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The impact of income inequality and income level on CO₂ emissions in Central Asian countries

Abdrakhmanova, Dinara; Dulambayeva, Raushan - 2026

Persistent link: https://ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10015616814

The war in Ukraine and its multidimensional impact on food security in Europe and Central Asia

Nanitashvili, Tamara - 2026

Persistent link: https://ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10015616880

The Effects of Digital Literacy on Wages in Europe and Central Asia

Nebiler, Metin; Park, Kyunglin - 2026

Digital skills are becoming increasingly more important in the labor market as demand for them is increasing in all sectors. This paper explores the determinants of digital skill acquisition and estimates the impact of digital skills on wages in developing countries by using the latest round of...

Persistent link: https://ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10015613925

Geopolitics and development in Central Asia : exploring opportunities for middle powers

Woo, Hyeyoung - 2026

Central Asia has emerged as a key region where the convergence of geopolitics and development cooperation is most visible. Major powers are redefining their approaches: Japan combines official development assistance (ODA) with commercial partnerships to advance connectivity and reform; the EU is...

Persistent link: https://ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10015607310

Energy potential of central Asian states : prospects for nuclear power development

Osmanovna, Chalova Gul’nar; Arslanovich, Arslanov Magomed - 2026

Persistent link: https://ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10015620225

Mend the Gap, Unleash Potential : Addressing Barriers in Women’s Economic Opportunities in Europe and Central Asia

2026

This report takes stock of gender equality in ECA, with a particular focus on women’s access to economic opportunities and jobs, alongside the urgent challenge of VAWG. It highlights the World Bank Group–supported initiatives across the region, illustrating both the range of solutions being...

Persistent link: https://ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10015628269

Advancing Security and Transparency for the Governance of Critical Raw Materials in Central Asia

2026

Central Asia holds vast reserves of critical raw materials (CRMs) such as copper, antimony, titanium, molybdenum and other rare metals. As global demand for these commodities rises to support the green transition, the region could play an important role in future supply chains. Central Asian...

Persistent link: https://ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10015631609

Central Asia : environmental performance reviews : scoping report

2026

Persistent link: https://ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10015637792

Nature-Based Solutions in Mountains : Assessing the Potential of Nature-Based Solutions for Disaster Risk Reduction in Central Asia and South Caucasus

2026

This study focuses on six countries in the Central Asia and South Caucasus (CA & SC) regions: Armenia, Georgia, Kazakhstan, the Kyrgyz Republic, Tajikistan, and Uzbekistan. Their inclusion reflects both the World Bank’s strategic engagement in the region and growing government interest in...

Persistent link: https://ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10015641196

Europe and Central Asia Economic Update, April 2026 : Industrial Policy

2026

The resilience of the countries of Europe and Central Asia is tested again by the crisis in the Middle East and rising energy import prices. Growth in the region is likely to weaken to 2.2 percent on average in 2026-27 from 2.6 percent in 2025. The pace of economic expansion in the Russian...

Persistent link: https://ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10015641213

Intergenerational mobility and emigration willingness and intentions in Europe, the Middle East, and Central Asia

Gugushvili, Alexi - 2026

Persistent link: https://ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10015641314

The Missing Half of Capital : Unlocking Finance for Women-Led Firms in Europe and Central Asia

Baheti, Daksh; Burga, Lucero; Fruttero, Anna; Luzi, Lucia - 2026

This paper analyzes why women-owned and led small and medium-sized enterprises in Europe and Central Asia face persistent ﬁnancing gaps and discusses ways to reduce them. Using a journey-mapping framework, the paper identiﬁes 49 barriers faced by women-entrepreneurs in accessing debt and...

Persistent link: https://ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10015655991

Building Resilience and Climate Adaptation in Europe and Central Asia

Rozenberg, Julie; Farole, Thomas; Lee, Julian - 2026

In September 2024, Storm Boris unleashed record-breaking rainfall and severe flooding across Central and Eastern Europe, notably affecting Poland, Romania, the Czech Republic, Austria, and Southern Germany. At least 27 lives were lost, and billions of dollars in damage were incurred to homes,...

