This paper uses a non-linear dynamic factor model to investigate the innovation convergence dynamics across US states from 1992 to 2020. Our results indicate that multiple innovation clubs exist within the US, and the heterogeneity between those clusters is increasing over time. Moreover, we...

The financial environment is under great pressure as a result of dynamically changing macroeconomic factors. In this situation, full of uncertainty, understanding the relationship between macroeconomic factors and financial markets becomes a key issue. Market analysts and investors are...

The educational distribution of U.S. immigrants shifted significantly to the right in recent decades as the share without a high school diploma fell and the share with a bachelor's degrees rose. This improvement coincided with a shift in immigrants' origins toward Asia and rising global...

This study examines the extent to which market size disparity across franchises - measured as the coefficient of variation of MSA populations - moderates the effectiveness of competitive balance interventions (CBIs) in Major League Baseball (MLB), the National Football League (NFL), the National...

Alzheimer's disease (AD) disproportionately burdens racial and ethnic minority populations, yet the extent to which US clinical trials reflect this burden remains poorly understood. We conduct a systematic review of all 88 completed US-based Phase III AD drug trials between 1997 and 2023, using...

This paper studies the impact of US interstate bank branching deregulation on school finance and student achievement, leveraging the deregulation as a state tax revenue shock. Total revenue and expenditure increase following the deregulation. The revenue increase stems mainly from higher state...

This paper discusses the key concepts and main stylized facts concerning household real income and income inequality in the United States in recent decades. It explains the widely used summary measures of income distribution, which reveal that income inequality in the US has been steadily...

This paper extends the gravity model to financial markets by examining how distance and bilateral linkages influence stock market correlations between the United States and selected emerging economies. To this end, the Poisson Pseudo Maximum Likelihood (PPML) estimator is used to account for...

Alzheimer's disease (AD) disproportionately burdens racial and ethnic minority populations, yet the extent to which US clinical trials reflect this burden remains poorly understood. We conduct a systematic review of all 88 completed US-based Phase III AD drug trials between 1997 and 2023, using...

Prior studies assessing welfare across countries have utilised measures that combine country-level outcomes in income and life expectancy. However, this perspective remains blind to the fact that two countries may have the same life expectancy and/or average income but very different underlying...

This study examines the economic returns to education in the U.S. using 2024 CPS data and compares Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression with a Double Machine Learning (DML) framework incorporating models such as random forests, boosted trees, lasso, GAMs, and neural networks (MLP). Results...

The Agricultural and Food Policy Center (AFPC) at Texas A&M University develops and maintains data to simulate 91 representative crop, dairy, and livestock operations in major production areas of 30 states. The chief purpose of this analysis is to project the economic viability of those farms by...

This paper combines international evidence from worker and firm surveys conducted in 2025 and 2026 to document large gaps in AI adoption, both between the US and Europe and across European countries. Cross-country differences in worker demographics and firm composition account for an important...

Emergency departments are a primary point of contact between older adults and the healthcare system, yet standard emergency care is poorly adapted to the complex needs of geriatric patients. Geriatric Emergency Departments (GEDs) - accredited units that integrate geriatric-trained staff,...

This study examines the determinants of gold returns over the period 2000-2025, a period marked by recurrent financial crises, geopolitical tensions, and major shifts in global monetary conditions. As gold represents both a strategic commodity and a key reserve asset, understanding the channels...

This paper combines international evidence from worker and firm surveys conducted in 2025 and 2026 to document large gaps in AI adoption, both between the US and Europe and across European countries. Cross-country differences in worker demographics and firm composition account for an important...

This study examines the economic returns to education in the U.S. using 2024 CPS data and compares Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression with a Double Machine Learning (DML) framework incorporating models such as random forests, boosted trees, lasso, GAMs, and neural networks (MLP). Results...

In 1893, Frederick Jackson Turner proposed that America's Far Western frontier was an economic 'safety-valve,' a place where settlers migrated when European and eastern states' economic and social conditions crystallized against their upward mobility. However, Turner's hypothesis has come under...

Housing is the largest capital asset for most families. While the intergenerational mobility literature has extensively studied the income distribution, it has devoted less attention to housing, in part due to data limitations. We document 3 features of intergenerational mobility by comparing...

This paper examines how proposed U.S. restrictions on international students would affect the nation's STEM workforce and long-run economic growth. Focusing on the most common pipeline from U.S. universities to the labor market, we show that international education is the principal mechanism by...

This paper examines the trade dimensions of the policy instruments employed by the United States to secure critical minerals supply chains. Drawing on policy statements, executive orders, tariff schedules, and six bilateral critical minerals agreements announced in 2025, it assesses how US trade...

This paper offers a historically grounded reinterpretation of Keynesianism within the context of U.S. economic development and global capitalist transformation. It traces the evolution of Keynes's core insights into a form of structural Keynesianism, shaped by institutionalism, post-Keynesian...

This study examines dynamic interdependencies and risk transmission among major cryptocurrencies and traditional financial assets, including Bitcoin, Ethereum, U.S. equities, and gold, over the period 2017-2024. Particular attention is given to the structural shift associated with the 2024 U.S....

We estimate the effect of neighborhood disorder on dementia risk among middle-aged and older adults in the United States and identify cardiometabolic dysregulation as a mediating biological pathway. Using data from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS, 2006-2020), we show that exposure to...

This study investigates credit unions' expansion into non-core lending and its association with risk and financial resilience. Using US credit union call report data from 1994 to 2024, we measure the share of purchased loans, lease receivables, and loans held for sale in non-core lending. We...

This paper draws on trade data, academic literature, government reports, and policy documents to contextualize historic trade dynamics and trace the buildup to recent disputes. Using a comparative framework, we analyze how Sino-U.S. and Sino-Canada relations have shaped and continue to shape...

A comprehensive understanding of the determinants of sexual violence constitutes a crucial step toward effective prevention. While there is much research on the role of socio-economic circumstances of both victims acund perpetrators, little is known about whether an individual's physical...

We study political shocks as potential birth outcomes stressors, specifically the unexpected result of the 2016 U.S. presidential election. We investigate this two-sided shock using an innovative data linkage: Colorado voter registrations and birth certificates, matched by sex, birth year, and...

This study utilizes eight waves of the US Health and Retirement Study (HRS) and its "Leave-Behind" module (2006-2020) to explore the extent to which Locus of Control (LoC) influences the uptake of breast and prostate cancer screening. While traditional socioeconomic factors only partially...

This paper examines how declining migration opportunities to the United States affect local labor markets in Mexico. Using novel micro-level data from consular identification cards and deportations, we link individuals’ Mexican municipalities of origin to their U.S. destination states. We...

Worker productivity depends not only on hours worked, but also on how work time is actually used, and time-use evidence shows that non-work at work is non-trivial. This paper provides a data-driven characterization of shirking, and studies which observable characteristics best predict shirking...