckl, Pia - 2025
Over the last decades, globalization has led to more integrated markets which fostered the transformation of economies around the world. How do domestic labor markets react to increased competition from abroad? This Policy Brief examines the effect of an import shock on the Mexican labor market...
Persistent link: https://ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10015327478
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Foggy social structures : irregular migration, European labour markets and the welfare state
2025 - First edition.
INTRODUCTION 1 Irregular migration as a structural phenomenon PART I IRREGULAR MIGRATION AND EASTERN ENLARGEMENT 2 From irregular migrants to fellow Europeans: Changes in Romanian migratory flows 3 Illegality in everyday life: Polish workers in Dutch agriculture 4 The informal economy of paid...
Persistent link: https://ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10015597294
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Economic sanctions and informal employment
Moghaddasi Kelishomi, Ali; Nisticò, Roberto - 2024
Persistent link: https://ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10015181996
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Economic sanctions and informal employment
Moghaddasi Kelishomi, Ali; Nisticò, Roberto - 2023
Book / Working Paper
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Economic sanctions and informal employment
Moghaddasi Kelishomi, Ali; Nisticò, Roberto - 2023
Book / Working Paper
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Informal employment, the tertiary sector, and the Gross Domestic Product : a structural equations model for the Mexican economy
Robles Ortiz, David; Ambriz Torres, Raymundo Alexei - 2024
In Mexico, approximately 55% of the working population is employed informally, contributing 24.4% to the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in 2022. This study analyzed the impact of wages, taxes, government spending, and unemployment on the informal economy of Mexico from 1980 to 2022, as well as its...
Persistent link: https://ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10015197901
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Social distance and informal employment reporting
Dell' Anno, Roberto; Puca, Marcello - 2025
Persistent link: https://ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10015640591
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Access for domestic workers to labour and social protection : the case of Kosovo
Haxhikadrija, Amir; Mustafa, Artan - 2024
Persistent link: https://ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10015448003
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Handbook on regularisation policies : practices, debates and outcomes
2025
This Handbook demonstrates that migrant regularisation is not an exceptional measure but a core policy tool of migration governance. It examines policy designs, actors, and implementation challenges, highlighting impacts on labour markets, rights and social cohesion. Drawing on evidence from...
Persistent link: https://ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10015636514
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Minimum wages and informality
Derenoncourt, Ellora; Gerard, François; Lagos, Lorenzo; … - 2025
How do minimum wages affect informality? We study the near-doubling of the real minimum wage from 2000 to 2009 in Brazil, where 46% of the workforce is informal. Using labor force surveys covering the informal sector, we show the minimum wage exhibits near full passthrough to informal employees...
Persistent link: https://ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10015484296
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Access for domestic workers to labour and social protection : the case of Serbia
Pejin Stokić, Ljiljana - 2024
Persistent link: https://ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10015448004
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Labour migration and development in Azerbaijan, 1998-2022
Ismayilov, Vilayat; Aslanzade, Ilham; Guliyev, Ramil; … - 2024
Persistent link: https://ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10015414765
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Sort arbejde i Danmark 2021 : omfang, karakteristika og tabt skatteprovenu
Ebbesen Skov, Af Peer; Raagaard, Frederik Blæhr - 2025
Persistent link: https://ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10015560328
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Workers in informal employment organising and acting collectively : the role of trade unions
Xhafa, Edlira; Serrano, Melisa R. - 2024
The expansion of informal employment has been associated with increased exploitation and decent work deficits, leading to widespread poverty and growing inequalities. In response, a variety of forms of collective representation and action by and with informal workers have emerged demanding...
Persistent link: https://ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10015053977
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Challenging the formality bias : the organization of informal work, working relations, and collective agency in Kenya and Tanzania
Riisgaard, Lone; Torm, Nina; Kinyondo, Godbertha; … - 2024
Persistent link: https://ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10014475141
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Tax evasion, education and shadow economy
Ciucci, Salvatore - 2024
Persistent link: https://ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10015045601
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Informal work and how to measure it : a formal consensus at the 100th International Conference of Labour Statisticians
Belchamber, Grant; Schetagne, Sylvain - 2024
Persistent link: https://ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10015054035
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Structural transformation and the platform economy in the labour market : the case of drivers and delivery workers in Brazil
Roubaud, François; Razafindrakoto, Mireille; Neto, … - 2024
Persistent link: https://ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10014633021
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Extreme lockdowns and the gendered informalization of employment : evidence from the Philippines
Ramos, Vincent Jerald - 2024
Persistent link: https://ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10015376910
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Informality and wealth distribution: a heterogeneous agent model
Gil, Hamilton Galindo; Ledesma, Alan; Yepez, Luis; … - 2024
Persistent link: https://ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10014553074
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Tackling the shadow economy in Azerbaijan : are there any results?
Bagirzadeh, Elshan; Niftiyev, Ibrahim - 2026
Persistent link: https://ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10015619065
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Breaking the Vicious Circles of Informal Employment and Low-Paying Work
2024
This report adds two perspectives on informality. First, it disassembles the mechanics of the deleterious links between informal employment, low-paying work and low skills. It shows that informal employment is highly persistent, and that the vulnerability of informal workers is passed on to...
