Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) are the backbone of the European economy. However, the impact of nature-related risks on SME creditworthiness is still largely unexplored. To address this gap, we incorporate indicators of nature-related risks - namely the Biodiversity Intactness Index,...

In 2010, at the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO), an Intergovernmental Committee started its negotiations that notably aim at protecting traditional knowledge from fraudulent patents. On that same year, French company Chanel Parfums Beauté committed itself to combatting this...

We develop a unified cost-benefit framework that allows for a better understanding of nature conservation and climate policies under risk and uncertainty. We derive modified Hotelling rules from a social planner’s welfare optimization. They reveal four forces that jointly determine market...

International forums hosted by Brazil, such as the G20 Meeting in November 2024 and the COP30 of the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) in November 2025, indicate the country's need for a rapid transition to a more sustainable economy in several dimensions. In this paper, we...

This paper develops a tractable integrated assessment model of the two-way interaction between biodiversity and the economy. To capture the main causes of biodiversity loss and the economic harm from it, we focus on agriculture and its expansion at the expense of forest land. We answer the...

Biodiversity is essential for ecological stability, human well-being, and economic progress, providing critical ecosystem services such as clean water, food, and climate regulation. However, it faces unprecedented threats, with extinction rates accelerating to 1,000 times the natural baseline...

The Blue Solutions for Africa series of operational briefs captures how a thriving Blue Economy can help African countries better manage the development challenges they face while supporting economic growth, sustainable livelihoods, and the health of these precious ecosystems

In the African Sahel region, arable land is being increasingly threatened by the implications of climate change. Agroforestry offers opportunities to adapt to these challenges by enhancing ecological resilience and food production through intensification and/or diversification by integrating...

The 2nd Preparatory Action on Smart Rural Areas in the 21st Century (Smart Rural 27 project) was launched by the European Commission on 21 December 2020 with the aim to "prepare Member States and rural communities to the implementation of the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) post-2020 as well as...

This working group report from the Green Deal Projects Support Office provides a compelling overview of innovative projects aimed at tackling climate change and biodiversity loss across Europe. Highlighting key achievements and collaborative efforts, this update delves into wildfire management,...

This report introduces the Protected Area Management Effectiveness (PAME) and the Protected Area Governance and Equity (PAGE) concepts and most frequently used tools and then provides guidelines on the usage of the relative web modules of the BIOPAMA Reference Information System (RIS) developed...

While climate change is widely considered as a major challenge for societies, another pressing global environmental problem, i.e. the loss of biodiversity, is often given less attention despite its strong negative consequences for ecosystems and thus for human life. In light of the strong...

We study the economic effects of the interaction of nature loss and climate change in a model that incorporates important aspects of both processes. We capture the distinct ways in which they affect economic activity—with nature constituting a key factor of production and climate change...

We examine the relationship between household incomes and the biodiversity footprints of consumption in the United States from 1996 to 2022. Combining detailed household expenditure surveys with environmentally-extended multi-regional input-output accounting methods, we calculate...

Habitat fragmentation threatens biodiversity by disrupting ecological connectivity. To support conservation planning, we evaluate which spatial connectivity metrics best predict species occurrence. We do so by comparing six common connectivity metrics as predictors of occurrence patterns of...