Persistent link: https://ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10015656006

Europe and Central Asia Macro Poverty Outlook, April 2026 : Country-by-Country Analysis and Projections for the Developing World

2026

This edition of the Macro Poverty Outlooks periodical contains country-by-country forecasts and overviews for GDP, fiscal, debt and poverty indicators for the developing countries of the Europe and Central Asia region. Macroeconomic indicators such as population, gross domestic product, and...

Persistent link: https://ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10015656009

Scaling up Climate Adaptation Finance in Europe and Central Asia

Rozenberg, Julie; Farole, Thomas - 2026

This World Bank report examines the urgent need to scale up climate adaptation finance in Europe and Central Asia (ECA), a region increasingly exposed to severe climate risks such as droughts, floods, heatwaves, and wildfires. It highlights that adaptation investment needs—estimated at 1–5...

Persistent link: https://ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10015656015

Vienna Development Knowledge Center Annual Report 2025 : A Knowledge Platform for Europe and Central Asia

2026

The Vienna Development Knowledge Center (VDKC) was established in 2025 as a joint initiative of the World Bank Group (WBG) and the Federal Government of Austria to strengthen the use of knowledge in addressing complex development challenges in Europe and Central Asia (ECA). The Center responds...

Persistent link: https://ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10015656025

Afterword

Schouten, John W. - 2026

Persistent link: https://ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10015656357

ICMPD migration outlook 2026 Eastern Europe & Central Asia: eight migration issues to look out for in 2026 : origins, key events and priorities for Europe

2026

Persistent link: https://ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10015636503

Digital and sustainable trade facilitation in the Central Asia Regional Economic Cooperation (CAREC) : based on the United Nations Global Survey on Digital and Sustainable Trade Facilitation 2025

2026

Persistent link: https://ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10015667239

Digital trade regulatory review for North and Central Asia, 2025 : ESCAP-ECA-ECLAC Initiative on Digital Trade Regulatory Integration

2026

Persistent link: https://ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10015667245

Livelihood alternatives to labor migration : a choice experiment in Tajikistan

Lambrecht, Isabel; Rajiv, Sharanya; Block, Wouter de; … - 2026

Persistent link: https://ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10015661661

Governance and institutional quality as double-edged determinants of FDI inflows : evidence from South and Central Asia

Beruniy, Artikov; Javokhir, Saburov; Islom, Bozorov; … - 2026

This study examines the role of governance and institutional quality in shaping FDI inflows across twelve South and Central Asian economies from 2002 to 2023. The analysis incorporates key macroeconomic determinants, including trade openness, economic growth, population, inflation, six...

Persistent link: https://ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10015676356

Public Investment as a Catalyst : Crowding in Private Capital in Europe and Central Asia

Kasyanenko, Sergiy; Izvorski, Ivailo - 2026

Public investment can be a powerful catalyst for private capital in Europe and Central Asia (ECA). Evidence shows that raising public investment by 1 percent of gross domestic product (GDP) lifts private investment by up to 2.2 percent over five years, provided there is adequate fiscal space and...

Persistent link: https://ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10016069829

Documentation of the SUSADICA farm survey data on irrigated agriculture in Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan (2019 and 2022)

Djanibekov, Nodir; Tadjiev, Abdusame; Petrick, Martin - 2026

This Discussion Paper documents the SUSADICA farm survey dataset and accompanying metadata to support transparent reuse and reproducible empirical research. It explains how the dataset was produced, structured, cleaned, harmonized, and prepared for public release, allowing users to understand...

Persistent link: https://ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10016081888

The role of remittances in household resilience to extreme weather in the Kyrgyz Republic : evidence from panel data

Karymshakov, Kamalbek; Kim, Kijin; Azhgaliyeva, Dina; … - 2026

Household resilience to extreme weather events depends critically on financial access, yet the role of remittances in shaping expenditure responses to such events remains insufficiently understood. This study examines how remittances are associated with household expenditure patterns under...

Persistent link: https://ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10016084823

Competition and Productivity in Middle East and Central Asia : What Role Do Tariffs Play?

