This study provides an assessment of Ukraine’s transport workforce and skills landscape during a period of profound change. As maritime and air routes remain suspended, road freight, road passenger, and urban public transport have become the backbone of domestic and international mobility, and...

This paper studies how employment subsidies for start-ups shape their performance. We exploit an unexpected policy reform in Belgium that permanently exempted start-ups hiring their first employee from payroll taxes for that employee. Using firm-level administrative data and a...

Long-term unemployment among older workers is particularly difficult to overcome. We study the impacts of a large-scale job guarantee program that offered up to two years of fully subsidized employment to long-term unemployed individuals aged 50 and above. Using a sharp age-based discontinuity...

Many countries use job-retention schemes, such as short-time work (STW), to stabilize the labor market during economic downturns. While these schemes might prevent unemployment (UE) and its adverse effects on workers, STW could also deter workers from moving to more productive firms, thereby...

This paper studies how employment subsidies for start-ups shape their performance. We exploit an unexpected policy reform in Belgium that permanently exempted start-ups hiring their first employee from payroll taxes for that employee. Using firm-level administrative data and a...

Integration agreements (IA) outline the efforts the jobseeker should undertake to find employment and specify the services that the caseworker would provide to assist them in their job search. The agreements include a declaration of legal consequences, and punitive benefit sanctions could be...

Colombia has a complex legal framework meant to protect the population against basic risks through a combination of contributory and non-contributory social insurance. The population is almost perfectly split between them, with eligibility to participate in the latter determined by poverty....

Can employer-side wage subsidies increase hiring women in low female labor force participation settings? This paper tests this using a randomized experiment with 1,227 Pakistani firms on a national jobs platform. Treatment firms were offered a six-month wage subsidy determined via the...

This paper examines the welfare implications of job retention schemes, where governments subsidize employers to preserve jobs during downturns. Using EU microdata from 2003 to 2018, we show that such schemes are associated with lower job separation rates, especially among lower-productivity...

The demand and supply of new skills—especially in IT and AI—are reshaping labor markets, impacting wages and hiring. About one in ten job vacancies in advanced economies demands at least one new skill, often appearing first in the United States. The incidence is about half in emerging...

This paper studies how employment subsidies for start-ups shape their performance. We exploit an unexpected policy reform in Belgium that permanently exempted start-ups hiring their first employee from payroll taxes for that employee. Using firm-level administrative data and a...

We find a substantial and long-lasting positive effect of the introduction of regional minimum wages on training incidence and intensity. We apply a stacked difference-in-differences estimation to identify the dynamic effect of high minimum wages introduced in several Swiss cantons between 2018...

This paper studies the causal impact of language skills on human capital accumulation, labor market outcomes, and job characteristics of childhood immigrants across European countries. Using PIAAC data, we adopt an instrumental variable strategy based on the critical age hypothesis and...

This paper evaluates EU Cohesion Policy interventions during 2014-2020 using regression discontinuity design (RDD), exploiting funding thresholds at 75 and 90 percent of EU average GDP per capita across 281 NUTS-2 regions. The analysis examines nominal and real GDP per capita growth, GDP per...

One of the main arguments for implementing public works programmes (PWPs) instead of other social protection schemes such as cash transfers is that the assets created through these programmes themselves can generate medium- to long-term benefits. This is particularly important as the costs for...

Dieser Beitrag schlägt ein Ein-Monats-Experience-Rating als pragmatische Reform der Finanzierung der Arbeitslosenversicherung in Ländern wie Österreich und Deutschland vor, in denen derzeit einheitliche Arbeitgeberbeiträge gelten. Arbeitgeber würden nach Beendigung eines...

We examine effects of government-imposed employment targets on firm behavior. Theoretically, such policies create “polarization,“ causing low-productivity firms to exit the market while others temporarily distort their employment upward. Dynamically, firms are incentivized to improve...

Aus dem einleitenden Teil: "Die Sozialökonomischen Betriebe (SÖB) und Gemeinnützigen Beschäftigungsprojekte (GBP) haben in Tirol eine lange Tradition und eine hohe Bedeutung bei der Beschäftigung und arbeitsmarktorientierten Reintegration von langzeitarbeitslosen Personen. Diese Zielgruppe...

Aus dem einleitenden Teil: "Die vorliegende Studie im Auftrag der Abt. Arbeitsmarktforschung und Berufsinformation des AMS Österreich und der Landesgeschäftsstelle des AMS Wien untersucht die Arbeitsmarktintegration rezent angekommener syrischer Geflüchteter beiderlei Geschlechts in...

Aus dem einleitenden Teil: Das Arbeitsmarktservice (AMS) ist gesetzlich dazu verpflichtet, einen Beitrag zur Gleichstellung von Frauen und Männern am Arbeitsmarkt zu leisten. Diese Verpflichtung begründet sich durch die nach wie vor bestehenden Schieflagen zwischen Frauen und Männern am...

Aus der Einleitung: Die große Fluchtbewegung im Jahr 2015 sowie eine nachfolgend verstärkte Zuwanderung stellen bis heute das Arbeitsmarktservice (AMS) und seine Partnerorganisationen, so u.a. ABZ*AUSTRIA, vor völlig neue Aufgaben. Besonders die Integration geflüchteter Frauen erfordert bis...

Cooperation between different actors in business innovation is crucial for economic development and supports the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). This study examines the relationship between innovation cooperation and the employment objectives of firms, such as job maintenance and creation....

We provide experimental evidence on how employers adjust expectations to automation risk in high-skill, white-collar work. Using a randomized information intervention among tax advisors in Germany, we show that firms systematically underestimate automatability. Information provision raises risk...