Persistent link: https://ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10014491457
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Shadow economy in Kyrgyzstan : analyses and tackling policies
Tilekeyev, Kanat - 2026
Persistent link: https://ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10015619071
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New technologies, e-government and informality
Chacaltana, Juan; Bárcia de Mattos, Fernanda; García … - 2024
This working paper studies the complex relationship between technology adoption and infor­mality, leveraging recent cross-country data to analyse the effects of mobile phone subscrip­tions, internet access, automation and e-government on informal employment, vulnerable em­ployment, and the...
Persistent link: https://ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10014515827
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The welfare effects of unemployment insurance in Argentina : new estimates using changes in the schedule of transfers
González Rozada, Martín; Ruffo, Hernán - 2026
Persistent link: https://ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10015644299
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Partial legalization and parallel markets : the effect of lawful crossing on unlawful crossing at the US Southwest border
Clemens, Michael A. - 2024
Legal and illegal markets often coexist. In theory, marginal legalization can either substitute for the remaining parallel market, or complement it via scale effects. I study migrants crossing without prior authorization at the US southwest border, where large-scale unlawful crossing coexists...
Persistent link: https://ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10014520536
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16. Understanding job insecurity in formal and informal work
Shoss, Mindy; Saxena, Mahima - 2026
Job insecurity is core to key work-related outcomes including well-being and performance. Working from the premise that job insecurity should be understood within the context in which it occurs, we make a case for differentially approaching research on insecurity in formal and informal work...
Persistent link: https://ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10015674747
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Non-EU nationals in irregular employment in Ireland
Stapleton, Amy; Cunniffe, Emily; Quinn, Emma - 2024
Irregular employment, broadly understood as employment that is insufficiently covered by formal arrangements either in law or in practice, presents problems for the State in terms of tax revenue and regulation, whether it is undertaken by Irish, EU or non-EU nationals. For non-EU nationals,...
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Moonlighting and organizational performance in the Nigerian banking sector
Oladimeji, Moruff Sanjo; Ayo-Balogun, Atinuke Oluwatoyin; … - 2023
Persistent link: https://ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10014531553
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The entrepreneurial cognitive adjustment mechanism : transitional entrepreneurship as a solution to mitigate illegal migration
Arteaga-Fonseca, Jorge; Zhang, Yi Elaine; Bylund, Per L. - 2023
Purpose - In this paper, the authors suggest that Central Americans can use entrepreneurship to solve economic uncertainty in their home country and that entrepreneurship can contribute to reducing the number of undocumented migrants to the USA. Design/methodology/approach - The authors first...
Persistent link: https://ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10014496330
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Social Protection and Labor Market Policies for the Informally Employed
Castellanos, Luis Eduardo; Franco Restrepo, Camila; … - 2024
This paper provides conceptual definitions and distinctions between formalization, worker protection and productivity enhancement, and examines the impact of social protection and labor market policies in achieving these inter-related yet distinct policy goals. Focusing on empirical evidence...
Persistent link: https://ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10015113589
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The gendered relationship between temporary, informal employment and wages : evidence from the Turkish labor market
Duman, Anil - 2023
Persistent link: https://ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10014451817
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Informal Employment in Malaysia
Abdur Rahman, Amanina; Cheng, Natalie Fang Ling; … - 2024
This report aims to narrow the knowledge gap on informal employment in Malaysia, with the ultimate objective of suggesting policy recommendations to strengthen the protection and productivity of informally employed workers. Using a working definition of informal employment based on coverage by a...
Persistent link: https://ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10015113623
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Climbing the (in)formality job ladder: determinants and dynamics of labour informality in Peru
Opazo Valenzuela, Tomás - 2024
Persistent link: https://ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10015173740
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"Stay at home (if you can)" : informal employment and COVID-19 in Mexico
Chapa Cantú, Joana Cecilia; Saldaña Villanueva, … - 2023
Persistent link: https://ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10014308167
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Revisiting the undeclared service economy as a dual labour market : lessons from a 2019 Eurobarometer survey
Williams, Colin C.; Kayaoglu, Aysegul - 2023
Persistent link: https://ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10014338626
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Heterogeneous effect of out-migration on informal employment in rural Nepal
Katwal, Saurav; Uematsu, Hiroki; Niraula, Baburam - 2024
This research examines the heterogeneous impact of out-migration on the informal employment within the framework of rural transformation in Nepal. Employing a multinomial Probit model with instrumental variables, we analyze the influence of household-level migration on the informal employment...
Persistent link: https://ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10015196541
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Optimal redistribution with a shadow economy
Doligalski, Paweł; Rojas, Luis E. - 2023
We extend the theory of optimal redistributive taxation to economies with an informal sector. In particular, in our model, workers can supply labor simultaneously to the formal and the informal sectors, which we call moonlighting. The optimal tax formula contains two novel terms capturing...
Persistent link: https://ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10014325234
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Optimal redistribution with a shadow economy
Doligalski, Paweł; Rojas, Luis E. - 2016
Book / Working Paper
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Effect of informal employment on overeducation in developing countries with a focus on the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC)
Mosengo, Cédrick Kalemasi; Zamo Akono, Christian Marie - 2024
The aim of this study is to assess the effect of informal employment on the occurrence of overeducation in developing countries, focusing on the specific case of the DRC. Using employment data, we determine the incidence of overeducation and we isolate the role of informal employment as a...
Persistent link: https://ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10014477636
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