Faris, Walid - 2026

Across much of the Middle East and Central Asia (ME&CA), market competition remains weaker than in other emerging markets, holding back productivity and income growth. Using firm-level data from Orbis for 2002–2021, this paper studies the evolution of market competition in ME&CA economies and...

Persistent link: https://ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10016087537

Rethinking Fiscal Policy and Frameworks in the Caucasus and Central Asia

Al Taj, Masud - 2026

This paper evaluates the fiscal frameworks in the CCA and finds significant scope to strengthen fiscal policy along its stabilization, allocation, and sustainability dimensions. Priorities include enhancing automatic stabilizers through reforms to personal income taxation and social protection...

Persistent link: https://ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10016087749

Central Bank Independence and Monetary Policy Effectiveness in the Middle East, Central Asia and Caucasus

Gershenson, Dmitry - 2026

The subject of central bank independence (CBI) remains a keenly debated topic even decades into its adoption in a growing number of countries. CBI has recently come under renewed scrutiny, including in the Middle East and Central Asia (ME&CA) countries, as pressures for monetary policy to...

Persistent link: https://ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10016087946

Does globalization accelerate or mitigate greenhouse gas gmissions? : evidence from energy transition and technological innovation in Central Asia

Kholmatov, Sukhrob; Makhmudov, Samariddin; Zunnunova, … - 2026

Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions have emerged as a critical challenge to sustainable development in Central Asia, where rapid economic transformation, rising energy demand, and increasing globalization have intensified environmental pressures. This study investigates the determinants of GHG...

Persistent link: https://ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10016090469

Socio-economic inequality, social infrastructure, and quality of life in Central Asia : the roles of digital infrastructure and structural transformation

Smailov, Murat; Mamadiyarov, Zokir; Isakov, Janabay; … - 2026

This study investigates the long-run relationship between socio-economic inequality, public service provision, infrastructure development, structural transformation, and quality of life in Central Asia, focusing on Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, and Uzbekistan over the 2000-2024 period....

Persistent link: https://ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10016087353

The geopolitical competition between China and India for securing energy supplies in Central Asia

Saadeldin, Rania Soliman; Mahmoud, Dalal - 2026

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the geopolitical competition between China and India over securing energy supplies from Central Asia, and to assess the strategic significance of this rivalry within the broader context of regional and global power dynamics. By applying realist and...

Persistent link: https://ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10016090669

The relationship between healthcare financing and social protection in ensuring equity and fiscal sustainability

Kapenova, Aiymgul; Ichshanova, Ruslana; Iskakova, Zagira - 2026

Background: Progress toward universal health coverage in Central Asia depends on the interaction between public healthcare financing, broader social protection, and the fiscal capacity of the state. The region is analytically important because five post-Soviet health systems share a common...

Persistent link: https://ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10016089870

Missing einsteins in emerging Europe and Central Asia?

Okyay, Didem; Plekhanov, Alexander - 2026

Persistent link: https://ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10016094056

Financial inclusiveness report

Al-Awah, Ahmed; Grand, Nathalie - 2025

Persistent link: https://ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10015616949

Climate and disaster risk resilience : developing insurance and risk financing solutions in Central Asia : a scoping study

2025

Persistent link: https://ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10015617252

External development financial flows to food systems : Africa report

2025

Persistent link: https://ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10015547514

Contradictions and patterns of eco‑innovative strategies of SMEs in Central Asian countries : ambivalent dynamics of Kazakhstan

Pyagay, Alexandr; Tatikova, Asiya; Medeni, Tunç - 2025

This research aims to identify the dynamics of eco-innovations in Kazakhstan's small and medium-sized business sectors, as well as to assess the practical signifcance of these innovations for both ecology and society as a whole. To achieve this objective, a combination of methods was employed,...

Persistent link: https://ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10015324764

Reimagining Central Asian Cities for a Resilient and Low-Carbon Future

Huang, Chyi Yun; Eisenberg, Ross Marc; Velasco, Guillermo - 2025

This study is a novel attempt to analyze the patterns and trends of urbanization in medium to large cities in Central Asia. It encompasses a broad range of parameters, and employs an evidence-based approach to outlining strategic directions and actions for fostering green and resilient urban...

