This paper presents principles that could guide the design of more targeted policy support and facilitate the restructuring of firms adversely impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. To this end, the paper takes stock of vulnerabilities and risks in the enterprise sector and assesses countries'...

This study examines the influence of financial distress on corporate restructuring decisions and whether this restructuring varies across the Firm Life Cycle (FLC) stages of Pakistani non-financial listed firms for the 12 years from 2005 to 2016 inclusive. FLC stages and financial distress are...

The reorganization of the companies, as a worldwide accepted concept of avoiding liquidation, is perceived as very complex issue, both in academic environmental and the circle of practitioners and government bodies.The complexity of this issue primarily derives from its multidisciplinary and...

This papers develops a taxonomy of financially distressed and zombie firms using a rich dataset that combines detailed firm-level and bank-firm level information in Spain. A distressed firm exhibits both cash-flow and balance-sheet insolvency whereas a zombie firm is a distressed company that...

Bankruptcy restructuring procedures are used in most legal systems to decide the fate of businesses facing financial hardship. We study how bargaining failures in such procedures impact the economic performance of participating firms in the context of Croatia, which introduced a...

In May 2014, the European Commission published the Bank Recovery and Resolution Directive (BRRD). The directive introduces rules on bank resolution and restructuring including a bailin tool. It constitutes the legal foundation underlying the Single Resolution Mechanism (SRM). Member countries of...

Bankruptcy restructuring procedures are used in most legal systems to decide the fate of businesses facing financial hardship. We study how bargaining failures in such procedures impact the economic performance of participating firms in the context of Croatia, which introduced a "pre-bankruptcy...

Bankruptcy restructuring procedures are used in most legal systems to decide the fate of businesses facing financial hardship. We study how bargaining failures in such procedures impact the economic performance of participating firms in the context of Croatia, which introduced a "pre-bankruptcy...

Bankruptcy restructuring procedures are used in most legal systems to decide the fate of businesses facing financial hardship. We study how bargaining failures in such procedures impact the economic performance of participating firms in the context of Croatia, which introduced a "pre-bankruptcy...

During economic downturns, firms file for bankruptcy in an effort to attempt a "turnaround". The objective of this study is to assess the effectiveness of retrenchment strategies in the context of bankruptcy, as the most severe form of crisis. We conducted a longitudinal analysis of a sample of...

A European directive requires Member States to give firms access to preventive restructuringprocedures. This paper assesses the interest of a procedure distinct from that for insolvent firms. Itis based on the French experience, where a preventive procedure has coexisted with the morecommon...

Bank bailouts during periodic financial crises aim to stop financial panic and restore the stability of the financial system. Even if they are undesirable, future bank bailouts are unavoidable due to political and political economy reasons, whether or not they are regulated or economically...

This paper develops a taxonomy of financially distressed and zombie firms based on a rich dataset that combines detailed firm-level and bank-firm level information in Spain. A distressed firm exhibits both cash-flow and balance-sheet insolvency whereas a zombie firm is a distressed company that...

In this essay, we propose a principled approach for government bailouts of critical/systemic firms who find themselves in COVID-19-induced financial distress. We also demonstrate why bankruptcy is the wrong tool to address the problems of these types of firms. The current pandemic threatens...

Objective - This article aims to examine the influence of content dimensions of Organization Change Theory, such as CEO Expertise, Free Assets, Debt to Equity Ratio and Growth of Sales, on a company's turnaround ability when it is experiencing financial distress. The companies examined are...

In this paper we employ a novel identification scheme to show the causal effect of negative shocks to banks on the real economy. The identification is based on exploiting distressed mergers of German savings banks. We show that these mergers represent exogenous shocks to the (initially...

The U.S. government uses its voting power to direct IMF funds to countries where U.S. banks stand to lose the most from sovereign default -- a de facto bailout. Consistent with this, the likelihood a defaulting sovereign is granted an IMF loan is increasing in U.S. banks' exposure to that...

We develop a model of a firm in financial distress. Distress can be mitigated by filing for bankruptcy, which is costly, or preempted by restructuring, which is impeded by a collective action problem. We find that bankruptcy and restructuring are complements, not substitutes: Reducing bankruptcy...

From the proliferation of community bail funds to the implementation of new risk assessment tools to the limitation and even eradication of money bail, reform movements have altered the landscape of pretrial detention. Yet little attention has been paid to the emerging reality of a post-money...

Could there be a hidden cause of chronic failure in a corporation, where over many years multiple CEOs and new strategies can't revitalize the firm after a past painful stumble? An emerging theory is that the persistent after effects of a cultural, managerial or economic trauma can cripple an...

We study the interaction between a government's bailout policy and banks' willingness to impose losses on (or \bail in") their investors. The government has limited commitment and may choose to bail out banks facing large losses. The anticipation of this bailout undermines a bank's private...

This paper studies the link between bank recapitalization and welfare in a dynamic production economy. The model features financial frictions because banks benefit of a cost advantage at monitoring firms and face costly equity issuance. The competitive equilibrium outcome is inecient because...

Krise – der Anfang vom Ende? -- Sanierung oder Zerschlagung? -- Sanierungswege -- Sanierungskonzept -- Sanierungstaktik, Sanierungskommunikation, Sanierungshelfer -- Sanierungsbeteiligte -- Haftungsrisiken -- Steuern in Krise und Insolvenz -- Insolvenzverfahren -- StaRUG -- Restschuldbefreiung...

We show that laws and institutions that strengthen creditor protection increase expected recovery rates on collateral using unique internal bank data on ex-ante appraised liquidation values and market values of assets pledged as collateral from secured loans in 16 countries. Stronger creditor...