Purpose: The study explores the country-of-origin effect on the product evaluation of wine offerings from South Africa in European markets. We examine whether a liability of emergingness manifests and its characteristics from an African context. Design/methodology/approach: Using a qualitative...

Rules of origin differ among overlapping free trade agreements, raising firm compliance costs, discouraging utilization of trade preferences, and hindering regional value chains. Using a unique dataset comparing the restrictiveness of product-specific rules of origin (PSRO) between the Regional...

Rules of origin are critical components of preferential trade agreements designed to stop products coming in under insufficient transformation or through the partner that applies the lowest tariff. But in practice, these rules are often needlessly complex, undoing the benefits of market access...

Purpose The objective of the study is to identify both reasons for ignoring and for paying attention to the country of origin (COO) by consumers when choosing brands of durable goods. Design/methodology/approach In this paper a qualitative approach was applied, i.e. 25 in-depth semistructured...

Paper's objectives: The purpose of this paper is to examine the ways in which to neutralize the country-of-origin (COO) effect (COE) in the emerging market of firms' international branding. Design/methods applied/approach used: A multiple-case study of five companies from European and Asian...

We revisit the heterogeneous effects of regional trade agreements (RTAs) using a PPML gravity model and comparing apparel and total trade. The politically-sensitive apparel sector has specialized, usually restrictive, rules of origin (ROOs) clauses that vary considerably across RTAs. Our RTA...

We explore the non-monotonic relationship between the restrictiveness of rules of origin (ROO) and beneficiaries' value-added embedded in preferential exports. Using data for the European Union's GSP schemes, we calculate the value-added maximizing level of ROO restrictiveness. Results suggest...

The purpose of this report is to provide relevant information for the assessment of international protection status determination, including refugee status and subsidiary protection, and in particular for use in updating EUAA's country guidance development on Syria. The report covers the period...

We study the welfare impact of rules of origin in free trade agreements where final-good producers source customized inputs from suppliers within the trading bloc. We employ a property-rights framework that features hold-up problems in suppliers’ decisions to invest, and where underinvestment...

We study the welfare impact of rules of origin in free trade agreements where final-good producers source customized inputs from suppliers within the trading bloc. We employ a property-rights framework that features hold-up problems in suppliers' decisions to invest, and where underinvestment is...

This study analyzes how Korea’s regional supply chain have been affected by the rules of origin of major FTAs to which Korea is a signatory party. When new rules of origin are introduced following the conclusion of an FTA, Korean final goods producers have two options. Option one: they can...

An explosion of different preferential rules of origin (PROO) has accompanied the spread of preferential trade agreements (PTAs) around the world. Complying with PROO requirements entail costs for producers, exporters, and customs officials. Observers, firms, customs officials, and policymakers...

The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) on 2 July 2021 changed its rules of origin (RoO) pertaining to when a product can be said to have originated from within the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) for the purpose of utilising the preferential tariff rates. The new RoO require a 40% value added to the...

This paper studies the effect of emigration on gender norms in countries of migrants’ origin. We use an instrumental variable strategy that allows us to estimate a causal effect of emigration on gender inequality. Our findings suggest that emigration to countries with low (high) levels of...