Persistent link: https://ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10015372315

The Gulf States, China, and Central Asia's green energy sector : interactions patterns, geopolitical dynamics, and implications for the EU and Germany

Ansari, Dawud; Gehrung, Rosa Melissa; Pepe, Jacopo Maria - 2025

Central Asian economies, particularly Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan, are pursuing increasingly ambitious goals for renewable energy. Apart from China - an established player in the market - it has increasingly been Gulf countries that have been implementing respective projects, particularly Saudi...

Persistent link: https://ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10015330876

Education, institutions, and investment as determinants of economic growth in Central Asia and the Caucasus : a panel data analysis

Tleppaev, A. M.; Zejnolla, C. Ž.; Tyulyubayeva, Dinara; … - 2025

Economic growth and development are key to societal well-being, yet emerging economies in Central Asia and the Caucasus face challenges such as labor market inefficiencies, uneven capital distribution, and weak institutions. This study examines the impact of education, institutional quality,...

Persistent link: https://ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10015338820

Opportunities and challenges of China's economic ties with Kazakhstan : looking back to look forward

Lim, Guanie; Tjia, Linda Yin-Nor; Murashkin, Nikolay - 2025

Persistent link: https://ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10015190428

Robust growth in Central Asia 2019-24 : in the face of uncertainties, the pandemic and protracted war in the neighborhood

Barisitz, Stephan - 2025

In contrast to most Central, Eastern and Southeastern European (CESEE) economies, Central Asia (CA) - comprising Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan - has witnessed quite robust demographic as well as economic growth in the period from 2019 to 2024. This period was...

Persistent link: https://ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10015182168

Assessing the impact of income decline on household clean fuel choice : evidence from the Kyrgyz Republic

Karymshakov, Kamalbek; Azhgaliyeva, Dina - 2025

Low-carbon energy transition, which includes the replacement of fossil fuels with low-carbon energy infrastructure, the removal of subsidies, and other measures, requires households to be able to pay for low-carbon energy services. Economic shocks such as the coronavirus disease pandemic and...

Persistent link: https://ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10015358476

Drivers of Inflation in the Caucasus and Central Asia

Atamanchuk, Maria - 2025

In parallel with global developments, inflation in the Central Asia and Caucasus (CCA) has exhibited large swings in recent years. This paper investigates inflation dynamics in the CCA and its main drivers and derives conclusions that can inform policymaking. The analysis is based on three...

Persistent link: https://ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10015328202

Economic transformation and environmental impact in Central Asia : a case study of Kazakhstan's shift to renewable energy

Smagulova, Assem; Khamzayeva, Assel Valitkhanovna; … - 2025

Persistent link: https://ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10015416410

ICTs' impact on energy consumption and economic growth in the countries of Central Asia : an empirical analysis

Kurmanov, Nurlan; Bakirbekova, Aigul; Adiyetova, Elmira; … - 2025

Persistent link: https://ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10015418765

Building geoeconomic bridges: European Union - South Caucasus - Central Asia : opportunities for Romania

2025

Persistent link: https://ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10015419792

Heat adaptation in central Asia : household cooling choices

Sulaimanova, Burulcha; Azhgaliyeva, Dina; Holzhacker, Hans - 2025

This study investigates factors influencing household cooling choices in Central Asia, focusing on air-conditioning and fans/sunscreen films. Using data from the 2023 "Household Access to Energy in the Fergana Valley" survey in the Kyrgyz Republic, Tajikistan, and Uzbekistan, the analysis...

Persistent link: https://ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10015419842

Unlivable. How Cities in Europe and Central Asia Can Survive ‒ and Thrive ‒ in a Hotter Future

2025

Extreme heat is becoming one of the most lethal and underestimated threats to cities in Europe and Central Asia, exacerbating health risks, undermining productivity, and pushing infrastructure to its limits. This report presents new analysis showing that without urgent adaptation, heat-related...

Persistent link: https://ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10015424952

Shifting U.S. approaches to Eurasia

Malhotra, Shairee; Zakharov, Aleksei; Jayaprakash, … - 2025

Persistent link: https://ebvufind01.dmz1.zbw.eu/10015463574