In 2010, at the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO), an Intergovernmental Committee started its negotiations that notably aim at protecting traditional knowledge from fraudulent patents. On that same year, French company Chanel Parfums Beauté committed itself to combatting this...

We develop a unified cost-benefit framework that allows for a better understanding of nature conservation and climate policies under risk and uncertainty. We derive modified Hotelling rules from a social planner’s welfare optimization. They reveal four forces that jointly determine market...

The Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) is a cornerstone policy of the European Union, increasingly focused on promoting environmentally sustainable practices. In 2014, the CAP introduced Greening payments and a crop diversification requirement to enhance soil resilience and mitigate ecosystem...

Die Studie analysiert die wirtschaftspolitische Nachhaltigkeit Deutschlands seit 2020 anhand des Neuen Magischen Vierecks (NMV), das vier Zielbereiche umfasst: materieller Wohlstand, nachhaltige Staatsfinanzen, soziale und ökologische Nachhaltigkeit. Die Corona- und Energiepreiskrisen führten...

This work aimed at paving the way for a better coverage of the effects of agroecological practices on soil quality and on biodiversity in the Environmental Footprint (EF) methods, the EU recommended life cycle assessment (LCA) based methods to quantify the environmental impacts of products and...

This paper examines how firms adjust the number and types of workers they hire in response to increased biodiversity transition risk. Using the adoption of the Key Biodiversity Areas Standard of 2016 as a source of variation that increases the risk of future land-use restrictions, we find that...

Global biodiversity decreased by 69% from 1970 to 2022, representing a key risk to economic activity. However, the link between nature, biodiversity and finance has received little attention within the field of sustainable finance. This paper attempts to fill this gap. Nature finance aims to...

Roads are key drivers of economic growth and form a dominant feature in many landscapes. With road infrastructure steadily expanding-and projections indicating significant growth-it is important to ensure that road construction and upgrades do not trigger direct and indirect biodiversity loss,...

Biodiversity is the variety of life at genetic, species, and ecosystems levels. It is essential to sustain human life, food security, crop yields, jobs, livelihoods, and marine productivity. Yet, it is declining at an unprecedented rate as the planet approaches a tipping point that could have...

The Global Biodiversity Framework adopted at the United Nations Biodiversity Conference set a target to protect 30 percent of the world’s land and sea areas by 2030. This paper evaluates the potential contribution of the 30x30 initiative to biodiversity conservation by examining its...

Habitat fragmentation threatens biodiversity by disrupting ecological connectivity. To support conservation planning, we evaluate which spatial connectivity metrics best predict species occurrence. We do so by comparing six common connectivity metrics as predictors of occurrence patterns of...

At the core of Regulation (EU) 1143/2014 is a list of invasive alien species of Union concern. An EU-level horizon scanning for species that can be added to this list was undertaken, aiming to derive at least 100 species likely to arrive, establish, spread and have an impact on native...

Nature-based solutions (NbS) are inspired and supported by nature, they are cost-effective, simultaneously provide environmental, social and economic benefits and help build resilience; such solutions bring more, and more diverse, nature and natural features and processes into cities, landscapes...

The Environmental Footprint (EF) methods, recommended by the European Commission, offer a framework for assessing the environmental impact of various sectors. This report outlines the findings from the Agricultural Working Group (AWG), Milestone 5, focusing on the evaluation of methods to better...

This paper uses quantile-on-quantile kernel-regularised least squares (QQKRLS) and quantile-on-quantile Granger causality (QQGC) methods to examine how the S&P Global Large MidCap Biodiversity Index (GBI) heterogeneously influences the stock markets of the G7 countries and China. Our empirical...

We examine the relationship between household incomes and the biodiversity footprints of consumption in the United States from 1996 to 2022. Combining detailed household expenditure surveys with environmentally-extended multi-regional input-output accounting methods, we calculate...