This report by the Consultative Group on Innovation and the Digital Economy (CGIDE) discusses theoretical and real-world use cases of tokenisation, which include initiatives run by the Central Bank of Brazil and the Central Bank of Colombia, and private sector-led initiatives discussed within...

The retail cross-border payments market is valued at more than $800 billion of transactions per year, and is growing. Despite this, retail cross-border transactions lag domestic ones in terms of cost, speed, access and transparency because of the complex processes they involve. This complexity...

In den letzten Jahren hat sich die Zahl der digitalen Währungen stark erhöht. Als besonders zukunftsweisend kann das von Zentralbanken entwickelte Digitale Zentralbankgeld (DZBG) gelten. Die Kombination der Vorteile elektronischer Zahlungsmittel - Schnelligkeit und Effizienz von Transaktionen...

In den letzten Jahren hat sich die Zahl der digitalen Währungen stark erhöht. Als besonders zukunftsweisend kann das von Zentralbanken entwickelte Digitale Zentralbankgeld (DZBG) gelten. Die Kombination der Vorteile elektronischer Zahlungsmittel - Schnelligkeit und Effizienz von Transaktionen...

We examine the impact of central bank digital currency (CBDC) on banks and the broader economy - drawing on novel survey evidence and using a structural macroeconomic model with endogenous bank runs. A substantial share of German respondents would include CBDCs in their portfolio in normal times...

The paper discusses potential effects of a central bank digital currency (CBDC) on liquidity and monetary policy. CBDC could benefit the payment system but could also pose macroeconomic/financial challenges if demand for CBDC becomes high. High CBDC demand can affect banks' balance sheets,...

The European Central Bank (ECB) wants to push ahead with the "digital euro" project. However, the digital euro is by nomeans the only and possibly not even a good (let alone the best) way to respond to the comprehensive change in the world of money. Interms of its reputation, the ECB must act...

This paper is written by Hongyi Chen (Hong Kong Institute for Monetary and Financial Research) and Pierre Siklos (Wilfrid Laurier University and Balsillie school of International Affairs).Digitalization, spurred by the pandemic, has accelerated plans by many central banks to introduce retail...

The European Central Bank (ECB) wants to push ahead with the "digital euro" project. However, the digital euro is by nomeans the only and possibly not even a good (let alone the best) way to respond to the comprehensive change in the world of money. Interms of its reputation, the ECB must act...

The paper discusses potential effects of a central bank digital currency (CBDC) on liquidity and monetary policy. CBDC could benefit the payment system but could also pose macroeconomic/financial challenges if demand for CBDC becomes high. High CBDC demand can affect banks' balance sheets,...

The paper discusses potential effects of a central bank digital currency (CBDC) on liquidity and monetary policy. CBDC could benefit the payment system but could also pose macroeconomic/financial challenges if demand for CBDC becomes high. High CBDC demand can affect banks' balance sheets,...

"As the blockchain and decentralized finance industry crosses the $3 trillion-mark, market distortions and anticompetitive practices are starting to emerge. In this decentralized economy, antitrust and competition law are called to play a major role in preserving healthy competition and consumer...

Digital transformation is provoking a real revolution in the payment's landscape of many economies in the last few years. New technologies and the change in public's habits are transforming not only the way payments are processed but the very modes of registering, storing and transferring value...

We analyze the effect of a major central bank digital currency (CBDC) - the digital euro - on the payment industry to find remarkably heterogeneous effects. Stock prices of U.S. payment firms decrease, while stock prices of European payment firms increase in response to positive announcements on...

With a foreword by Sethaput Suthiwartnarueput, Governor of the Bank of Thailand. Digital disruption is rapidly transforming the financial sector, propelled by FinTech, BigTech, and non-bank institutions meeting public needs but challenging incumbents. Central banks must adapt to facilitate fair...

"This timely Companion offers keen insights into the challenges of valuing digital versus traditional assets, exploring how behavioral and social traits, states and actions can cause biased perspectives in over- or underestimating the value of digital assets. It provides an objective, scientific...

I discuss private and central-bank-issued digital currencies, summarizing my prior research. I argue that prices of private digital currencies such as bitcoin follow random walks or, more generally, risk-adjusted martingales. For central bank digital currencies, I argue that they enhance the...

Interest in central bank digital currencies (CBDCs) has been burgeoning with 134 countries now exploring its implementation. In December 2022, India started its CBDC pilot program to continue its transition towards a digitized payments economy. This paper presents the first empirical analysis...

Die fortschreitende Digitalisierung und die zunehmende Popularität digitaler Zahlungsmöglichkeiten haben zu gravierenden Veränderungen im Zahlungsverhalten geführt. Als Konsequenz erörtert die EZB zurzeit die Einführung eines digitalen Euros. Vorteile bestehen in der Erweiterung...

Die fortschreitende Digitalisierung und die zunehmende Popularität digitaler Zahlungsmöglichkeiten haben zu gravierenden Veränderungen im Zahlungsverhalten geführt. Als Konsequenz erörtert die EZB zurzeit die Einführung eines digitalen Euros. Vorteile bestehen in der Erweiterung...