In response to a request from the Bank of the Republic of Burundi (BRB), the Monetary and Capital Markets Department (MCM) of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) carried out a Financial Sector Stability Review (FSSR) mission from January 31 through February 13, 2024. The FSSR performed a...

The Country Opinion Survey in Burundi assists the World Bank Group (WBG) in better understanding how stakeholders in Burundi perceive the WBG. It provides the WBG with systematic feedback from national and local governments, multilateral/bilateral agencies, media, academia, the private sector,...

Burundi is a small landlocked country bordered by the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) to the west, Rwanda to the north and Tanzania to the east and south. Burundi is endowed with deposits of gold, tin, tungsten and tantalum (3Ts), lithium, rare earth minerals (the lanthanides), vanadium,...

I examine whether and how the means through which a civil war ends affects the success of a country's state-building strategy after conflict. I show that two distinct modes of conflict termination-military victories and negotiated settlements-lead to differential long-run statebuilding outcomes...

What are the benefits that a man generates to his household just for the sake of being a man? Using regression discontinuity design, we estimate the impact of adult male presence in female headed households on six socioeconomic outcomes in rural Burundi. We use the age of the oldest male in the...

This paper highlights Burundi's Request for a 38-Month Arrangement under the Extended Credit Facility (ECF). Burundi faces protracted balance of payments needs with a widening current account deficit and low foreign reserves coverage, large development needs, and macroeconomic challenges...

The objective of this paper was to analyse the relationship between inflation and economic growth in Burundi and to determine whether there is an inflation threshold or not to allow monetary authority to adopt the optimal policies to deal with shocks. With annual data from 1990 to 2020, the ARDL...

The lack of political representation often lies at the origin of identity-based violence, and, when not resolved, can re-ignite violence. We study who perceives gains and losses in political representation in Rwanda and Burundi and why. We rely on a quantitative and qualitative analysis of over...

Poverty reduction in developing countries and food security are among the major concerns of the international community today. In Burundi, poverty, insufficient production, lack of money and ignorance of appropriate techniques for cultivating land, etc; lead farmers to have a small production and...

The lack of political representation often lies at the origin of identity-based violence, and, when not resolved, can re-ignite violence. We study who perceives gains and losses in political representation in Rwanda and Burundi and why. We rely on a quantitative and qualitative analysis of over...

The difficulty in resurrecting inter-ethnic cooperation in the aftermath of violence and genocide is one of the biggest challenges facing post-conflict societies. Using experimental data from post-genocide Rwanda and Burundi, this paper shows that an unwarranted tendency to blame others for...

The Country Opinion Survey in Burundi assists the World Bank Group (WBG) in gaining a better understanding of how stakeholders in Burundi perceive the WBG. It provides the WBG with systematic feedback from national and local governments, multilateral/bilateral agencies, media, academia, the...

Malaria is a parasitic infection ranked among the leading causes of mortality and morbidity in Sub-Sahara African countries. If recommended interventions measures are well applied, malaria can be prevented and controlled. In many cases, the budget allocated to malaria prevention and treatment...

This Selected Issues paper on Burundi discusses economic growth, fragility, and non-price competitiveness. In the aftermath of the 2015 crisis that has further fragilized the Burundian economy, the authorities have developed and adopted in 2018 a 10-year National development plan. The origins of...

This 2022 Article IV Consultation discusses that Burundi's economy continues to navigate the challenging headwinds presented by the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic and the impact of the war in Ukraine. Burundi's public debt is sustainable; however, the risk of external debt distress is high....

The difficulty in resurrecting inter-ethnic cooperation in the aftermath of violence and genocide is one of the biggest challenges facing post-conflict societies. Using experimental data from post-genocide Rwanda and Burundi, this paper shows that an unwarranted tendency to blame others for...

Burundi is a fragile state with a history of political tensions and weak institutions. Before the Covid-19 pandemic, Burundi was recovering from an economic recession triggered by the 2015 political crisis stemming from the late President Nkurunziza's decision to run for a third term. Real GDP...

We combine household survey data with event data on the timing and location of armed conflicts to examine the impact of Burundi's civil war on children's health status. The identification strategy exploits exogenous variation in the war's timing across provinces and the exposure of children's...

Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) has highlighted the need for accelerating digital adoption in Burundi. Burundi's current sectoral strategies acknowledge the importance of investing in digital technology. However, these lack an overarching approach with an actionable roadmap and clear resources...

This article investigates women's returns to schooling by exploiting Burundi's free primary education policy (FPE) of 2005 as a natural experiment. Credibly exogenous variation in education is identified through a fuzzy regression discontinuity design (RDD). Our results show that while...

Economic impact. COVID-19 is having an adverse economic impact on Burundi. The pandemic is affecting Burundi through an evolving domestic outbreak and economic spillovers from the global and regional environment, including from the containment measures introduced in trading partners and...

Purpose This study aims to examine the illicit capital movement through trade misinvoicing in Burundi, at disaggregated levels by major trading partners and by major export and import commodities. Design/methodology/approach Trade misinvoicing is estimated by comparing the trade values declared...