Background: There is a lack of studies on the waste of fruits and vegetables covering both distributors and the retail sector. Our study advances from previous ones by proposing the analysis of local retailers of different sizes and wholesalers. Our objective was to analyze the logistical...

Forward commodity markets allow more efficient risk-sharing and information aggregation, but there is little evidence that this reduces the cost of producing the commodity. We develop a measure of the extent to which forward and spot prices agree in commodity markets with transaction costs and...

This article details the substantial progress that China has made in fulfilling its commitments under her World Trade Organization accession agreements in opening up her retail, wholesale, distribution and trading sectors to foreign investment during the period 2001 to 2009

The purpose of this paper is to appoint the causality between economic activity in the sector of distributive trade and the economic growth of 28 European Union nations. Specifically, it examines the impact of changes in turnover per employee in the distributive trade sector in EU member states...

The 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments stipulated gasoline content requirements for metropolitan areas with air pollution levels above predetermined federal thresholds. The legislation led to exogenous changes in the type of gasoline required for sale across US metropolitan areas. This paper uses a...

Economic theory does not provide sharp predictions on the welfare effects of banning wholesaleprice discrimination: if downstream cost differences exist, then discrimination shifts productioninefficiently, toward high-cost retailers, so a ban increases welfare; if differences in price...

I investigate how the burden of consumption taxes not borne by consumers is shared between upstream firms that produce a taxed good and downstream firms that sell the goods. Using novel data on monthly brand-level cigarette wholesale prices and retail prices from Nielsen homescan data, I find...

We document the influence of factor markets in determining the extent of the market, by appealing to the Mundell Hypothesis that trade in goods markets and factor markets are substitutes. We confirm this influence using the U.S. wholesale market for electric power. Although the Eastern, Western,...

In the last few years we have observed deregulation in electricity markets and an increasing interest of price dynamics has been developed especially to consider all stylized facts shown by spot prices. Only few papers, to the authors' knowledge, have considered the Italian Electricity Spot...

The decline in the U.S. labor share is far from uniform across firms. While the aggregate labor share has declined, especially in manufacturing, retail, and wholesale, the labor share of a typical firm in these industries has risen. This paper studies the dynamics of the substitution of capital...

By means of regression analysis, we address the price impact of intermittent renewable energy sources (wind, solar and waves) for the Mibel Iberian Market (Portugal and Spain) during the period spanning from 2010 to 2015. Our results suggest that: i) intermittent renewable energy has a material...

Increasing shares of fluctuating renewable energy, the integration of European electricity grids and markets as well as new technologies induce continuous change in the European energy system. Due to these changes, fundamental electricity system and market models that have been developed and...